Correlation and Path Analysis of Main Agronomic Traits in Blueberry Hybrid F1 Generation

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2025-0182

Abstract

Abstract:

Correlation and path analysis of major agronomic traits and yield-related characteristics in blueberry F₁ hybrids were conducted to clarify the characteristics and relationships between key agronomic traits and per-plant yield. This study aimed to explore the heterosis potential of blueberry hybrids and provide a reference for formulating appropriate breeding objectives. Using 21 blueberry hybrid progenies as test materials, 13 agronomic traits were investigated under subtropical climatic conditions. Correlation analysis revealed that stem diameter (X₄) exhibited a significant positive correlation with per-plant yield, while east-west canopy width (X₁), north-south canopy width (X₂), leaf number (X₅), fruiting branch number (X₁₀), and total fruit set (X₁₁) showed highly significant positive correlations with yield. Other traits displayed varying degrees of correlation. Path analysis indicated that the contribution of each trait to per-plant yield ranked as follows: total fruit set (X₁₁)> single-fruit weight (X₈) > fruit longitudinal diameter (X₇)> north-south canopy width (X₂)> hundred-fruit weight (X₉)> fruiting branch number (X₁₀)> east-west canopy width (X₁)> plant height (X₃)> fruit transverse diameter (X₆)> average fruit set per branch (X₁₂)> stem diameter (X₄)> leaf number (X₅). Through dimensionality reduction via multiple linear regression, 12 agronomic traits were consolidated into new variables represented by fruit longitudinal diameter (X₇), single-fruit weight (X₈), and total fruit set (X₁₁). The adjusted coefficient of determination for these new variables reached 0.971, and the established regression equation Y=-0.4091-0.0057X₇+0.2177X₈+0.0022X₁₁ effectively explained the influence of relevant factors on per-plant yield. Total fruit set (X₁₁) of blueberry F₁ hybrids demonstrated a highly significant positive correlation with yield, and the top three direct path coefficients were ranked as total fruit set (X₁₁), single-fruit weight (X₈), and fruit longitudinal diameter (X₇). These three traits adequately explained the impact of correlated factors on yield. During the selection of blueberry F₁ hybrids, the selection criteria for total fruit set, single-fruit weight, and fruit longitudinal diameter could be appropriately relaxed. Lines 29-2-2, 33-30-A and 30-29-B exhibited F-values of 1.99, 1.65 and 0.96, respectively, achieving the top three comprehensive scores and warranting further investigation.

Key words: blueberry, F₁ hybrids, per-plant yield, correlation analysis, path analysis, multiple linear regression, principal component analysis

YANG Hongtao, YANG Yanlin, HE Jiawei, YANG Zhengsong, SU Zechun, YU Ying. Correlation and Path Analysis of Main Agronomic Traits in Blueberry Hybrid F₁ Generation[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2026, 16(3): 33-39.

Figures/Tables 5

References 15

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F₁代编号	母本	父本	F₁代编号	母本	父本	F₁代编号	母本	父本
1-29-1	奥尼尔	天后	29-2-1	天后	密斯迪	30-1-A	茶花	奥尼尔
2-30-A	密斯迪	茶花	29-2-2	天后	密斯迪	30-2-3	茶花	密斯迪
4-2-A	久比利	密斯迪	29-2-A	天后	密斯迪	30-2-A	茶花	密斯迪
4-29-A	久比利	天后	29-2-B	天后	密斯迪	30-29-1	茶花	天后
8-2-3	双丰	密斯迪	29-30-1	天后	茶花	30-29-A	茶花	天后
8-29-3	双丰	天后	29-30-2	天后	茶花	30-29-B	茶花	天后
29-1-A	天后	奥尼尔	29-30-3	天后	茶花	33-30-A	盛世	茶花

F₁代编号	母本	父本	F₁代编号	母本	父本	F₁代编号	母本	父本
1-29-1	奥尼尔	天后	29-2-1	天后	密斯迪	30-1-A	茶花	奥尼尔
2-30-A	密斯迪	茶花	29-2-2	天后	密斯迪	30-2-3	茶花	密斯迪
4-2-A	久比利	密斯迪	29-2-A	天后	密斯迪	30-2-A	茶花	密斯迪
4-29-A	久比利	天后	29-2-B	天后	密斯迪	30-29-1	茶花	天后
8-2-3	双丰	密斯迪	29-30-1	天后	茶花	30-29-A	茶花	天后
8-29-3	双丰	天后	29-30-2	天后	茶花	30-29-B	茶花	天后
29-1-A	天后	奥尼尔	29-30-3	天后	茶花	33-30-A	盛世	茶花

