Loss-control Additive Amount in Urea: Effects on Nitrogen Utilization and Yield of Summer Maize

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190700122

Abstract

Abstract:

The paper aims to study the appropriate amount of loss-control additives in urea. Taking nitrogen-free treatment (CK) and common urea treatment (CU) as control, we studied the effects of urea with 1%-6% loss-control additive (typeⅠ-Ⅵ) on the yield and nitrogen use efficiency of summer maize. The results showed that: nitrogen fertilizer could significantly affect the yield and biomass of summer maize; with the same amount nitrogen, the concentration of loss-control additives significantly promoted the biomass of summer maize, the yield and biomass of summer maize were greatly improved by 4% loss-control additive; the average yield of summer maize under 4% loss-control additive (type Ⅳ) in 2016 and 2017 was increased by 7.80% compared with that of CU, while the average biomass was increased by 10.30%; the highest nitrogen uptake was observed at urea with 5% loss-control additive; the highest nitrogen use efficiency, nitrogen agronomic efficiency, nitrogen partial productivity were observed at 4% loss-control additive (type Ⅳ). In conclusion, urea with 4% loss-control additive could achieve the highest yield and nitrogen use efficiency of summer maize, the optimal addition concentration of loss-control additive in urea is 4.81% by fitting the loss-controlled urea and the yield of summer maize.

Key words: Summer Maize, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, Yield, Loss-controlled Urea, Loss-control Additive, Optimum Amount

CLC Number:

S143.1+6

Cui Shuangshuang, Sun Zeqiang, Wang Xuejun, Dong Xiaoxia, Liu Shenglin, Tian Shenzhong, Liu Zhixin. Loss-control Additive Amount in Urea: Effects on Nitrogen Utilization and Yield of Summer Maize[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2021, 11(11): 41-47.

Figures/Tables 6

References 27

[1]	唐国勇, 黄道友, 童成立, 等. 土壤氮素循环模型及其模拟研究进展[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(11):2208-2212.
[2]	陈新平, 周金池, 王兴仁, 等. 小麦—玉米轮作制中氮肥效应模型的选择-经济和环境效益分析[J]. 土壤学报, 2000, 37(3):346-354.
[3]	李志博, 王起超, 陈静, 等. 农业生态系统的氮素循环研究进展[J]. 土壤与环境, 2002, 11(4):417-421.
[4]	沈善敏. 氮肥在中国农业发展中的贡献和农业中氮的损失[J]. 土壤学报, 2002, 39(增刊):12-25.
[5]	张卫峰, 马林, 黄高强, 等. 中国氮肥发展、贡献和挑战[J]. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(15):3161-3171.
[6]	Jin J Y. Change in the efficiency of fertilizer use in China[J]. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2012, 92(5):1006-1009. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.v92.5 URL
[7]	Sangakkara R, Attanayake K B, Stamp P. Impact of locally derived organic materials and method of addition on maize yields and nitrogen use efficiencies in major and minor seasons of tropical South Asia[J]. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2008, 39(17/18):2584-2596. doi: 10.1080/00103620802358623 URL
[8]	王飞, 马辰, 张爱媛, 等. 不同氮素水平下添加纳米碳增效剂对玉米氮肥利用率及产量影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2015, 31(33):74-78.
[9]	赵秉强, 传统化肥增效改性提升产品性能与功能[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2016, 22(1):1-7.
[10]	GallowayJN, DententenerFJ, CaponeDG. et al. Nitrogencycles:Past,present,andfuture[J]. Biogeochemistry, 2004, 70(2):153-226.
[11]	王宜伦, 白由路, 王磊, 等. 基于养分专家系统的小麦-玉米推荐施肥效应研究[J]. 中国农业科学, 2015, 48(22):4483-4492.
[12]	王国文, 郭景丽, 姜瑛, 等. 施用控失尿素对土壤养分含量及水稻产量的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2015, 44(10):73-75.
[13]	Khattak R A, Muhammad D. Increasing crop production through humic acid in salt affected soils in Kohat division (NWFP).First Technical Progress Report[R]. Islamabad: Pakistan Agricultural Research, 2005: 93.
[14]	周丽平, 杨俐苹, 白由路, 等. 不同氮肥缓释化处理对夏玉米田间氨挥发和氮素利用的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2016, 22(6):1449-1457.
[15]	孙克刚, 郭跃升, 李玉顺, 等. 控失尿素在夏玉米上的应用效果研究[J]. 磷肥与复肥, 2015, 30(1):51-52.
[16]	杨威, 梅沛沛, 井宇航, 等. 几种新型肥料对玉米产量和氮磷吸收的影响[J]. 河南科技学院学报, 2017, 5(45):8-15.
[17]	黄智鸿, 王思远, 包岩, 等. 超高产玉米品种干物质积累与分配特点的研究[J]. 玉米科学, 2007, 15(3):095-098.
[18]	李兆君, 杨佳佳, 范菲菲, 等. 不同施肥条件下覆膜对玉米干物质积累及吸磷量的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2011, 17(3):571-577.
[19]	赵营, 同延安, 赵护兵. 不同供氮水平对夏玉米养分累积、转运及产量的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2006, 12(5):622-627.
[20]	宋海星, 李生秀. 玉米生长量、养分吸收量及氮肥利用率的动态变化[J]. 中国农业科学, 2003, 36(1):71-76.
[21]	王火焰, 周健民. 肥料养分真实利用率计算与施肥策略[J]. 土壤学报, 2014, 51(2):216-225.
[22]	Artacho P, Bonomelli C, Meza F. Nitrogen application in irrigated rice grown in mediterranean conditions: Effects on grain yield, dry matter production,nitrogen uptake, and nitrogen use efficiency[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 2009, 32(9):1574-1593. doi: 10.1080/01904160903094339 URL
[23]	于飞, 施卫明. 近10年中国大陆主要粮食作物氮肥利用率分析[J]. 土壤学报, 2015, 52(6):1311-1324.
[24]	王秀斌, 徐新朋, 孙刚, 等. 氮肥用量对双季稻产量和氮肥利用率的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2013, 19(6):1279-1286.
[25]	李方敏, 樊小林, 陈文东. 控释肥对水稻产量和氮肥利用效率的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2005, 11(4):494-500.
[26]	张爱华, 张钦, 杨爽, 等. 新型尿素对玉米产量及养分积累、利用的影响[J]. 玉米科学, 2018(5):137-142.
[27]	Guo L W, Ning T Y, Nie L P, et al. Interaction of deep placed controlled-release urea and water retention agent on nitrogen and water use and maize yield[J]. European Journal of Agronomy, 2016, 75:118-129. doi: 10.1016/j.eja.2016.01.010 URL

