Current issue

• 2012 Vol.2 No.10 Published:20 October 2012

  Correlation and Path Analysis of Yield Traits on ‘Yongyou12’ Indica-japonica Intersubspecific Hybrid Rice 2012, 2 (10):  1-4.  Abstract + ( 1591 )   PDF ( 1067KB )   ( 1387 ) In order to make clear the high yield and efficiency cultivation techniques for indica-japonica intersubspecific hybrid rice ‘Yongyou12’, 145 sets of data from 7 test sites in Taizhou and Ningbo from 2009 to 2011 were collected to study the constitutions of panicle, grain, grain weight under different yield levels and make the correlation and regression analysis when ‘Yongyou12’ is planted as single cropping late rice. The correlation analysis showed that, the whole grain number and filled grain number per panicle were significantly positive with yield, while the effective panicle and thousand-grain weight were significantly negative with yield. The multiple regression analysis established the multiple regression model between the yield and the yield traits: =-8012.58+27.29x1+36.59x2-25.53x3+165.61x4-239.75x5±766.42. Path analysis suggested that, among the main economic traits of rice, the highest direct effect panicle numbers on yield reached to 2.3526. Accordingly, controlling the number of effective panicle properly, emphasizing the large panicles and improving the seed setting rate were proposed for the high yield and efficiency cultivation techniques for ‘Yongyou12’ as single cropping late rice. Meanwhile, the cultivation techniques could also serve as a technique route for effective breeding of superior high-yield rice.

  Influence of Grafting Between Different Peanut Styles on the Growth of Plant Seedling 2012, 2 (10):  5-8.  Abstract + ( 1903 )   PDF ( 1122KB )   ( 1358 ) Abstract: This study aimed to survey the influence of grafting on peanut seedling, in which qinghua5 and Qinghua6 representing Virginia type and Spanish type were used as materials. The results indicated that grafting between the same type and two different types both influenced the growth of peanut seedlings. Seedling obtained from grafting between the same type displays a slow growth, less dry matter accumulations, and worse agronomic characters. With the growth of seedlings, the agronomic characters tend to be normal, the chlorophyll content increases, while the root activity declines. Graft which took qinghua5 as the scion and qinghua6 as rootstock is benefit for the growth of peanut seedling, while graft used qinghua6 as the scion prohibits seedling growth.

  Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration in Peanut 2012, 2 (10):  9-13.  Abstract + ( 1298 )   PDF ( 2125KB )   ( 1053 ) Efficient somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in embryonic leaflet culture of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) were studied, for providing the methods of somatic hybridization, In vitro mutagenesis and genetic transformation. The embryonic leaflets of 17 peanut cultivars in 5 types were cultured on MSB5 medium (Murashige and Skoog salts plus B5 vitamins) supplemented with 10.0 mg/L 2,4-D to induce somatic embryos. After 4 weeks culture, the explants with somatic embryos were transferred to the medium supplemented with 4 mg/L BAP for somatic embryo germination and plant regeneration. The result showed that the frequencies of somatic embryo induction and plant regeneration were different significantly in 5 peanut types. Intermediate type gave a higher frequency (84.1%-91.2%) of somatic embryo induction and a higher frequency (81.1%-97.0%) of plant regeneration. The frequencies of somatic embryo induction were significantly different among the cultivars in Arachis hypogaea var. vulgaris with a range from 43.9% to 85.0% and Arachis hypogaea var. hypogaea with a range from 42.2%-82.2%, respectively, but the higher frequencies of plant regeneration were obtained in them, sharing a range from 94.3%-96.5% and 88.1%-98.7%, respectively. Arachis hypogaea var. fastigiata showed the lowest frequencies of somatic embryo induction (32.2%-50.0%) and plant regeneration (41.2%-55.1%). The frequencies of somatic embryo induction (61.1%-87.8%) and plant regeneration (63.7%-87.6%) were obtained in Arachis hypogaea var. hirsute. When the plantlets were grafted onto germinated seedlings and transplanted to the field, they grew to maturity and produced viable seeds. The result showed that the regeneration capacity was different among various types of peanut, and the regeneration capacity of Arachis hypogaea var. fastigiata was the lowest.