性状	东西冠幅 (X₁)	南北冠幅 (X₂)	株高 (X₃)	地径 (X₄)	叶数 (X₅)	果实横径 (X₆)	果实纵径 (X₇)	单果重 (X₈)	百果重 (X₉)	坐果枝数 (X₁₀)	坐果总数 (X₁₁)	平均每果枝坐果数 (X₁₂)	单株产量 (Y)
东西冠幅(X₁)	1
南北冠幅(X₂)	0.8175^**	1
株高(X₃)	0.2299	0.2898	1
地径(X₄)	0.4256	0.5264^*	0.4387^*	1
叶数(X₅)	0.5877^**	0.4563^*	0.0786	0.5777^**	1
果实横径(X₆)	-0.1271	0.0248	0.0364	-0.0574	-0.1162	1
果实纵径(X₇)	-0.2288	-0.2835	-0.4576^*	-0.0517	-0.1100	-0.0772	1
单果重(X₈)	-0.0256	0.2737	0.2915	0.2115	-0.1946	0.2828	-0.4222	1
百果重(X₉)	0.1506	0.3213	0.0957	0.1526	-0.1059	0.2820	-0.4057	0.8247^**	1
坐果枝数(X₁₀)	0.5331^*	0.6732^**	0.2153	0.6091^**	0.7456^**	0.3557	-0.1759	0.1761	0.2011	1
坐果总数(X₁₁)	0.6237^**	0.5584^**	-0.0893	0.4375^*	0.6275^**	-0.0426	0.2199	-0.2799	-0.1538	0.5590^**	1
平均每果枝坐果数(X₁₂)	0.0264	-0.1693	-0.4541^*	-0.1554	-0.0734	-0.2919	0.6354^**	-0.4984	-0.4146	-0.3801	0.4993^**	1
单株产量(Y)	0.6687^**	0.7342^**	0.0676	0.5348^*	0.6142^**	0.0956	-0.0479	0.0952	0.1490	0.7058^**	0.9096^**	0.2255	1

性状	东西冠幅 (X₁)	南北冠幅 (X₂)	株高 (X₃)	地径 (X₄)	叶数 (X₅)	果实横径 (X₆)	果实纵径 (X₇)	单果重 (X₈)	百果重 (X₉)	坐果枝数 (X₁₀)	坐果总数 (X₁₁)	平均每果枝坐果数 (X₁₂)	单株产量 (Y)
东西冠幅(X₁)	1
南北冠幅(X₂)	0.8175^**	1
株高(X₃)	0.2299	0.2898	1
地径(X₄)	0.4256	0.5264^*	0.4387^*	1
叶数(X₅)	0.5877^**	0.4563^*	0.0786	0.5777^**	1
果实横径(X₆)	-0.1271	0.0248	0.0364	-0.0574	-0.1162	1
果实纵径(X₇)	-0.2288	-0.2835	-0.4576^*	-0.0517	-0.1100	-0.0772	1
单果重(X₈)	-0.0256	0.2737	0.2915	0.2115	-0.1946	0.2828	-0.4222	1
百果重(X₉)	0.1506	0.3213	0.0957	0.1526	-0.1059	0.2820	-0.4057	0.8247^**	1
坐果枝数(X₁₀)	0.5331^*	0.6732^**	0.2153	0.6091^**	0.7456^**	0.3557	-0.1759	0.1761	0.2011	1
坐果总数(X₁₁)	0.6237^**	0.5584^**	-0.0893	0.4375^*	0.6275^**	-0.0426	0.2199	-0.2799	-0.1538	0.5590^**	1
平均每果枝坐果数(X₁₂)	0.0264	-0.1693	-0.4541^*	-0.1554	-0.0734	-0.2919	0.6354^**	-0.4984	-0.4146	-0.3801	0.4993^**	1
单株产量(Y)	0.6687^**	0.7342^**	0.0676	0.5348^*	0.6142^**	0.0956	-0.0479	0.0952	0.1490	0.7058^**	0.9096^**	0.2255	1

