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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (12): 63-68.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2022-0107

所属专题： 农业气象

• 农业信息/农业气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

辽宁西部旱柳、榆树春季物候期对气候变暖的响应

王一1(), 战莘晔2, 李琳1, 陈思蒙1, 邹研1, 郭宗凯1()   

  1. 1辽宁省气象装备保障中心，沈阳 110166
    2鞍山市气象局，鞍山 114004
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-03 修回日期:2022-09-22 出版日期:2022-12-20 发布日期:2023-01-05
  • 通讯作者: 郭宗凯 E-mail:zzzz13504216029@163.com;zgl_6029@163.com
  • 作者简介:王一，男，1988年出生，河北沧州人，工程师，硕士研究生，主要从事气象观测。通信地址：110166 辽宁省气象装备保障中心，Tel：024- 83893265，E-mail：zzzz13504216029@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    辽宁省气象局科技项目“辽宁省观鸟、避暑、枫红、冰雪气象指数研究”(201710);科技部农业科技成果转化项目“农田土壤含水量监测预报技术推广应用”(05ESN217400412)

The Response of Spring Phenological Period of Salix matsudana and Ulmus pumila to Climate Warming in Western Liaoning

WANG Yi1(), ZHAN Shenye2, LI Lin1, CHEN Simeng1, ZOU Yan1, GUO Zongkai1()   

  1. 1Liaoning Meteorological Equipment Support Center, Shenyang 110166, Liaoning, China
    2Anshan Meteorological Administration, Anshan 114004, Liaoning, China
  • Received:2022-08-03 Revised:2022-09-22 Online:2022-12-20 Published:2023-01-05
  • Contact: GUO Zongkai E-mail:zzzz13504216029@163.com;zgl_6029@163.com

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摘要：

植物物候变化是气象和水文变化的敏感指标，气候变化是影响生态系统结构和功能的重要参数。研究植物物候变化对气候变暖的响应可为生态环境保护、大规模农业结构调整和旅游业发展提供参考。以辽西1980—2020年旱柳、榆树春季物候资料和局部气温资料为基础，采用线性趋势、线性回归等方法研究旱柳、榆树春季物候特征及其对气温变化的响应。结果表明：1980—2020年研究区年平均气温呈显著上升趋势，趋势速率为0.365℃/10 a，1—3月平均气温上升趋势为0.609℃/10 a。旱柳、榆树春季物候期提前显著。旱柳展叶始期、开花盛期分别以-2.642 d/10 a、-2.966 d/10 a倾向率提前;榆树开花盛期、展叶始期分别以-4.008 d/10 a、-5.242 d/10 a倾向率提前。3月和2—3月气温与旱柳、榆树春季展叶期、开花盛期相关显著，是影响物候期的主要因子。当平均气温每变化1℃，旱柳展叶期、开花盛期提前0.8~1.5天，榆树展叶期、开花盛期提前0.7~1.4天。研究结果可为农时预报服务、农业管理提供参考。

关键词: 旱柳, 榆树, 物候期, 气候变暖, 辽宁西部

Abstract:

The phenological changes of plants are sensitive indicators of meteorological and hydrological changes, and the climate change is an important parameter that affects the structure and function of ecosystems. Studying the response of plant phenological changes to climate warming can provide reference for ecological environmental protection, large-scale agricultural structure adjustment and tourism development. Based on the spring phenological data of Salix matsudana and Ulmus pumila, as well as the local temperature data in western Liaoning Province from 1980 to 2020, the phenological characteristics of Salix matsudana and Ulmus pumila in spring and their responses to temperature changes were studied by the methods of linear trend and linear regression. The results showed that from 1980 to 2020, the annual average temperature in the study area showed a significantly upward trend, with a trend rate of 0.365°C/10a, and the average temperature increasing trend of January-March was 0.609°C/10a. The phenological period of Salix matsudana and Ulmus pumila in spring was significantly advanced. The initial leaf-expanding period and the peak flowering period of Salix matsudana were earlier by -2.642d/10a and -2.966d/10a respectively in tendency rate; while the peak flowering period and the initial leaf-expanding period of Ulmus pumila were earlier by-4.008d/10a and -5.242d/10a respectively in tendency rate. The temperature in March and February-March was significantly correlated with the leaf-expansion period and the peak flowering period of Salix matsudana and Ulmus pumila in spring, and was the main factor affecting the phenological period. When the average temperature changed by 1°C, the leaf-expanding period and peak flowering period of Salix matsudana were 0.8-1.5 days earlier, and the leaf-expanding period and peak flowering period of Ulmus pumila were 0.7-1.4 days earlier. The research results can provide reference for farming season forecast and agricultural management.

Key words: Salix matsudana, Ulmus pumila, phenological period, climate warming, western Liaoning

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