Current issue

• 2012 Vol.2 No.11 Published:20 November 2012

  Trend Analysis of Isoflavone of Soybean Seed during Development 2012, 2 (11):  1-5.  Abstract + ( 1196 )   PDF ( 1103KB )   ( 1529 ) Abstract：Six soybean varieties as test materials in Beijing summer sowing were determined the isoflavones of seeds in different development stages using HPLC to analysis the change trend of isoflavones in soybean seed during development. The results were shown that the isoflavones content in seed have a different between varieties and was no direct relationship with the growth period length in soybean; With the development of seed, the isoflavone content was increased gradually, it was reached a peak in before October 1, therefore, the isoflavones will be reached the highest before maturity in varieties with shorter growth period and will be decrease from higher to lower before maturity in varieties with longer growth period; Daidzein was synthesized and accumulated early in Genistein in prophase, and Genistein was synthesis rapid in the late development, Daidzein content was higher than Genistein when seed maturity.

  Cloning of NADH-NR gDNA Full-length Sequence and Enzyme Digestion 2012, 2 (11):  6-11.  Abstract + ( 1231 )   PDF ( 2163KB )   ( 1016 ) Using diploid sugar beet variety Ty7, obtained 3′end region, 5′end region and middle sequence respectively by stepwise cloning method. And then designed specific primer according to 3′end and 5′end region, the complete genomic sequence of nitrate reductase was assembled, The full-length sequence of nitrate reductase genomic DNA was 6,346 bp long. Proved the sequence obtained was target sequence by enzyme digestion. The results of sequence comparisons with its cDNA cloned previously showed that nitrate reductase genomic DNA has three introns, the sizes of the introns were: 197bp, 1088bp and 2343bp.

  Studies on the Influence on Seed Germination Characteristics of a Vicious Weed Species, Giant Foxtail by the Environmental Factors 2012, 2 (11):  12-16.  Abstract + ( 1234 )   PDF ( 1158KB )   ( 1257 ) To optimize the optimal conditions of Giant foxtail (S. faberii Herrm.) seed germination and seedling emergence, study and solve the problem of serious damage of Giant foxtail. Using the orthogonal test and the software SPSS 18.0 LSD method, to Giant foxtail emergence number as the evaluation index, the Giant foxtail pretreatment, sowing depth, soil temperature, soil moisture content influence factors such as the comparison test. Results showed that, four experimental factors on seed germination characteristics of Giant foxtail all had important influence. Clear Giant foxtail of seedling emergence the optimal scheme: Giant foxtail pretreatment 3 days, sowing depth 0.5 cm, soil temperature 32℃, soil moisture content 15% 32℃. The study of the optimum conditions and millet sowing after seedling before encountering moderate rain namely the Giant foxtail serious damage consistent with the actual situation; to avoid moderate rain before sowing millet, effective prevention and control of serious damage of Giant foxtail.

  Variation of Chloroplast Pigments of Acer ginnala Along Elevation Gradients in Qiliyu, Shanxi 2012, 2 (11):  17-20.  Abstract + ( 1141 )   PDF ( 1053KB )   ( 1339 ) In order to understand the leaf trait variations of Acer ginnala and the integrative effects of topography and soil nutrients on these changes, the author did a survey about the chloroplast pigment differences and the change patterns of the leaf chloroplast pigments along elevation gradients (1000-1800 m) within the distribution range of Acer ginnala in Qiliyu. The results showed that: there were significant or very significant differences of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and chlorophyll (a+b) between various populations. There were also significant variations of the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and chlorophyll (a+b) between different elevation gradients. With the increase of elevation gradients, the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and chlorophyll (a+b) content of Acer ginnala populations increased gradually, reached to a peak at the elevation of D (1500 m) or E (1600 m) and then decreased gradually. The change pattern of chlorophyll a/b was firstly decreased, following increased and then decreased with the increase of elevation gradients. Moreover, regression analysis between chloroplast pigments and soil factors suggested that pH, soli total phosphorus, available phosphorus and soil organic matters were important influenced factors. The best growing elevation for Acer ginnala in Qiliyu was from 1500 m to 1700 m elevation.Key words Acer ginnala; chloroplast pigments; elevation gradients; Qiliyu

