Effects of Organic Fertilizer Replacing Chemical Fertilizer on Peach Yield and Quality and Soil Fertility

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2022-0064

Abstract

Abstract:

According to current status of chemical fertilizer application in peach orchards in Linyi, this paper explores the impact of organic fertilizer replacing part of chemical fertilizer on soil nutrient content, tree nutrient level, fruit quality and yield in peach orchards, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for reducing the use of chemical fertilizer, and improving soil environment in peach orchards and peach fruit quality. A field experiment was carried out in 6-year-old peach orchards. Three gradients of organic fertilizer replacing amount of 40%, 70% and 100% were set to determine the effects of organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer on peach yield, quality and soil fertility compared with the whole application of chemical fertilizers. The results showed that in peach production, the organic fertilizer replacing amount of 40% in peach orchards about 6-year-old was more appropriate, which could promote the vegetative growth and development of peach trees most obviously and improve the fruit quality significantly, and the yield was also the highest. The yield increased by 5961.0 kg/hm² compared with that under the application of chemical fertilizer alone, with an increase rate of 17.6%; and the yield increased by 7105.5 kg/hm² compared with that under the application of organic fertilizer alone, with an increase rate of 21.0%. Therefore, organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer by 40% is recommended for popularization in peach production in Linyi.

Key words: peach, organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, soil, quality, yield

TANG Hongjie, WANG Peng, JIAO Shengqun, LI Jihui, WEI Ping, LIU Yushan. Effects of Organic Fertilizer Replacing Chemical Fertilizer on Peach Yield and Quality and Soil Fertility[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2023, 13(6): 55-59.

Figures/Tables 7

References 30

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处理	肥料配比	每棵树用量（等氮量换算）	使用方法
处理	肥料配比	每棵树用量（等氮量换算）	萌芽期	膨大期
T₁	40%有机肥+60%复合肥	6.8 kg有机肥+0.9 kg复合肥	6.8 kg有机肥和0.6 kg复合肥作为基肥	0.3 kg作为追肥
T₂	70%有机肥+30%复合肥	11.90 kg有机肥+0.45 kg复合肥	11.9 kg有机肥和0.3 kg复合肥作为基肥	0.15 kg作为追肥
T₃	100%有机肥	17.0 kg有机肥	17.0 kg有机肥作为基肥，一次施入	-
CK	100%复合肥	1.5 kg复合肥	1.0 kg复合肥作为基肥	0.5 kg作为追肥

处理	肥料配比	每棵树用量（等氮量换算）	使用方法
处理	肥料配比	每棵树用量（等氮量换算）	萌芽期	膨大期
T₁	40%有机肥+60%复合肥	6.8 kg有机肥+0.9 kg复合肥	6.8 kg有机肥和0.6 kg复合肥作为基肥	0.3 kg作为追肥
T₂	70%有机肥+30%复合肥	11.90 kg有机肥+0.45 kg复合肥	11.9 kg有机肥和0.3 kg复合肥作为基肥	0.15 kg作为追肥
T₃	100%有机肥	17.0 kg有机肥	17.0 kg有机肥作为基肥，一次施入	-
CK	100%复合肥	1.5 kg复合肥	1.0 kg复合肥作为基肥	0.5 kg作为追肥

处理	pH	有机质含量/(g/kg)	全氮含量/(g/kg)	速效磷含量/(mg/kg)	速效钾含量/(mg/kg)	碱解氮含量/(mg/kg)
T₁	6.28	13.24	1.11	31.92	98.63	72.15
T₂	6.46	14.01	1.20	33.26	96.22	86.96
T₃	6.63	15.88	1.42	33.48	106.42	89.73
CK	5.96	11.96	1.18	36.54	104.75	78.62
O	6.58	12.82	0.96	29.76	96.18	68.98

处理	pH	有机质含量/(g/kg)	全氮含量/(g/kg)	速效磷含量/(mg/kg)	速效钾含量/(mg/kg)	碱解氮含量/(mg/kg)
T₁	6.28	13.24	1.11	31.92	98.63	72.15
T₂	6.46	14.01	1.20	33.26	96.22	86.96
T₃	6.63	15.88	1.42	33.48	106.42	89.73
CK	5.96	11.96	1.18	36.54	104.75	78.62
O	6.58	12.82	0.96	29.76	96.18	68.98

处理	叶面积		百叶鲜重		新梢长度		单果重
处理	测定值/cm²	较CK增长/%	测定值/g	较CK增长/%	测定值/cm	较CK增长/%	测定值/g	较CK增长/%
T₁	47.2	5.8	76.4	4.7	56.2	15.6	292.7	1.0
T₂	45.8	2.7	73.5	1.0	52.4	7.8	290.1	0.1
T₃	44.3	-0.7	71.6	-1.6	50.3	3.5	287.6	-0.8
CK	44.6	-	72.8	-	48.6	-	289.8	-