取样时间(年.月)	试验地	土壤类型	碱解氮/(mg/kg)	有效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)	pH	Ec/(mS/cm)
2016.6	东营市	砂质潮土	58.11	11.44	248.30	8.33	0.45
2017.6	济宁市	潮褐土	54.64	17.43	95.75	8.50	0.61

取样时间(年.月)	试验地	土壤类型	碱解氮/(mg/kg)	有效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)	pH	Ec/(mS/cm)
2016.6	东营市	砂质潮土	58.11	11.44	248.30	8.33	0.45
2017.6	济宁市	潮褐土	54.64	17.43	95.75	8.50	0.61

处理	肥料氮利用率/%			氮肥农学效率/(kg/kg)			氮肥偏生产力/(kg/kg)
处理	2016	2017	平均	2016	2017	平均	2016	2017	平均
CK
CU	12.26	6.83	9.54	2.81	5.42	4.12	34.50	64.36	49.43
LCU1	9.31	10.11	9.71	3.07	4.88	3.98	34.76	63.82	49.29
LCU2	18.56	15.16	16.86	3.58	5.59	4.58	35.27	64.53	49.90
LCU3	13.73	21.72	17.73	3.58	6.26	4.41	35.27	65.19	49.72
LCU4	15.83	27.77	21.80	7.16	8.47	7.81	38.84	67.40	53.12
LCU5	21.24	21.11	21.17	6.64	8.63	7.63	38.33	67.56	52.95
LCU6	13.03	16.87	14.95	3.58	6.21	4.89	35.27	65.14	50.20

处理	肥料氮利用率/%			氮肥农学效率/(kg/kg)			氮肥偏生产力/(kg/kg)
处理	2016	2017	平均	2016	2017	平均	2016	2017	平均
CK
CU	12.26	6.83	9.54	2.81	5.42	4.12	34.50	64.36	49.43
LCU1	9.31	10.11	9.71	3.07	4.88	3.98	34.76	63.82	49.29
LCU2	18.56	15.16	16.86	3.58	5.59	4.58	35.27	64.53	49.90
LCU3	13.73	21.72	17.73	3.58	6.26	4.41	35.27	65.19	49.72
LCU4	15.83	27.77	21.80	7.16	8.47	7.81	38.84	67.40	53.12
LCU5	21.24	21.11	21.17	6.64	8.63	7.63	38.33	67.56	52.95
LCU6	13.03	16.87	14.95	3.58	6.21	4.89	35.27	65.14	50.20

处理	千粒重/g		2016		2017
处理	2016	2017	产量/(t/hm²)	增产/%	产量/(t/hm²)	增产/%
CK	276	361	7.13±0.12b	-8.15	10.61±0.02b	-8.44
CU	272	369	7.76±0.17ab		11.59±0.22a
LCU1	264	381	7.82±0.12ab	0.74	11.49±0.20a	-0.84
LCU2	269	389	7.93±0.87ab	2.22	11.62±0.24a	0.26
LCU3	276	380	7.94±0.69ab	2.22	11.74±0.32a	1.29
LCU4	272	373	8.74±0.41a	12.59	12.13±0.11a	4.72
LCU5	279	384	8.63±0.34a	11.11	12.16±0.31a	4.96
LCU6	273	367	7.94±0.72ab	2.22	11.73±0.48a	1.21