  Biocontrol of Pepper Root Rot Caused by Fusarium solani with Trichoderma aureoviride 1010 2012, 2 (10):  14-18.  Abstract + ( 1424 )   PDF ( 1115KB )   ( 1601 ) Antagonism of Trichoderma aureoviride strain T1010 against Fusarium solani strain F5 was assessed and its effect was analyzed. Antagonistic action of strain T1010 against strain F5 was determined by dual culture assay, meanwhile interactions between strain T1010 and F5 was observed through microscopy. Strain T1010 controlled strain F5 and reduced pepper root rot was investigated in pot tests and solar-greenhouse trails. The results showed that: strain T1010 grew quickly and covered whole dish in 2.99 days, meanwhile strain F5 needed 11.41 days. Strain T1010 competed against F5 in same dish, and the inhibition rate was 83.28%. Tropic growth of strain T1010 hyphae dissolved F5’ cells, and T1010’ coverage rate was 95.67%. In the greenhouse, there was little of population of F5, meanwhile the population of T1010 was 6.285×105 cfu/g of soil mixed with T1010+F5. There was little population of T1010 and F5 into pepper stem and root. However, the population of F5 was 6.385×104 cfu/g of soil without T1010 treatment. There were a lot of F5 hyphae in the stem and root of pepper. The powder formulation of T1010 was applied into soil in pot trail, compared with the control, the rate of germination increased, the infected plant reduced, pepper height and root length increased by 1.81 times, 4.38 times. The powder formulation of T1010 was applied by broadcast in the solar-greenhouse, pepper lateral root was increased. Pepper disease infecting index decreased up to 2.61, production increased 24.61% compared with carbendazim treatment. Strain T1010 possesses multiple mechanisms of antifungal activity. The study proposed that 150 kg/hm2 T1010 preparation applied was the best for biocontrol pepper root rot in solar-greenhouse and should be popularized.

  Discussion on Evaluation Index and Its System of Ecological Civilization Construction 2012, 2 (10):  19-25.  Abstract + ( 1318 )   PDF ( 1433KB )   ( 1755 ) In order to strengthen the ecological civilization construction, this article has identified three levels of comprehensive evaluation index system of ecological civilization, the first level was divided into the three indicators, the second level was divided into nine indicators, the third level was divided into thirty-eight indicators on the basis of comprehensive analysis of existing ecological civilization connotation and relevant indicator system. By using expert scoring method, the first grade indexes, second grade indexes and third grade indexes were given corresponding weights. Index weight showed that, the dependence degree was between ecological civilization construction and each index, while economic development was still the core and key of ecological civilization construction. In addition, according to the actual situation in different functional areas, the indicators and corresponding weights needed to be adjusted in different regions to get closer to the local development orientation. The end result would provide the basis for the evaluation index design and measurement.

  The Season Sensitivity of Herders’ Perception to Extreme Drought in Northern Grassland 2012, 2 (10):  26-31.  Abstract + ( 1275 )   PDF ( 1107KB )   ( 1483 ) In order to explore the human adaptation process under climate change, based on the "perception-adaptation" framework, and the Pa-PI related method that was the relationship between herders' perception and drought in time series, the herders’ perception to extreme drought was analyzed in the typical areas of Inner Mongolia. The results showed that herders’ perception intensity about extreme drought occurrence rises with time series, and depends positively on the intensity of drought intensity. The results also showed that herders’ perception to extreme drought was most sensitive to drought in summer, but relatively not sensitive in other three seasons, the whole yeas and inter-seasons. The sensitive seasons were different at the different periods in the same area. Herders have more sensitive perception to drought which occurred in recent years, and time was one key factor influencing herders’ perception. The results also showed that herders’ perception to extreme drought was mostly based on season, quarter and year scales but not month scale.

  Landscape Aesthetic Assessment and Perception Difference of Wuyishan Scenery District 2012, 2 (10):  32-36.  Abstract + ( 1593 )   PDF ( 1193KB )   ( 1780 ) Taking the core area of Wuyishan scenery district as the object, the paper obtained scenic beauty estimation values of 65 typical sample photos by SBE method and preference difference by ANOVA. Results showed that the ranking of three types was cultural landscape＞artificial landscape＞natural landscape and there was no significant difference between them; the ranking of natural landscape was waterscape＞sky view＞landform＞plant landscape and There was highly significant difference between them; the ranking of artificial landscape was architectural sketch＞road landscape＞service facilities landscape, and there was highly significant difference between them; the ranking of cultural landscape was memorial building＞relics＞cliff stone, and there was no significant difference between them; the ranking of all elements was waterscape＞memorial building＞relics＞sky view＞architectural sketch landform＞landform＞road landscape＞cliff stone＞service facilities landscape＞plant landscape, and there was highly significant difference between them.

