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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (6): 20-23.

所属专题： 油料作物

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

除草剂在向日葵田除草效果及安全性试验

王宇 黄春艳 黄元炬 朴德万   

  • 收稿日期:2013-05-07 修回日期:2013-11-21 出版日期:2014-06-20 发布日期:2014-06-20

Efficacy and Safety of Herbicides in Sunflower Field

  • Received:2013-05-07 Revised:2013-11-21 Online:2014-06-20 Published:2014-06-20

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摘要： 为了明确6种土壤处理除草剂对向日葵田杂草的防除效果和对向日葵的安全性，筛选适于向日葵田使用的除草剂，本文采用田间小区试验的方法，调查研究施药后的除草效果及对向日葵苗期和产量的影响。结果表明，960 g/L精异丙甲草胺乳油、900 g/L乙草胺乳油对一年生禾本科杂草有良好防效，对向日葵安全。330 g/L二甲戊灵乳油对禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草均有较好防效，对向日葵安全。75%噻吩磺隆水分散粒剂、50%丙炔氟草胺可湿性粉剂对阔叶杂草有良好防效，对向日葵安全。80%丙炔噁草酮对向日葵苗期鲜重和最终产量有影响。结论显示， 960 g/L精异丙甲草胺乳油、900 g/L乙草胺乳油、330 g/L二甲戊灵乳油、75%噻吩磺隆水分散粒剂和50%丙炔氟草胺可湿性粉剂可以用于向日葵田，80%丙炔噁草酮不适合在向日葵田使用。

关键词: 降解地膜, 降解地膜, 土壤水分, 土壤温度, 产量, 玉米

Abstract: In order to determine the control effect and safety of six kinds of soil-applied herbicides on sunflower field weed, and screen the suitable one for sunflower field, field plot trial was used in this experiment. The results showed that 960 g/L S-metolachlor EC, 900g/L Acetochlor EC have better control effect on annual gramineous weeds and are safety to sunflower; 330 g/L Pendimethalin EC has better control effect on both gramineous weeds and broadleaf weeds and are safety to sunflower; 75% thifensulfuron methyl WG and 50% flumioxazin WP have better control effect on broadleaf weeds and are safety to sunflower, while 80% oxadiargyl WP has effect on fresh weight during seeding stage and final yields. In conclusion, 960 g/L S-metolachlor EC, 900g/L Acetochlor EC, 330 g/L Pendimethalin EC, 75% thifensulfuron methyl WG and 50% flumioxazin WP can be used on sunflower field, while 80% oxadiargyl WP is not suitable for sunflower.