Effects of Different Sowing Dates on Dry Matter Accumulation and Transport and Yield of Wheat ‘Taikemai 31'

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2022-0128

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of different sowing dates on dry matter accumulation and transport, leaf area index (LAI), grain filling rate and yield structure of a new wheat variety ‘Taikemai 31', experiments with different sowing dates were conducted in the wheat growing season from 2019 to 2021. The dry matter accumulation, leaf area index (LAI), grain filling rate and yield structure of ‘Taikemai 31' at different growth stages were measured under different sowing dates (September 30, October10, October 20 and October 30), which were denoted as SD1, SD2, SD3 and SD4. The results showed that, under SD2 treatment, ‘Taikemai 31' had the highest dry matter accumulation in the whole growth period, and the highest dry matter accumulation from jointing to flowering and from flowering to maturity; the contribution rate of dry matter accumulation after anthesis to grains was SD2>SD1>SD3>SD4. In the overwintering stage and returning to green stage, the effect of sowing date on leaf area index of ‘Taikemai 31' was SD1>SD2>SD3>SD4, but after returning to green stage, the effect on leaf area index was SD2>SD3>SD1>SD4. The grain filling rate of the variety increased rapidly during the 15th-25th day at grain filling stage, and reached the highest on the 25th day. The grain filling rate increased slowly during the 25th-30th day, and the grain filling growth under SD4 treatment was significantly higher than that under other sowing dates. The yield of ‘Taikemai 31' was the highest under SD2 treatment, and the correlation analysis showed that the highest spike number was conducive to the highest yield under SD2.

Key words: wheat, sowing date, ‘Taikemai 31’, dry matter, yield

CUI Zhaoyun, ZOU Junli, XU Yi, YIN Xundong, LV Guangde. Effects of Different Sowing Dates on Dry Matter Accumulation and Transport and Yield of Wheat ‘Taikemai 31'[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2023, 13(8): 11-17.

Figures/Tables 6

References 25

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年份	处理	出苗—冬前		冬前—拔节		拔节—开花		开花—成熟
年份	处理	DAA/(kg/hm²)	占比/%	DAA/(kg/hm²)	占比/%	DAA/(kg/hm²)	占比/%	DAA/(kg/hm²)	占比/%
2019— 2020	SD1	1496a	9.8	3449a	22.6	5062a	33.1	5277a	34.5
	SD2	788b	5.0	4089a	25.7	5195a	32.7	5831a	36.7
	SD3	705b	5.5	2996b	23.4	4924a	38.5	4155b	32.5
	SD4	420c	4.0	1247c	11.8	5064a	47.9	3850b	36.4
2020— 2021	SD1	906a	7.6	2884a	24.2	3528b	29.6	4600b	38.6
	SD2	827a	6.0	2701a	19.6	4825a	35.0	5452a	39.5
	SD3	827a	7.2	2148b	18.6	4569ab	39.5	4016c	34.7
	SD4	709a	7.0	2123b	21.1	3849b	38.2	3395d	33.7

年份	处理	出苗—冬前		冬前—拔节		拔节—开花		开花—成熟
年份	处理	DAA/(kg/hm²)	占比/%	DAA/(kg/hm²)	占比/%	DAA/(kg/hm²)	占比/%	DAA/(kg/hm²)	占比/%
2019— 2020	SD1	1496a	9.8	3449a	22.6	5062a	33.1	5277a	34.5
	SD2	788b	5.0	4089a	25.7	5195a	32.7	5831a	36.7
	SD3	705b	5.5	2996b	23.4	4924a	38.5	4155b	32.5
	SD4	420c	4.0	1247c	11.8	5064a	47.9	3850b	36.4
2020— 2021	SD1	906a	7.6	2884a	24.2	3528b	29.6	4600b	38.6
	SD2	827a	6.0	2701a	19.6	4825a	35.0	5452a	39.5
	SD3	827a	7.2	2148b	18.6	4569ab	39.5	4016c	34.7
	SD4	709a	7.0	2123b	21.1	3849b	38.2	3395d	33.7

年份	处理	籽粒干物质积累量/ (kg/hm²)	花前贮藏同化物			花后干物质
年份	处理	籽粒干物质积累量/ (kg/hm²)	转运量/ (kg/hm²)	转运效率/%	贡献率/%	积累量/ (kg/hm²)	贡献率/%
2019— 2020	SD1	8351a	3075a	30.7bc	36.8b	5277a	63.2ab
	SD2	8535a	2704a	26.7c	31.7b	5831a	68.3a
	SD3	7405b	3250a	37.7b	43.8ab	4155b	56.2b
	SD4	7262b	3412a	50.7a	47.0a	3850b	53.0b
2020— 2021	SD1	7676b	3076a	42.0b	40.1b	4600b	59.9b
	SD2	8132a	2680a	32.0c	33.0c	5452a	67.0a
	SD3	6986c	2969a	39.4b	42.5ab	4016c	57.5b
	SD4	6510d	3115a	46.6a	47.9a	3395d	52.1b

年份	处理	籽粒干物质积累量/ (kg/hm²)	花前贮藏同化物			花后干物质
年份	处理	籽粒干物质积累量/ (kg/hm²)	转运量/ (kg/hm²)	转运效率/%	贡献率/%	积累量/ (kg/hm²)	贡献率/%
2019— 2020	SD1	8351a	3075a	30.7bc	36.8b	5277a	63.2ab
	SD2	8535a	2704a	26.7c	31.7b	5831a	68.3a
	SD3	7405b	3250a	37.7b	43.8ab	4155b	56.2b
	SD4	7262b	3412a	50.7a	47.0a	3850b	53.0b
2020— 2021	SD1	7676b	3076a	42.0b	40.1b	4600b	59.9b
	SD2	8132a	2680a	32.0c	33.0c	5452a	67.0a
	SD3	6986c	2969a	39.4b	42.5ab	4016c	57.5b
	SD4	6510d	3115a	46.6a	47.9a	3395d	52.1b

年份	处理	穗数/ (×10⁴/hm²)	穗粒数/粒	千粒重/g	籽粒产量/ (kg/hm²)
2019—2020	SD1	705.4b	30.4b	44.2ab	9382a
	SD2	725.3a	28.4b	36.9b	9641a
	SD3	611.4c	30.7b	40.5b	9104b
	SD4	587.6d	41.7a	45.0a	8662c
2020—2021	SD1	532.7b	44.9a	36.2a	8699b
	SD2	606.2a	33.4b	28.1b	9022a
	SD3	512.9c	47.3a	32.8ab	8219c
	SD4	464.3d	47.1a	37.2a	7655d
相关性分析	穗数	-	-0.940^**	-0.634^*	0.951^**
	穗粒数	-0.940^**	-	0.814^**	-0.902^**
	千粒重	-0.634^*	0.814^**	-	-0.650^*
	产量	0.951^**	-0.902^**	-0.650^*	-