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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (6): 39-47.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0010

• 林学 园艺 园林 食用菌 • 上一篇    下一篇

新疆不同杜仲品种光合特性分析及生产性能比较

陈润峰1,2(), 张龑1(), 高强1(), 徐麟1, 严青青1, 曾军3   

  1. 1 新疆农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所，乌鲁木齐 830091
    2 新疆农业大学农学院，乌鲁木齐 830052
    3 新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所，乌鲁木齐 830091
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-15 修回日期:2024-03-17 出版日期:2024-06-19 发布日期:2024-06-19
  • 通讯作者:
    张龑，男，1981年出生，新疆石河子人，高级农艺师，硕士，主要研究方向：种质资源收集与创新。通信地址：830091 新疆维吾尔自治区南昌路403号 新疆农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所，E-mail：；
    高强，男，1988年出生，新疆乌鲁木齐人，副研究员，硕士，主要研究方向为种质资源收集与创新。通信地址：830091 新疆维吾尔自治区南昌路403号 新疆农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    陈润峰，男，1998年出生，河南郑州人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向：种质资源收集与创新。通信地址：830091 新疆维吾尔自治区南昌路403号 新疆农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所，E-mail：.

  • 基金资助:
    新疆科技支疆项目“饲用杜仲筛选及猪无抗养殖集成示范”(2020E02102); 新疆农业科学院自主培育项目“新疆农作物种质资源优异特性挖掘与利用”(nkyzzkj-008)

Comparison of Photosynthetic Characteristics and Production Performance of Different Varieties of Eucommia ulmoides in Xinjiang

CHEN Runfeng1,2(), ZHANG Yan1(), GAO Qiang1(), XU Lin1, YAN Qingqing1, ZENG Jun3   

  1. 1 Institute of Crop Germplasm Resource, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, China
    2 Agricultural College of Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
    3 Microbial Application Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2024-01-15 Revised:2024-03-17 Online:2024-06-19 Published:2024-06-19

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摘要：

本研究旨在综合分析塔城地区沙湾市试种的4个杜仲品种的光合特性和生产性能。在杜仲光合活跃期（6月）测定4个杜仲品种叶片的叶绿素浓度、净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)以及胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、叶片数量和叶片长宽，采收后（10月）对其单株叶片的鲜重和干重以及叶片内的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、总糖、木脂素、绿原酸、总黄酮含量进行检测，并进行方差分析、相关分析和主成分分析。研究发现，由于塔城地区干旱的原因，抗旱性较好的‘秦仲2号’、‘秦仲3号’综合光合性能优于‘秦仲1号’、‘秦仲4号’。4个杜仲品种粗蛋白、粗脂肪和总糖含量分别为417.87~456.97、265.63~317.31、68.47~79.19 mg/g，木脂素、绿原酸和总黄酮含量区间分别73.26~78.89、3.04~3.76、1.66~1.96 mg/g。主成分分析发现，‘秦仲3号’的综合得分最高，生产性能最好。在6月Pn最高的品种是‘秦仲2号’，光合性能最优，其余3个品种Pn无显著性差异。‘秦仲1号’叶产量和质量均较低，‘秦仲2号’和‘秦仲3号’的单株叶片干重同为4个品种中最高，‘秦仲3号’相对‘秦仲2号’品质更高；‘秦仲4号’的营养含量高，但叶产量极低。综上所述，‘秦仲3号’最适合作为塔城地区的叶用杜仲品种。

关键词: 杜仲, 新疆, 光合性能, 生产性能, 品种筛选, 主成分分析

Abstract:

In order to comprehensively analyze the photosynthetic characteristics and production performance of four varieties of Eucommia, the experiment was carried out in Shawan City of Tacheng area. The chlorophyll concentration, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), leaf number and leaf length and width of four varieties were measured during the photosynthetic active period (June). The fresh weight and dry weight of leaves and the contents of crude protein, crude fat, total sugar, lignan, chlorogenic acid and total flavone in leaves were measured after harvesting (October), and analysis of variance (ANOVA), correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed. It was found that the comprehensive photosynthetic performance of ‘Qinzhong 2’ and ‘Qinzhong 3’ with better drought resistance was better than that of ‘Qinzhong 1’ and ‘Qinzhong 4’ due to drought in Tacheng area. The crude protein, crude fat and total sugar contents of the four varieties were 417.87-456.97, 265.63-317.31 and 68.47-79.19 mg/g, respectively. The contents of lignan, chlorogenic acid and total flavonoids ranged from 73.26-78.89, 3.04-3.76 and 1.66-1.96 mg/g, respectively. Through principal component analysis, it was found that ‘Qinzhong 3’ had the highest comprehensive score and the best production performance. The variety with the highest Pn in June was ‘Qinzhong 2’ with the best light and performance, while the Pn of other three varieties had no significant difference. The leaf yield and quality of ‘Qinzhong 1’ were lower, the leaf dry weight per plant of ‘Qinzhong 2’ and ‘Qinzhong 3’ were the highest among the four varieties, and ‘Qinzhong 3’ had higher quality than ‘Qinzhong 2’. The nutrient content of ‘Qinzhong 4’ was high, but the leaf yield was extremely low. The preliminary evaluation indicated that ‘Qinzhong 3’ was the most suitable variety for leaf use in Tacheng area.

Key words: Eucommia ulmoides, Xinjiang, photosynthetic performance, production performance, variety screening, principal component analysis