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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (4): 44-47.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.2014-xb0692

所属专题： 油料作物； 园艺

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

壁蜂生物学特性及其在油菜杂交制种中的应用研究

咸拴狮,杜春芳,范建春,马冬菊   

  1. 山西省农业科学院棉花研究所,山西省农业科学院棉花研究所,山西省农业科学院棉花研究所,山西农业科学院棉花研究所
  • 收稿日期:2014-07-13 修回日期:2014-07-13 接受日期:2014-10-14 出版日期:2015-05-06 发布日期:2015-05-06
  • 通讯作者: 杜春芳 E-mail:cpjipr
  • 基金资助:
    国家高新技术研究发展项目“强优势油菜杂交种的创制与应用”(2011AA10A104)；农业科技成果转化资金项目“高产优质杂交油菜晋油10号示范推广”(2013GB2A300057)。

The biological characteristics and Application effect of osmia bees on hybrid Rape production

  • Received:2014-07-13 Revised:2014-07-13 Accepted:2014-10-14 Online:2015-05-06 Published:2015-05-06

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摘要： 为解决油菜杂交制种中的效率低、质量差问题，应用壁蜂对油菜杂交制种进行辅助授粉。通过对壁蜂生物学特性的连续观察及其在油菜制种授粉上的应用研究分析，结果表明，壁蜂的活动周期与油菜花期吻合性好，适用度高，不仅适合油菜大面积制种应用，而且适用于小面积网棚应用。每平方米投放10~15头壁蜂、巢箱高度1.0~1.5 m，可有效解决油菜制种过程中的串粉、用工多、结实率低等难题，是有效提高油菜制种质量和产量的一种新方法。

关键词: 烟草, 烟草, 硅钙钾镁肥, pH, 土壤养分, 农艺性状, 烟叶品质

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of low efficiency and poor quality in hybrid seed production of rape seed, application of Osmia auxiliary pollination on the production. Based on studying the biological characteristics of Osmia and its application in rape seed (Brassica campestris L.) pollination, we find that Osmia activity cycle had a good match with rapeseed flowering time. It’s not only suit for large area rape seed production, but also suit for small net tent application. It would be a good method for improving the quality and quantity of rape seed hybrid output, can effectively solve the difficult problems of mix, work hard and low seed setting rate in the hybrid production process, with 10-15 Osmis in every square meter, and the nest box under the condition of 1.0-1.5 m height.