  Investigation of the Influencing Factors and the Development in Forest Tourism in Wenzhou City 2012, 2 (10):  37-41.  Abstract + ( 1186 )   PDF ( 1150KB )   ( 1464 ) To promote the development of Wenzhou forest tourism with the guide of ecotourism relevant theory, the Wenzhou forest garden was chosen as research target. We investigated the factors influencing the development of Wenzhou forest tourism and raised some countermeasures to deal with the existing problem through the questionnaire survey and comprehensive analysis dependent on relevant theory. Our investigation showed that the travelers had high education degree and the most were students and public institution staffs. The ratio of male travelers matches with that of female. They were young local people going out as collective travel in Zhejiang Province. Their main trip purposes were keeping healthy as well as having relaxation and the time focuses on weekend and holidays. The travelers had high demands on the scenery quality and environment but low on hardware facility and management. They preferred to go to suburban forest gardens, and the gardens often got the travelers’ second glance. After analysis, we proposed some suggestion about holding tourist activity, enriching traveling patterns and paying attention to the reception work of the group tourist to bring about a new level of development on the Wenzhou forest tourism.

  Effect Evaluation of Air Negative Ions in Different Types of Green Space in Fuzhou City 2012, 2 (10):  42-45.  Abstract + ( 1277 )   PDF ( 1064KB )   ( 1639 ) The aim of this study is to provide a theoretical basis for choosing suitable pattern for urban afforestation by analyzing the change regular of air negative charge ions concentration (ANCIC) in different types of green space. The ANCIC in different types of green space in Fuzhou City were studied in this paper. The results showed that the ANCIC was in the order of the public green space> educational green space> residential green space> commercial green space> industrial green space, ion polarity ratio increased gradually in the order too, while the air ion assessment index decreased. The ANCIC and the air quality were in the order of tree-shrub-grass> tree-grass> shrub-grass> grass> the bare. The diurnal change pattern of ANCIC was more moderate, almost linear decline in the public green space, educational green space and residential green space, but which was of single valley in commercial green, dual valley in industrial green space. The diurnal change pattern of ANCIC was the same in different types of green space structure, which was monotone decreasing.

  Analysis on Development Trends of Lilium Industry in Mountain Area of North Fujian 2012, 2 (10):  46-50.  Abstract + ( 1268 )   PDF ( 1073KB )   ( 1561 ) Thorough In-depth investigation on Lily industrial production and development of dynamic in Nanping country, understanding the Minbei regional tradition of lilies cultivation and location advantages, the development prospects of gratifying. Currently, although the industrial development of lily in Nanping was rise, but faced with development challenges from technology and business, especially bulb supply, weak technology, lack of funds, poor logistics and facilities, marketing lag etc, restricted Nanping Country lily industrial production and develop of scale, specialization and standardization. On the basis of learning from the advanced experience in the development of flower industry and combined the existing Minbei regional superiority conditions, put forward the countermeasures and suggestions for accelerating the development of Lilium industry in mountain area of north Fujian.

  Comparison of Characteristics of Nutrient Absorption on Leaves of Two Loquat Cultivars 2012, 2 (10):  51-54.  Abstract + ( 1204 )   PDF ( 1407KB )   ( 1386 ) The nutritional status on leaves of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica ‘Zaozhong 6’ and ‘Donghuzao’) was compared, and their characteristics of nutrient absorption were probed. The results showed that the contents of the nitrogen, soluble protein, chlorophyll and carotenoids of loquat leaves on spring shoots in variety ‘Donghuzao’ were all significantly higher than in variety ‘Zaozhong 6’. However, there were no significant difference of leaves on summer, autumn and winter shoots between two loquat varieties. There was no significant difference of the contents of phosphorus of leaves on spring, summer, autumn and winter shoots between two loquat varieties. The contents of potassium of leaves on spring shoots of two loquat varieties had no significant difference. While, the contents of potassium of leaves on autumn and winter shoots in variety ‘Donghuzao’ were all significantly higher than in variety ‘Zaozhong 6’, summer shoots significantly lower. The absorption peak of nitrogen of two loquat varieties were both in winter shoots, and that of phosphorus and potassium were both in spring shoots.

  Study on Rapid Propagation Technology of Grape Tissues 2012, 2 (10):  55-57.  Abstract + ( 1277 )   In order to cultivate grapes detoxification seedlings and further promote the study of grape tissue culture techniques, a number of factors affecting the vitro rapid propagation of grapes were tested and the culture medium most suitable for the grape in vitro rapid propagation was elected. 2-year-old branches at different states (dormant period, growing season) were taken as the material which was cut into 1.5 cm stem segments after disinfection in the ultra-clean work bench to be cultured to contrast. It is found that in spring, the winter buds of the branches after which are relieved dormancy has the highest sprout rate and survival rate and the best growth potential. The combination of growth of the culture medium of subculture multiplication MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+ IBA 0.1 mg/L had the maximum effective seedlings. The rooting culture medium, 1/2MS + IBA 0.4 mg/L, IBA was the most conducive to the rooting of grape, the seeding in this concentration had the highest survival rate. In the process of the experiment, the vitrification seeds occasionally appear in the optimum proliferation combination, therefore, the best subculture medium obtained in the experiment was just the best proportioning combination. A further study on that the concentration is adjusted plus or minus within the range of the best proportioning should be done. For rooting culture, 1/4MS, 1/6MS, 1/8MS try to be used for further pilot study.