  Canopy Water Use Efficiency on a Coarse-Sand-Field, No-Tillage Peach Orchard in North China 2012, 2 (11):  21-28.  Abstract + ( 1196 )   PDF ( 1765KB )   ( 1373 ) In order to provide a theoretical basis for developing orchards precision irrigation management, water vapor exchange and water use efficiency were monitored by an eddy covariance technique on an untilled 12-year-old peach orchard. The results showed that: a daily-average amount of evapotranspiration and WUE during monitoring stages were (2.3±2.1) mm/d and 1.26 g (CO2)/[kg (H2O)], respectively. The daily changes of WUE at canopy level were strongly influenced by ‘vapor pressure difference’ during the plant rapid growth stages. A from-high-to-low order of orchard-tree WUE followed the stages: post fruit harvest period>late fruit enlargement period and ripening period>flowering period and early fruit enlargement period. The trends of water evapotranspiration and WUE both had one peak. At the late period of fruit enlargement, the evapotranspiration was extremely high and reached its daily maximum value at 7.1 mm/d. Average daily WUE reached a peak of 2.1 g (CO2)/[kg (H2O)] after fruit harvest. The annually-cumulative evapotranspiration was up to 790.6 mm, and the annual average peach tree coefficient reached 1.08, which was higher 27% than that of FAO given. The results showed that the evapotranspiration at the peach-orchard-canopy level increased significantly under semiarid and sub-humid climate, and the key stage of water requirements on peach orchard was followed form late fruit enlargement period to fruit ripening period.

  Effects of Different Nursery Substrate on Seedling Quality of Watermelon 2012, 2 (11):  29-32.  Abstract + ( 1225 )   PDF ( 1385KB )   ( 1464 ) In order to reduce watermelon factory seedling production cost, the formulation of the nursery substrates to solve the problems, watermelon ‘Heifeicui’ as material, selected seven different nursery substrates to compose the agronomic characters and physiological indexes of different treatments, investigated the effect of different nursery substrate on seedling quality of watermelon. The result turned out that: different nursery substrates had important effect on the biological yield, the root activity, the photosynthetic pigments and protein of ‘Heifeicui’. The proportion of perlite, peat soil and culture medium waste of mushroom 1:1:2 was beneficial to improving seedling quality of watermelon.

  IInfluence of PCPA on Physiological Indicators of Leaves and Fruit Quality on Muskmelon in Protected Field 2012, 2 (11):  33-36.  Abstract + ( 1404 )   PDF ( 1377KB )   ( 1307 ) The effects of different concentrations of PCPA on physiological indicators of leaves and fruit quality on grafted ‘Xinshengyu’ muskmelon (‘Tianzhen-1’ pumpkin as rootstock) in protected field were studied by field experiment. The results showed that there were differences among different concentrations of PCPA treatments. As the concentration of PCPA increased, the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll and soluble protein of muskmelon leaves all increased first and decreased later, and those of 20 mg/L treatment were the highest. And the activities of peroxidase(POD), superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT) and polyphenol oxidase(PPO) in leaves all increased first and decreased later, and those of 20 mg/L treatment were the highest. The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) in leaves decreased first and increased later, and that of 20 mg/L treatment was the lowest. PCPA treatments could increase the contents of sucrose and reducing sugar, and decreased the contents of vitamin C and crude fiber in fruit. Accordingly, physiological indicators of leaves could be used as one of the referenced indexes for the application of PCPA in the production of muskmelon.

  Influence of 6-BA, IBA and NAA on Sub-proliferation of Mulberry Tissue Culture 2012, 2 (11):  37-39.  Abstract + ( 1230 )   PDF ( 1111KB )   ( 1639 ) Different kinds and concentrations of plant growth hormone and different light intensity on sub-proliferation of mulberry tissue culture were studied. Through orthogonal experiment design and setting light condition experiment to evaluate the effects of sub-proliferation of mulberry tissue culture at different factors. Results showed that the best growth hormone ratio formula were 6-BA 1.0 mg/L+IBA 0.1 mg/L; the best culture conditions were temperature 27℃, light intensity 2000-2500 lx, first dark training 5 days, light period 14 h/d, the germination rate were 100% under this condition. High cytokinins and auxin would produce adverse effect on tissue culture seedling. The initial dark training could improve germination rate, and limited abate browning phenomenon, at the same time also can reduce the production cost.

