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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (11): 8-14.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0157

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

城乡交错区农田小麦对土壤镉、铬、铅富集与转运能力差异性研究

薛志伟1(), 王丹2, 王昌国1, 胡俊敏3, 杨春玲1()   

  1. 1 安阳市农业科学院，河南安阳 455000
    2 河南省濮阳市农林科学院，河南濮阳 457099
    3 河南省焦作市种子站，河南焦作 454000
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-26 修回日期:2024-11-21 出版日期:2025-11-19 发布日期:2025-11-19
  • 通讯作者:
    杨春玲，女，1966年出生，河南内黄人，研究员，本科，研究方向：小麦新品种选育和相关研究，通信地址：455000 河南省安阳市文峰区文明大道833号，Tel：0372-2529357，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    薛志伟，女，1987年出生，河南浚县人，助理研究员，硕士，研究方向：小麦新品种选育和相关研究。通信地址：455000 河南省安阳市文峰区文明大道833号，Tel：0372-2529357，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系“小麦全产业链绿色优质高效生产技术模式研究”(CARS-03)

Study on Differences of Enrichment and Transfer Abilities of Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), and Lead (Pb) in Wheat Grown in Rural-urban Agricultural Areas

XUE Zhiwei1(), WANG Dan2, WANG Changguo1, HU Junmin3, YANG Chunling1()   

  1. 1 Anyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan 455000
    2 Puyang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Puyang, Henan 457099
    3 Jiaozuo Seed Station, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000
  • Received:2024-07-26 Revised:2024-11-21 Online:2025-11-19 Published:2025-11-19

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摘要： 在中国经济高速发展和城市化快速推进的背景下，土壤重金属污染问题日益严重，对植物生长和生态系统健康产生的潜在影响引起了学术界的广泛关注。小麦作为中国的主要粮食作物，其安全生产对国家粮食安全至关重要。本研究采用现场调查与室内分析相结合的方法，对安阳市城乡交错区农田土壤的污染状况及冬小麦成熟期各器官中重金属的分布特征进行了深入分析。结果表明：农田土壤中重金属镉、铬、铅含量分别为0.87、8.29、16.21 mg/kg。镉、铬、铅的单因子污染指数分别为1.45、0.10、0.03。在小麦植株中重金属镉、铬、铅的累积总量分别为0.75、29.61、7.08 mg/kg。小麦植株对不同重金属的吸收和转运能力存在差异。在小麦植株中，根对镉、铬、铅的富集能力最强，籽粒的富集能力相对较弱。茎对镉、铬、铅的转运能力均最强，其次是叶和壳，籽粒的转运能力最弱。相关分析表明，不同重金属在小麦植株体内的吸收、积累和转运过程之间存在显著的相互作用，影响着小麦对重金属的整体响应。城乡交错区农田土壤的整体污染状况保持在良好水平，未发现明显的重金属污染问题。

关键词: 土壤重金属污染, 小麦, 城乡交错区, 农田, 镉、铬、铅, 富集, 转运

Abstract:

In the context of China’s rapid economic development and rapid urbanization, the problem of soil heavy metal pollution becomes more and more serious, and the potential impact on plant growth and ecosystem health has aroused widespread concern in academia. As the main food crop in China, the safe production of wheat is very important to national food security. In this study, the pollution status of farmland soil and the distribution characteristics of heavy metals in various organs of winter wheat at maturity in the rural-urban area of Anyang City were analyzed by field investigation and indoor analysis. The results showed that the contents of Cd, Cr and Pb in farmland soil were 0.87, 8.29 and 16.21 mg/kg, respectively. The single factor pollution indexes of Cd, Cr and Pb were 1.45, 0.10 and 0.03, respectively. The total accumulation of heavy metals Cd, Cr and Pb in wheat plants was 0.75, 29.61 and 7.08 mg/kg, respectively. There were differences in the absorption and transport capacity of different heavy metals in wheat plants. In wheat plants, the enrichment ability of roots to Cd, Cr and Pb was the strongest, and the enrichment ability of grains was relatively weak. The transport capacity of stems to Cd, Cr and Pb was the strongest, followed by leaves and shells, and the transport capacity of grains was the weakest. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant interaction between the absorption, accumulation and transport of different heavy metals in wheat plants, which affected the overall response of wheat to heavy metals. The overall pollution status of farmland soil in the rural-urban area remained at a good level, and no obvious heavy metal pollution was found.

Key words: soil heavy metal pollution, wheat, rural-urban area, farmland, Cd, Cr, Pb, enrichment, transportation