构成因素	直接通径系数	间接通径系数												间接效应之和	相关系数
构成因素	直接通径系数	X₁→Y	X₂→Y	X₃→Y	X₄→Y	X₅→Y	X₆→Y	X₇→Y	X₈→Y	X₉→Y	X₁₀→Y	X₁₁→Y	X₁₂→Y	间接效应之和	相关系数
X₁	0.0332		0.0271	0.0076	0.0141	0.0195	-0.0042	-0.0076	-0.0008	0.005	0.0177	0.0207	0.0009	0.1000	0.6687^**
X₂	0.0884	0.0723		0.0256	0.0465	0.0403	0.0022	-0.0251	0.0242	0.0284	0.0595	0.0494	-0.015	0.3083	0.7342^**
X₃	0.0253	0.0058	0.0073		0.0111	0.002	0.0009	-0.0116	0.0074	0.0024	0.0054	-0.0023	-0.0115	0.0169	0.0676
X₄	0.0099	0.0042	0.0052	0.0044		0.0057	-0.0006	-0.0005	0.0021	0.0015	0.0061	0.0043	-0.0015	0.0309	0.5348^*
X₅	0.0072	0.0042	0.0033	0.0006	0.0041		-0.0008	-0.0008	-0.0014	-0.0008	0.0053	0.0045	-0.0005	0.0177	0.6142^**
X₆	0.0217	-0.0028	0.0005	0.0008	-0.0012	-0.0025		-0.0017	0.0061	0.0061	0.0077	-0.0009	-0.0063	0.0058	0.0956
X₇	0.1243	-0.0284	-0.0352	-0.0569	-0.0064	-0.0137	-0.0096		-0.0525	-0.0504	-0.0219	0.0273	0.079	-0.1687	-0.0479
X₈	0.3318	-0.0085	0.0908	0.0967	0.0702	-0.0646	0.0938	-0.1401		0.2737	0.0584	-0.0929	-0.1654	0.2121	0.0952
X₉	0.0692	0.0104	0.0222	0.0066	0.0106	-0.0073	0.0195	-0.0281	0.0571		0.0139	-0.0107	-0.0287	0.0655	0.149
X₁₀	0.0566	0.0301	0.0381	0.0122	0.0345	0.0422	0.0201	-0.0099	0.01	0.0114		0.0316	-0.0215	0.1988	0.7058^**
X₁₁	0.9738	0.6074	0.5438	-0.087	0.426	0.6111	-0.0415	0.2141	-0.2726	-0.1498	0.5444		0.4863	2.8822	0.9096^**
X₁₂	0.0150	0.0004	-0.0025	-0.0068	-0.0023	-0.0011	-0.0044	0.0095	-0.0075	-0.0062	-0.0057	0.0075		-0.0191	0.2255

Correlation and Path Analysis of Main Agronomic Traits in Blueberry Hybrid F₁ Generation

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表型性状	成分1	成分2
东西冠幅	12.718	6.942
南北冠幅	11.565	7.399
株高	-0.720	2.649
地径	1.395	1.278
叶数	45.108	38.453
果实横径	-0.882	1.056
果实纵径	1.433	-4.050
单果重	-0.136	0.213
百果重	-7.770	25.904
坐果枝数	2.556	2.428
坐果总数	148.784	-11.057
平均每果枝坐果数	6.360	-9.654
单株产量	0.287	0.049
方差百分比/%	81.48	8.28
累计贡献率/%	81.48	89.76

F₁代编号	主成分1	主成分2	F值	排名
1-29-1	-0.34305	1.49369	-0.17	14
2-30-A	0.00747	-0.69063	-0.06	10
4-2-A	-0.40146	2.41991	-0.14	12
4-29-A	-0.86564	0.17477	-0.77	17
8-2-3	-1.60521	0.21209	-1.44	21
8-29-3	-0.12354	-0.47936	-0.16	13
29-1-A	0.39383	-0.28606	0.33	7
29-2-1	-0.43029	0.28331	-0.36	15
29-2-2	2.01745	1.66820	1.99	1
29-2-A	0.95364	-0.20499	0.85	4
29-2-B	0.62489	-0.96126	0.48	6
29-30-1	-0.44262	-1.10544	-0.50	16
29-30-2	-0.08917	-0.12907	-0.09	11
29-30-3	-1.58706	0.09143	-1.43	20
30-1-A	-1.05421	-0.66139	-1.02	18
30-2-3	0.18498	-0.50432	0.12	8
30-2-A	-1.12118	-0.56242	-1.07	19
30-29-1	0.04564	0.10974	0.05	9
30-29-A	0.99452	-1.25257	0.79	5
30-29-B	0.91185	1.47858	0.96	3
33-30-A	1.92916	-1.09424	1.65	2

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