  The Effect on Yield of ‘Jiaxiangximao Chinese Yam’ in Different Cultivation Measures 2012, 2 (11):  40-43.  Abstract + ( 1226 )   PDF ( 1393KB )   ( 1401 ) ‘Jiaxiangximao Chinese Yam’ was used to study the effects on yield of different fertilizer proportion, different plant density and plastic film mulch, the experiment was carried out by randomized blocks design. The results showed that the yield of yam could increase significantly when mixed application of several new type of fertilizers included compound fertilizer, trace element fertilizer and bio-organic fertilizer. The results also showed that the most suitable planting density for ‘Jiaxiangximao Chinese Yam’ was 48000 plants/hm2, and showed that plastic film mulching could significantly improve the production of yam, but should pay attention to the field management after film mulch. This research showed that there was a great yield potential on ‘Jiaxiangximao Chinese Yam’, and suitable cultivation technique can significantly improve the production of yam.

  A Comprehensive Evaluation of Cold-tolerance of Four Evergreen Broad-leaved Greening Species in Tai’an 2012, 2 (11):  44-47.  Abstract + ( 1339 )   PDF ( 1164KB )   ( 1399 ) The study was performed to explore cold-tolerance mechanism of evergreen broad-leaved greening species. The purpose was to provide scientific basis for expanding the introduction and productive applications. Four evergreen broad-leaved greening species were used as test materials. Overwintering form performances were observed and recorded, lethal temperature 50 (LT50) was calculated with logistic formula through determining electrolyte leakage rate. Influences of cold stress on osmotic regulation substances and POD activity were investigated. The results showed that: with cold stress increased, electrolyte leakage rate increased, POD activity and soluble sugar contents decreased after an initial increase, proline contents presented an ‘ascend-descend-ascend’ trend. By using fuzzy mathematics method, the cold-tolerance of four evergreen broad-leaved greening species was evaluated as: Ligustrum japonicum, Distylium racemosum, Viburnum odoratissimum, Eriobotrya japonica.

  Determination of Trace Clenbuterol Residue in Swine Urine by LC-MS/MS with Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction using Molecular Imprinted Polymer as Adsorbent 2012, 2 (11):  48-51.  Abstract + ( 1344 )   PDF ( 1271KB )   ( 1822 ) In order to detect trace clenbuterol in swine urine, a method was developed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry with dispersive solid phase extraction using molecular imprinted polymer as adsorbent. The samples were absorbed by molecularly imprinted polymer. After eluted with methanol/acetic acid/water (7/2/1), the eluate was evaporated to dryness under a nitrogen stream and dissolved in 0.1% formic acid water/methanol (9/1). The extract was filtered through 0.22 μm filter, and 5 μL filtrate was injected into LC-MS/MS for analysis. The experiment results showed that MIP had specific recognition selectivity, excellent binding affinity and elution property for clenbuterol. Good linearity was obtained for clenbuterol at the concentration of 0.2-25 μg/L with correlation coefficient of 0.9992. The detection limit(S/N=3) and quantification limit(S/N=10) of the proposed method for clenbuterol was 0.08 μg/L and 0.2 μg/L. The recoveries of clenbuterol in swine urine at 0.2, 1.0, 2.0 μg/L were above 70.2% with the relative standard deviation of less then 4.16%. The method was reliable, sensitive, reproducible, less reagent dosage and no matrix interference, so it could meet the requirement for determination of the clenbuterol in swine urine.

