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农学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (3): 59-64.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0033

所属专题: 生物技术

• 畜牧/兽医/水产 • 上一篇    下一篇

1龄加州鲈形态特征及其相关参数分析

安丽(), 张志山, 孟庆磊(), 董学飒, 朱树人, 朱永安   

  1. 山东省淡水渔业研究院/山东省淡水水产遗传育种重点实验室,济南 250117
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-06 修回日期:2020-09-12 出版日期:2022-03-20 发布日期:2022-03-22
  • 通讯作者: 孟庆磊 E-mail:ali325@163.com;qingleimeng@126.com
  • 作者简介:安丽,女,1982年出生,山东济宁人,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向为淡水鱼类遗传育种。通信地址:250117 山东省济南市槐荫区段店镇位里庄3号,E-mail: ali325@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目“加州鲈人工繁育及健康养殖技术研究”;山东省农业良种工程项目“大口黑鲈‘优鲈1号’人工繁育及绿色健康养殖技术研究”(2017LZN012)

Morphological Characteristics and Parameters of 1-year-old Micropterus salmoides

AN Li(), ZHANG Zhishan, MENG Qinglei(), DONG Xuesa, ZHU Shuren, ZHU Yong’an   

  1. Shandong Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Freshwater Genetics and Breeding, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
  • Received:2020-05-06 Revised:2020-09-12 Online:2022-03-20 Published:2022-03-22
  • Contact: MENG Qinglei E-mail:ali325@163.com;qingleimeng@126.com

摘要:

为全面了解加州鲈生物学特性,以期进一步丰富其生物学资料,为其分类和养殖提供科学依据,采用传统形态学方法和解剖学方法,观察和测量了其外部形态特征、可量和可数性状及内部结构特征。1龄加州鲈体型纺锤形,背部黑色,体侧青绿色,腹部白色,身体两侧分布有黑色条纹,身上布满栉鳞,其比肠长、比肠重和比内脏重分别为0.833、0.006和0.091。背鳍、尾鳍、臀鳍、腹鳍、胸鳍鳍条数分别为Ⅷ~Ⅸ,14~15、22~23、Ⅱ,10~12、Ⅰ,5、12~14。侧线鳞、侧线上鳞、侧线下鳞、第1鳃弓鳃耙数、幽门盲囊数、脊椎骨数分别为64~71、6~10、16~17,7~8,16~27,26~32。加州鲈全长(TL)与体重(BW)间关系模型:BW=2407-20.711TL+0.047TL2(R2=0.942);体高(BH)与体重(BW)间关系模型:BW=0.005BH2.591(R2=0.982)。体高、体宽和头高这3个形态性状是影响1龄加州鲈体重的重点性状。本研究结果为加州鲈的种质判别、系统分类、人工养殖和选择育种提供理论依据。

关键词: 加州鲈, 形态性状, 内部结构, 相关分析, 通径分析

Abstract:

To understand the biological characteristics of 1-year-old Micropterus salmoides, both external morphological traits and internal anatomy are investigated by using traditional methods of morphology and anatomy method. M. salmoides is spindle-shaped and covered with ctenoid scale. Its body shows black back, turquoise body side and white abdomen. There are black stripes on body. The ratio of intestine gut length to body length is 0.833, while the ratio of intestine and viscera weight to body weight is 0.006 and 0.091, respectively. Observed numbers of morphological characteristics of M. salmoides are: dorsal fins Ⅷ-Ⅸ(14-15), caudal fins 22-23, anal fins Ⅱ( 10-12), pelvic fins Ⅰ(5), pectoral fins 12~14, lateral line scales 64-71, the upper scales of lateral line 6-10, the lower scales of lateral line 16-17, the first gill arch raker 7-8, pyloric caecum 16-27, vertebrae 26-32. The correlation equation of total length (TL) and body weight (BW) is: BW=2407-20.711TL+0.047TL 2(R2=0.942). The correlation equation of body height and body weight is: BW=0.005BH2.591(R2=0.982). Body height, body width and head height are the main traits that affect body weight. The results could provide morphometric tools for species identification, systematic taxonomy, artificial propagation and variety breeding of M. salmoides.

Key words: Micropterus salmoides, morphological characteristics, internal structure, correlation analysis, path analysis

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