Abstract: Long-term application of chemical fertilizer and livestock and poultry manure can lead to the accumulation of phosphorus in soils, and thus influence soil phosphorus bioavailability and mobility. The bioavailability and mobility of phosphorus in soils are related to chemical forms of phosphorus in the soils. To understand the evolution of chemical forms of phosphorus accumulated in vegetable soil, five kinds of soils with different properties and chemical components, including bole soil (allite soil), quaternary red clay (allite soil), pale fluviogenic loamy paddy soil (neutral soil), desalting muddy polder soil (neutral soil) and waxy brown limestone soil (calcareous soil), were collected for the experiment. Chemical fertilizers or organic manure were added to the soils to build a series of soils with different phosphorus accumulation. Chemical speciation and release potential of phosphorus of the soils were characterized by Hedley phosphorus fractionation. The results showed that accumulation of phosphorus in all soils had greatest effects on relative increase of the H₂O-P and NaHCO₃-IP, as compared with control soils without addition of phosphorus. In neutral and calcareous soil, phosphorus accumulation can significantly promote the formation of HCl-P, but the effect on NaOH-IP was smaller. In the allite soils, phosphorus accumulation is beneficial to the formation of NaOH-IP, but has little effect on the formation of HCl-P. For both application of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer, P accumulated in the soil was mainly inorganic, application of phosphorus had little contribution to formation of organic phosphorus. With the continuous accumulation of soil phosphorus, phosphorus accumulation effect on H₂O-P and NaHCO₃-IP is more obvious.