  Effects of Different Level of Dietary Cd on Antioxidant Capacity of Hepatopancreas to Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) 2012, 2 (11):  52-56.  Abstract + ( 1197 )   PDF ( 1630KB )   ( 1531 ) This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different level of dietary Cd on antioxidant capacity of hepatopancreas to tilapia. 300 fish were divided into five groups, which were exposed to dietary Cd at concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 200, 400 mg/kg for 8 weeks, with four replicates in each group. The results showed that with the level of dietary Cd increase, the content of MDA was increased, which was higher than the control group in 200 mg/kg Cd group significantly (P<0.05); the level of T-AOC was decreased with the level of dietary Cd, which was lower than the control group in 50 mg/kg Cd group significantly (P<0.05). With the level of dietary Cd increase, the activities of CAT and SOD were firstly increased and then decreased, and showed the highest activities in 50, 200 mg/kg respectively. It suggested that different level of dietary Cd had different toxicities in hepatopancreas antioxidant indices of tilapia. T-AOC of tilapia hepatopancreas could be decreased significantly when the level of dietary Cd was 50 mg/kg, and the activity of CAT was the highest among all groups. MDA of tilapia hepatopancreas could be increased significantly when the level of dietary Cd was 200 mg/kg, and the activity of SOD was the highest among all groups.

  Research for Agriculture Information Customization Service under Modern Agricultural Environment 2012, 2 (11):  57-58.  Abstract + ( 1258 )   PDF ( 880KB )   ( 1352 ) In order to solve the problem concerning agriculture information service under modern agricultural environment, a research was conducted about agriculture information customization service. This research elaborated a standpoint on information customization service, suggesting that modern agriculture information service should took industry as community and developing customization service, and an investigation was also conducted about the ways in Science and Technology Service Supermarket in rural areas of Jiangsu Province. The writer thought that the farmers have been divided into some communities because of industry which contributed to the layering and different in information demand. As a result, information service has to make a strategical change so as to greatly improve the effectiveness of information service.

  Analysis on Spatial Pattern of Grain Production and Difference Among Cities in Jiangxi Province 2012, 2 (11):  59-67.  Abstract + ( 1287 )   PDF ( 1673KB )   ( 1582 ) In this paper, the difference of grain production among cites was calculated by adopting Gini coefficient and Theil index, methods of correlative analysis were adopted to calculate the correlations between grain production and time variable to analysis change pattern of grain production difference among cities, based on grain production statistical date of Jiangxi Province from 2000 to 2010. The result showed: (1) The trend of grain production showed reduce-increase, the production growth rate was weak, the trend of total sown areas of grain crops’ change was similar to grain production. (2)There was a good consistence between Gini coefficient and Theil index in reflecting the degree of the difference of grain production among cities in Jiangxi Province, the linear regression results about Gini coefficient and Theil index with time variable were as followes: G=0.0039(t-1999)+0.1477 and T=0.0021(t-1999)+0.0341, the correlation coefficient was 0.949 and 0.956. (3)The tendency of difference of grain production among cities in Jiangxi Province presented expansion trend. (4)Paddy, as major grain crop, its contribution on the Gini coefficient was biggest, more than 95%. (5)The contribution of paddy to Gini coefficient tends to rise at first, then fall, and becomes flat at last. (6)Based on grain production in different cities and result of analysis on time variable regression, the province can be divided into four districts, which was a very significantly increased district, significantly increased district, a very significantly decreased district, the proportion of stable district.

  Research on the Rural Human Resources Development Based on the Platform of Imbark Park of Taiwan Farmers 2012, 2 (11):  68-71.  Abstract + ( 9414 )   PDF ( 1091KB )   ( 2705 ) Development of imbark park of Taiwan farmers provides rural human resources development with a new platform. Imbark park of Taiwan farmers in Fujian seizes opportunities, makes use of advantages, follows the main line of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, has become the new position of accelerating agriculture extension, new platform of stimulating peasant employment, new way for rural women to achieve self-development, new way to raise farmer organizational level, and new source of developing rural economy. At the same time, continuous improvement of imbark park will be faced with constraints from aspects of policies, systems, markets and so on, which needs government to increase supports, to strengthen training work propaganda, to advance the combined training mode, and to develop new industries to solve problems encountered.

  Thought of New Farmers of Scientific Outlook on Development in the Perspective 2012, 2 (11):  72-78.  Abstract + ( 1205 )   PDF ( 1269KB )   ( 1547 ) A new type of farmer is a concept in contrast with traditional one. By briefly descriptions on basic characteristics and the categories of modern farmers, this article first analyzed the background and theory foundations of new type farmer theory and explained the internal meaning of it, then pointed out that this theory was development and innovation of Marxist farmer issue thoughts for its having solid philosophical foundations, abundant thinking connotation, profound social backgrounds.