  Effects of Different Level of Dietary Cd on Growth and Digestive Enzyme Activities to Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) 2012, 2 (10):  58-61.  Abstract + ( 1491 )   PDF ( 1330KB )   ( 1524 ) 300 tilapias were used to investigate the effects of different level of dietary Cd on growth, digestive enzyme activities of tilapia intestinal tract, which were divided into five groups with four replicates in each group and exposed to dietary Cd at concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 200, 400 mg/kg for 8 weeks. Compared with the control group, the weight gain rate and specific growth rate were both decreased significantly in 200, 400 mg/kg Cd group (P<0.05); No significant difference in the feed rate, feed conversion rate and survival rate were found among all groups(P>0.05); The activities of amylase and protease in intestinal tract were decreased significantly when the level of dietary Cd was 50 mg/kg (P<0.05), the activity of lipase in intestinal tract was decreased significantly only in 400 mg/kg Cd group (P<0.05). It suggested that tilapia had strong tolerance to dietary Cd, the weight gain rate and specific growth rate could be restrained significantly in 200 mg/kg Cd group. And the activities of amylase and protease were decreased in 50 mg/kg group significantly, the activity of lipase decreased only in 400 mg/kg group.

  The Selection of Five Algae Lysing-bacterium Strains and the Study on Their Pectinase Activity 2012, 2 (10):  62-67.  Abstract + ( 1777 )   PDF ( 1752KB )   ( 1862 ) In order to solve the difficult of isolation the algicidal bacteria, isolated algicidal bacteria with pectin as the sole carbon source in this experiment. To explore the relationship between the pectinase activity of the bacteria lysing bacteria, the lytic effect of lysing-bacteria on Microcystis aeruginosa and the pectinase activity were compared and analyzed. The results showed that five strains had lytic characteristics, the first day of the experiment, the cells of the Microcystis appeared yellow and bacteria film wrapped Microcystis cells sunk. Compare the five strains on the best lysing-condition, bacterial liquid and the algae liquid in volume ratio: w01> w03= w05> w04> w02; the speed: w05> w04> w01 = w02> w03; continuous lysing-algae time: w04> w05> w01> w02> w03. pectinase activity: w04> w01> w03> w02= w05. The medium with pectin as sole carbon source can be used to isolate algicidal bacteria effectively, however there no linear relationship between the lytic effects of bacterial pectinase activity.

  Reflection and Suggestion on the China Entry-Exit Inspection and quarantine standardization Process 2012, 2 (10):  68-71.  Abstract + ( 1401 )   PDF ( 975KB )   ( 1803 ) This paper introduces the connotation of the inspection and quarantine standards, a comprehensive review of the inspection and quarantine standardization work of the development process, the inspection and quarantine standardization work is facing opportunities and challenges, and the existing problems are analyzed, and how to improve the standardization construction, improve the inspection and quarantine work, the better for the enterprise and social and economic services is suggested.

  Study on the Choice of the Technology System and Pattern of Farmland Management from the Low-carbon Economy Perspective 2012, 2 (10):  72-75.  Abstract + ( 1248 )   PDF ( 975KB )   ( 1350 ) In order to discuss the effective use and management modes of farmland system under the low-carbon economy underground. This paper analyzed sysmetically the influence of main farmland management patterns on the carbon emissions and carbon sinks. it put forward that modern low-carbon agriculture should be innovated from the following four aspects: (1) to construct the Integrated technology system and management mode of pest prevention and control based on the basis of biological technology and physical meatures; (2) to construct the technology system and management mode of development and utilization of biomass energy based of the local production and living waste utilizing; (3) to construct technology system and management mode of circular agriculture based on combining the planting, breeding with processing; (4) to construct the technology system and management mode of soil nutrient improvement based on the “no/less-till” cultivation and crop rotation.

  Research Overviews on Price Transmission in Agro-products Vertically Related Markets 2012, 2 (10):  76-78.  Abstract + ( 1338 )   PDF ( 966KB )   ( 1516 ) This paper reviewed economic studies on price transmission in the courses of producing, purchasing, circulation, wholesale and retail. Research on price transmission in vertically markets models the various price data, production index, consumer index and expectations index to proof market integration relations and estimate price transmission cycles, as well as to find out its function mechanism. Thanks to the development of market integration theory, research in this field explored well-rounded metric models. And the main research results were very closely to. To build up systematic models to input more variables based on demand and supply function, and remove the assumption of constant returns to scale of enterprises involving marketing and fully competitive market would be the development direction in this field. In this way, models draw close to the truth of economic operations.