Abstract:

After the domestication of wild species, natural selection and artificial selection over the past ten thousand years, the existing domestic animal species had been gradually formed. With the discovery and gradual improvement of genetic theory, conventional breeding techniques developed from the phenotypic selection to breeding value estimation using BLUP method, and have made great contribution to the genetic improvement of livestock and poultry in the past fifty years. In the1980s, the discovery of various molecular genetic markers and the rapid development of modern biotechnology provide new approaches and methods for the study and improvement of animal genetics and breeding. So far, the integration of DNA, RNA, protein and other omics information not only brings new opportunities for functional gene identification and molecular genetic mechanisms analysis of animal important economic traits, but also makes animal breeding enter the era of molecular breeding from the traditional breeding era. Great progress has been achieved in molecular quantitative genetics, functional genomics and molecular breeding technology in recent years.

Key words: Molecular Genetics, Quantitative Genetics, Animal Breeding