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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (11): 43-48.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2022-0174

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

红塔区花卉耕层土壤有机质含量与其他养分相关性研究

田晶华1(), 郭凤鸣2(), 陈克龙1, 廖萍3, 杨云2   

  1. 1 玉溪市红塔区种植业发展服务中心，云南玉溪 653100
    2 玉溪市红塔区农业农村综合开发服务中心，云南玉溪 653100
    3 玉溪市红塔区农产品质量安全检测站，云南玉溪 653100
  • 收稿日期:2022-12-07 修回日期:2023-02-13 出版日期:2023-11-20 发布日期:2023-11-15
  • 通讯作者: 郭凤鸣
  • 作者简介:

    田晶华，女，1975年出生，云南玉溪人，高级农艺师，本科，研究方向：土壤肥料、农作物栽培技术。通信地址：653100 云南省玉溪市红塔区红塔大道25号 玉溪市红塔区种植业发展服务中心，Tel：0877-2010850，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    云南省人民政府“一县一业”示范县项目“红塔区花卉产业检验检测综合服务平台建设项目”(云政办函{2019}123号)

The Correlation Between Organic Matter Content and Other Nutrients in Flower Cultivated Soil Layer in Hongta District

TIAN Jinghua1(), GUO Fengming2(), CHEN Kelong1, LIAO Ping3, YANG Yun2   

  1. 1 Yuxi Hongta District Planting Development Service Center, Yuxi 653100, Yunnan, China
    2 Yuxi Hongta District Agricultural and Rural Comprehensive Development Service Center, Yuxi 653100, Yunnan, China
    3 Yuxi Hongta District Agricultural Product Quality Safety Inspection Station, Yuxi 653100, Yunnan, China
  • Received:2022-12-07 Revised:2023-02-13 Online:2023-11-20 Published:2023-11-15

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摘要：

为解决红塔区花卉生产中轻施有机肥的突出问题，通过分析有机质与其他养分因子间的关系，找出施用有机肥培肥地力的科学依据。在7个花卉主要种植区采集有代表性的耕层土样50个，对土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮等13项指标进行测定分析。结果表明：（1）花卉耕层土壤有机质含量在5.9~49.7 g/kg之间，平均29.53 g/kg，95%置信区为26.59~32.47 g/kg，同时确定了其他12项养分指标的变幅、平均值、95%置信区。（2）有机质含量丰富、较丰富水平的在30.1~49.7 g/kg之间，平均37.90 g/kg，占48%，适合红塔区花卉种植；中等到极缺水平的在5.9~29.8 g/kg之间，平均21.80 g/kg，占52%，是有机肥培肥地力的重点部分。（3）土壤有机质含量与pH、全氮、有效磷、有效锌、缓效钾、交换性镁、有效铁、交换性钙共8个指标有正相关关系，均达显著水平以上，通过回归分析，均得出回归方程y=a+bx，方程式经方差分析均达显著以上水平，回归系数经t测验P值均小于0.05，证明有机质含量对8项养分指标有显著以上的影响。因此，红塔区花卉生产中，可以通过增施有机肥，提高有机质含量，增加全氮、有效磷、有效锌、缓效钾、交换性镁、有效铁、交换性钙的含量。并应用8个回归方程通过测定有机质、pH，快速得出全氮、有效磷、有效锌、缓效钾、交换性镁、有效铁、交换性钙的含量，及时科学指导花卉施肥。

关键词: 花卉, 有机质, 土壤养分, 相关性

Abstract:

To solve prominent problems of simplified application of organic fertilizers in flower production in Hongta District, a scientific basis for soil fertility cultivation with organic fertilizers was studied by analyzing the relationship between organic matter and other nutrient factors. 50 representative soil samples were collected from 7 major flower growing areas, and 13 indicators such as soil organic matter, total nitrogen and alkaline nitrogen were measured and analyzed. The conclusions are as follows. (1) The organic matter content of soil in the cultivated layer of flowers ranged from 5.9 to 49.7 g/kg, with an average of 29.53 g/kg and a 95% confidence zone of 26.59-32.47 g/kg; and the variation range, average value and 95% confidence zone of the other 12 nutrient indicators were also determined. (2) Soil samples with organic matter content ranged from 30.1 to 49.7 g/kg (with an average of 37.90 g/kg) were classified into organic matter rich or relatively rich levels, accounting for 48% of the total samples, and areas represented by these samples were suitable for flower cultivation in Hongta; soil samples with organic matter content ranged from 5.9 to 29.8 g/kg (with an average of 21.80 g/kg) belonged to medium to very poor levels, accounting for 52% of the total, and areas represented by these samples were the crucial part of soil fertility cultivation with organic fertilizers. (3) The organic matter content of soil had positive correlations with pH, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available zinc, slow-release potassium, exchangeable magnesium, available iron, and exchangeable calcium, a total of eight indicators, and all the correlations reached a significant level or more; through regression analysis, the regression equation y=a+bx was obtained, and the equation by ANOVA reached a significant level or more; the regression coefficient by t-test P value was less than 0.05, indicating that the organic matter content had significant impact on the eight nutrient indicators. Therefore, in flower production in Hongta District, applying more organic fertilizers could increase the soil organic matter content, as well as the content of total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available zinc, slow-release potassium, exchangeable magnesium, available iron and exchangeable calcium. 8 regression equations could be used to quickly obtain the content of total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available zinc, slow-release potassium, exchangeable magnesium, available iron and exchangeable calcium through the determination of organic matter and pH, thus providing timely guidance to flower fertilization.

Key words: flowers, organic matter, soil nutrients, correlation