Current issue

• 2013 Vol.3 No.1 Published:20 January 2013

  Two Dimensional Electrophoresis Methods Suitable for Maize LeafProtein Analysis 2013, 3 (1):  1-5.  Abstract + ( 1799 )   PDF ( 1352KB )   ( 1954 ) Abstract: The purpose of the study is to develop 2-DE method suitable for maize leaf proteome analysis in future. Three different methods were adopted to extract leaf protein of maize line Qi319. And the prepared samples were separated by SDS-PAGE and two-dimensional electrophoresis, followed by Silver nitrate staining. The result shows that TCA/acetone precipitation method is suitable for extracting maize leaf protein. IEF method is carried out on 24cm IPG strips at pH 4-7 and protein sample weight 0.25 mg. IEF program: 100V 1 h; 300V 1h; 500 V 1 h; 1000 V 2 h; 8000 V 3 h; 8000V 10h. Condition of SDS-PAGE is 1 W/gel 1 h, 3W/gel to Bromophenol blue reaching bottom. The establishment of the suitable system for maize leaf proteomic research paves the way for the next step to further analyse maize drought-resistance at proteome level.

  Yield Stability and Testing-site Representativeness in National Trials for Adzuki Lines Based on GGE-Biplot Analysis 2013, 3 (1):  6-9.  Abstract + ( 1309 )   PDF ( 1058KB )   ( 1357 ) In order to accurately evaluate the high-yield, yield stability and adaptability of adzuki bean cultivated variety, GGE-Biplot software was used to analyzed of regional test, the data come from 10 varieties in 19 test points from 2009 to 2011. The results showed that, the lines ‘Bao 200112’ had high-yield and better yield stability than other lines. The general yields were 1682.5 kg/hm2, in the suitable conditions, the yields can reach 3302.3 kg/hm2. Datong of Shanxi Province was the best representative test point; Yan'an of Shanxi Province had the best discrimination power. Therefore, GGE-Biplot method was intuitive, simple and effective. It could show high-yield, stability of varieties and pilot discrimination power, to improve the accuracy and efficiency of regional trials, to provide a reference for the identification and promotion of national adzuki bean cultivars.

  Effect of Sulfur on the Content of Kernal Isoflavone in Different Soybean Varieties 2013, 3 (1):  10-14.  Abstract + ( 1299 )   PDF ( 1057KB )   ( 1352 ) In this study, the effect of Sulfur (S) on the content of kernal isoflavone in different soybean varieties was analyzed. The best Sulfur levels of different genotype soybean varieties were explored, in order to increase the content of kernal isoflavone and improve their qualities. Three soybean varieties (‘Heinong-48’, high-protein cultivar; ‘Heinong-37’, middle cultivar; and ‘Heinong-44’, high-oil cultivar) were investigated. The soybean seeds were planted in pots fertilized with S which were S1, S2, S3 and S4 (i.e., 0 g, 0.02 g, 0.04 g and 0.06 g of Sulfur) per kilogram of soil. The content of total kernal isoflavone in different soybean varieties was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The results showed that, the content of total isoflavone under the same variety of different treatment, HN37 and HN44 treatment was significantly higher than that of S2, HN48 in S3 processing under the highest content. The three varieties are suitable S is known to help improving the total isoflavone content; same deal with the different varieties of soybean total isoflavones content, under the S1-S4 treatment HN44 was significantly highest, and then HN37 and HN48. Under different treatments in different soybean varieties, the content of total isoflavone in HN44 S3 was the highest. These findings suggested that Sulfur affected the total content of isoflavone in the three soybean varieties, and appropriate amounts of S fertilization might contribute to improving the content of kernal isoflavone.

  Phenotypic Diversity Analysis of Mung Bean Germplasm Resources 2013, 3 (1):  15-19.  Abstract + ( 1278 )   PDF ( 1032KB )   ( 1504 ) In order to strengthen the mung bean germplasm collection, protection and research, to provide ideal parents for cultivating high yield and quality mung bean. Based on the data statistical analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis method, we studied the coefficient of variation, genetic diversity index and intervarietal genetic distance of 37 mung bean germplasm resources and their 11 phenotypic traits. The average coefficient of variation was 18.45%, and the average diversity index was 1.22. The additive contributing rate of the first eight principal components amounts to 94.78%, and according to the relativity, 8 major discriminating characteristics were selected to reflect the comprehensive economic character and quality character. According to the genetic distance, the 37 materials were divided into 5 groups. Each group had different characteristics and showed abundant genetic diversity. This results are beneficial for us to use various characters to evaluate mung bean and widen the range of selection for breeding parents.

