Extraction Process Optimization and Component Analysis of Oregano Essential Oil

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0162

Abstract

Abstract:

The study aims to optimize the extraction conditions of essential oil from Oregano by traditional steam distillation and simultaneous distillation-extraction. The extraction parameters were optimized by single factor and orthogonal experiments, and the essential oil was analyzed by GC/MS. The results showed that the optimal extraction process combination of steam distillation and simultaneous distillation-extraction was the basification of 1%, with extraction time for 1.5 h, solid-liquid ratio of 1:6. Under these conditions, the extraction rates of steam distillation and simultaneous distillation-extraction were 0.486 g /100 g and 0.608 g /100 g, respectively. There were 16 kinds of alkanes, 6 kinds of alkenes, 4 kinds of alcohols, 3 kinds of phenols and 1 kind of ketones in the oil obtained by conventional steam distillation, the contents of which accounted for 74.366%, 6.263%, 1.245%, 12.684% and 0.449%, respectively. 20 kinds of alkanes, 9 kinds of alkenes, 5 kinds of alcohols, 3 kinds of phenols and 1 kind of ketones were obtained by simultaneous distillation-extraction, which accounted for 60.127%, 12.597%, 2.795%, 22.147% and 0.936%, respectively. At the same time, the types and contents of main bacteriostatic components of essential oils obtained by simultaneous distillation-extraction were significantly higher than those of conventional steam distillation. The contents of thymol, cymene, γ-terpinene, carvacrol and α-hydrocene in conventional steam distillation essential oils were 8.492%, 3.286%, 2.551%, 2.143% and 0.206%, respectively. And those of simultaneous distillation-extraction were 13.925%, 5.218%, 4.509%, 4.14% and 0.36%, respectively. This study can provide reference for the production and preparation of oregano essential oil. The optimum technology obtained in this study has the high yield of essential oil, which can provide reference for the production and preparation of oregano essential oil.

Key words: oregano essential oil, process optimization, composition analysis, orthogonal test

WANG Ying, LIU Chenxi, WANG Xinyan, HE Jifang, LI Haohui, JIA Lu, LIU Wei, XUE Gang. Extraction Process Optimization and Component Analysis of Oregano Essential Oil[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2024, 14(8): 56-62.

Figures/Tables 5

References 24

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变异来源		df	水蒸气蒸馏法			同时蒸馏萃取法
变异来源		df	SS	S²	F	SS	S²	F
盐基度	处理间	4	0.128	0.032	54.983^**	0.073	0.018	50.5373^**
	处理内	10	0.006	0.001	-	0.004	0.0004	-
	总变异	14	0.133	-	-	-	-	-
料液比	处理间	4	0.107	0.027	99.962^**	0.090	0.022	35.353^**
	处理内	10	0.003	0.000	-	0.006	0.0006	-
	总变异	14	0.109	-	-	0.096	-	-
提取时间	处理间	4	0.044	0.011	14.145^**	0.047	0.012	18.941**
	处理内	10	0.008	0.0008	-	0.006	0.0006	-
	总变异	14	0.052	-	-	0.053	-	-

变异来源		df	水蒸气蒸馏法			同时蒸馏萃取法
变异来源		df	SS	S²	F	SS	S²	F
盐基度	处理间	4	0.128	0.032	54.983^**	0.073	0.018	50.5373^**
	处理内	10	0.006	0.001	-	0.004	0.0004	-
	总变异	14	0.133	-	-	-	-	-
料液比	处理间	4	0.107	0.027	99.962^**	0.090	0.022	35.353^**
	处理内	10	0.003	0.000	-	0.006	0.0006	-
	总变异	14	0.109	-	-	0.096	-	-
提取时间	处理间	4	0.044	0.011	14.145^**	0.047	0.012	18.941**
	处理内	10	0.008	0.0008	-	0.006	0.0006	-
	总变异	14	0.052	-	-	0.053	-	-

编号	A(盐基度/%)	B(提取时间/h)	C(料液比)	D(空列)	提取得率/(g/100 g)
编号	A(盐基度/%)	B(提取时间/h)	C(料液比)	D(空列)	水蒸气蒸馏法	同时蒸馏萃取法
1	1(0)	1(0.5)	1(1:6)	1	0.330	0.413
2	1	2(1)	2(1:8)	2	0.458	0.585
3	1	3(1.5)	3(1:10)	3	0.445	0.593
4	2(1)	1	2	3	0.334	0.418
5	2	2	3	1	0.490	0.612
6	2	3	1	2	0.486	0.608
7	3(3)	1	3	2	0.349	0.411
8	3	2	1	3	0.50	0.602
9	3	3	2	1	0.516	0.607

编号	A(盐基度/%)	B(提取时间/h)	C(料液比)	D(空列)	提取得率/(g/100 g)
编号	A(盐基度/%)	B(提取时间/h)	C(料液比)	D(空列)	水蒸气蒸馏法	同时蒸馏萃取法
1	1(0)	1(0.5)	1(1:6)	1	0.330	0.413
2	1	2(1)	2(1:8)	2	0.458	0.585
3	1	3(1.5)	3(1:10)	3	0.445	0.593
4	2(1)	1	2	3	0.334	0.418
5	2	2	3	1	0.490	0.612
6	2	3	1	2	0.486	0.608
7	3(3)	1	3	2	0.349	0.411
8	3	2	1	3	0.50	0.602
9	3	3	2	1	0.516	0.607

变异来源	df	水蒸气蒸馏法			同时蒸馏萃取法
变异来源	df	SS	S²	F	SS	S²	F
A	2	0.003	0.001	4.983	0.000	0.000	2.752
B	2	0.042	0.021	71.323**	0.070	0.035	514.426**
C	2	0.000	9.244×10^-5	0.314	2.822×10^-5	1.411×10^-5	0.207
e	2	0.001	0.000	-	1.36×10^-5	6.811×10^-5	-
总变异	8	0.046	-	-	0.071	-	-