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农学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (3): 44-50.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18070019

所属专题: 生物技术 水产渔业

• 畜牧 兽医 水产 • 上一篇    下一篇

氨氮对异育银鲫“中科3号”幼鱼急性毒性及肝脏抗氧化酶系统的影响

薛凌展1, 吴素琼2, 张 坤3, 樊海平1, 陈 斌1, 林 旋2   

  1. 1.福建省淡水水产研究所;2.福建农林大学;3.福建天马科技集团股份有限公司
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-19 修回日期:2018-09-11 接受日期:2018-09-25 出版日期:2019-03-20 发布日期:2019-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 樊海平 E-mail:xlz5872@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家大宗淡水鱼产业技术体系项目“福州综合试验站”(CARS-45-41)。

Ammonia Nitrogen: Effects on Acute Toxicity and Antioxidant Enzymes System in Liver of Juvenile of Allogynogenetic gibel carp‘CAS Ⅲ’

  • Received:2018-07-19 Revised:2018-09-11 Accepted:2018-09-25 Online:2019-03-20 Published:2019-03-20

摘要: 旨在研究氨氮对异育银鲫‘中科3号’的毒理作用,为生产提供可参考的理论依据。采用水生生物毒性方法,在室内静水条件下,开展氨氮对异育银鲫‘中科3号’幼鱼的急性毒性试验,并检测各组幼鱼肝脏组织中过氧化氢酶(CAT)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)和丙二醛(MDA)的变化情况。结果显示:异育银鲫‘中科3号’幼鱼经氨氮胁迫后,其24、48、96 h的总氨氮半致死浓度分别为276.51 mg/L、190.62 mg/L和148.62 mg/L,非离子氨半致死浓度分别为2.52 mg/L、1.74 mg/L、和1.36 mg/L;总氨氮安全浓度为14.87 mg/L,非离子氨安全浓度为0.14 mg/L。在氨氮胁迫下肝脏组织中MDA含量上升,比对照组提高了26.20%、18.68%和17.08%;而CAT和T-SOD活性则均显现先激活后抑制的趋势,高浓度、长时间氨氮胁迫对幼鱼肝脏抗氧化酶活性影响较大,导致机体抗氧化能力的减弱。研究结果表明,异育银鲫‘中科3号’对氨氮的耐受性高于青鱼、草鱼、鲢鱼和鲤鱼等其他常见大宗鱼类,但是氨氮急性胁迫破坏了幼鱼肝脏抗氧化系统,长期处于氨氮胁迫下将不利于幼鱼健康生长。

关键词: 稻田养鱼, 稻田养鱼, 福瑞鲤, 投饵, 生长, 经济效益

Abstract: The study aims at the toxicological effect of ammonia nitrogen on Allogeneic crucian carp‘CAS Ⅲ’. The aquatic organism toxicity method was used under hydrostatic condition indoor. The acute toxicity test of ammonia nitrogen on juvenile of Allogynogenetic gibel carp‘CAS Ⅲ ’was conducted, and the changes of catalase (CAT), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver tissues were tested. The results showed that after ammonia nitrogen stress, the median lethal concentration (LC50) of total ammonia nitrogen was 276.51 mg/L at 24 h, 190.62 mg/L at 48 h and 148.62 mg/L at 96 h, and the LC50 of un-ionized ammonia was 2.52 mg/L at 24 h, 1.74 mg/L at 48 h, and 1.36 mg/L at 96 h. The safe concentration of total ammonia nitrogen and un-ionized ammonia was 14.87 mg/L and 0.14 mg/L, respectively, for juvenile. Under ammonia nitrogen stress, the content of MDA in the liver increased by 26.20%, 18.68% and 17.08% compare with the control (P<0.05), but CAT and T- SOD appeared to be activated at first and then inhibited, and antioxidase was induced more significantly at relatively higher concentration of ammonia nitrogen and long time exposure, and it weakened the antioxidant capacity of the body. The results reveal that ammonia tolerance of Allogynogenetic gibel carp‘CAS Ⅲ’is higher than that of Mylopharyngodon piceus, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes, 1844), Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, and other conventional freshwater fish. However, acute ammonia nitrogen stress damaged the liver antioxidant system and it is harmful to the health and growth of juvenile fish.

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