  The Optimization of Fermentation Conditions for Antagonistic Bacteria GF-16 Against Pestalotiopsis photiniae 2013, 3 (1):  20-25.  Abstract + ( 1282 )   PDF ( 1420KB )   ( 1479 ) The composition of fermented broth and fermentation conditions were optimized by monofactorial and orthogonal experiment respectively. Combination of the C, N sources, content of the C, N sources and NaCl, had different effect on the antagonistic activity of bacteria GF-16. The broth composed of 1% amylaceum, 1.5% Huang bean cake powder and 0.5% NaCl was better for antagonistic effect of GF-16. Through the study of a few fermentation conditions of antagonistic bacteria GF-16, The most preferable fermentation condition was fermented for 36h, pH7, 7%inoculation, 110mL liquid in 500mL conical flaskand, 180r/min, 28oC.

  Residue Dynamics of Profenofo in Orange and Soil 2013, 3 (1):  26-31.  Abstract + ( 1281 )   PDF ( 1398KB )   ( 1938 ) Field trial and Gas chromatography are carried out to study residual decline and final residues of profenofos in the orange and soil. The GAP of profenofos in application was discussed. The half-lives of profenofos were 4.3～7.2 d and 5.5～8.1 d in orange and soil. The decline rules of profenofos in orange and soil followed the first order chemical reactions dynamics equation. The orange was sprayed two times with 50% EC according to the recommended dosage 333 mg/kg, the results revealed that the profenofos terminal residues in the whole orange was <0.01~0.04 mg/kg at the 21 d after the last application, the residue in the flesh was all below the 0.01 mg/kg. The residue were all below the MRL in China (0.2 mg/kg). Its recommended that the pre-harvest interval of profenofos in orange set at 21 d, the maximum application times is safe for orange below two by applying 333 mg/kg of 50 % profenofos EC.

  Effects of transgenic Bt cotton on soil enzymes 2013, 3 (1):  32-35.  Abstract + ( 1357 )   PDF ( 1039KB )   ( 1329 ) Three transgenic Bt cotton and their isogenic non-Bt cotton counterpart another non-Bt cotton cultivar were investigated to evaluate the potential risk of transgenes on the soil ecosystem. The activities of urease, catalase,and invertase were assayed during cotton growth . The results showed soil enzymes activities were affected by different cotton cuiltivars and growth stages.

  Study on Bio-fertilizer Production from Restaurant Wastes 2013, 3 (1):  36-40.  Abstract + ( 1288 )   PDF ( 1140KB )   ( 1811 ) Exploring food waste recycle as a starting point and the cafeteria food waste was the research object in this paper. After solid-liquid separation, the feasibility of cultivation fermentation of Rhodotorula glutini in the waste liquid and obtaintion of the bacteria had been studied. At last, the efficiency of biological fertilizer including soild waste and fermentation bacteria had been researched in soybean. The results showed that, Rhodotorula glutini could make use of food waste. The dry weight of bacteria was 12 g/L when it had been fermented 24 h in optimal level. The pH value of 5.5 was the best conditions. Moreover, solid waste and bacteria could promoted the growth of soybean shoots when use 450 kg per 1 m2.

  Situation of Agricultural Non-point Pollution and Countermeasures in Hanjiang District, Yangzhou City 2013, 3 (1):  41-44.  Abstract + ( 1250 )   PDF ( 986KB )   ( 1499 ) In this study, the authors comprehensive investigated the agricultural non-point pollution for Hanjiang district, summed up the situation of the agricultural non-point pollution and analyzed the reason of the agricultural non-point pollution occurrence. The results showed that, the main agricultural NPS pollutants were: in the area of NPK total investment to amount to 15835.5 t, livestock and poultry aquaculture wastewater output was 68.85 t, aquaculture water use of medication for 79.5 kg/hm2. Indicating that loss of N and P from planting might be the main factor leading to water body eutrophication, which was suggested to be the key for agricultural non-point pollution prevention and controlling. In the end, it had proposed the countermeasures of the agricultural non-point pollution, which had both academic and realistic meaning to control agricultural non-point source pollution.

  Study on Morphological Plasticity and Ornamental Traits of Landscape Type Taxus chinensis var. mairei. Under Different Artificial Light Condition 2013, 3 (1):  45-49.  Abstract + ( 1267 )   PDF ( 1364KB )   ( 1489 ) In order to explore the use of artificial methods to reshape landscape type Taxus chinensis var. mairei. The morphologyical characters and ornamental traits of landscape type Taxus chinensis var. mairei. under different artificial light environment were studied in Mingxi, Fujia. The author analyzed and compared plant height, ground diameter, CFR, the foliage dense degree, lateral branch germination. The results showed that: morphologyical characters and ornamental traits were modified plastically in response to different artificial light conditions. The full sunlight condition than the long-term shade condition significantly increased CFR, the foliage dense degree, the number and the average length of the 2,3-order lateral branches, the overall branching rate; the long-term shade condition than the full sunlight condition significantly increased plant height, ground diameter, the first-order lateral branch germination, leaves significantly more dark green, but significantly reduced first-order lateral branch length. These indicated that: Taxus chinensis var. mairei. made some necessary changes in morphological aspects in order to accommodate it to the change of light environment. Anthropogenic changes plant growth light environment could change plant morphology, was an important measure of artificial reshaping landscape type Taxus chinensis var. mairei.

  Effects of Abrupt Decline in Salinity on the Antioxidant Enzyme Activities andHistological Structure in Ruditapes philippenarum 2013, 3 (1):  50-56.  Abstract + ( 1301 )   PDF ( 3161KB )   ( 1235 ) In order to detect physiological mechanism and the changes of histological structure with the abrupt decline in salinity in Manila clam, Ruditapes philippenarum, effects of abrupt decreasing in salinity on the activity of three antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH-PX, CAT) in hemolymph of R. philippenarum were studied. The clams were reared in different salinity of 35 (the control group), 25 and 15 and sampled at 2, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 h. In both low-salinity groups, the activity of the SOD and GSH-PX was higher than that in control group (P<0.05) at the beginning, then decreased significantly and tended to be stable at the end of experiment. In group of salinity 25 and 15, the activity of SOD increased significantly and lasted for 48 h and 12 h before the decrement (P<0.05). The time of increasing and decreasing of activity of GSH-PX were roughly the same in group of salinity 25 and 15. The activity of CAT was decreased gently with a slight increase 6 h (P<0.05). The activities of the three antioxidant enzymes were returned to the levels of controls, which showed that the clams had high resistance against changes of salinity, and could regulate the activity of the antioxidant enzymes to adapt to the low salinity. Tissue sections, which sampled from clams suffered 6 days low salinity stress of 15, showed that the fill filament connections and the arrangement were damaged, epithelial folds were disappeared. The heights of acinic cells in hepatopancreas reduced, the cytoplasm was not rich and the acinar lumens were enlarged. The epithelial folds were reduced and the mucous cells were rich in mantle and meaty siphon during low-salinity rearing. These results would be an important basis of the studies on physiological ecology during changes of salinity in clams.

  Studies on the Flavor Components of White Ground Pepper from Four Hybridize Variety 2013, 3 (1):  57-63.  Abstract + ( 1281 )   PDF ( 1549KB )   ( 1681 ) The headspace aroma compounds in white pepper powder (Piper nigrum L.) of No.2, No.3, No.4 and No.5 were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The headspace volatiles were sampled by solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME). The total ion chromatographic peak area normalization for quantitative analysis of the flavor components. A total of 59 volatile compounds were identified, the α-pinene (2.21%~2.80%), β-pinene (3.43%~5.60%), 3-carene(3.68%~6.16%), limonene (4.24%~6.04%),δ-elemene (2.49%~4.57%),copaene (5.85%~8.56%) caryophyllene (17.14%~32.15%) and caryophyllene oxide(1.03%~1.48%), were the main flavor components.

  Effect Analysis and Development Countermeasure of Remote Practical Technology Training in Rural Fujian 2013, 3 (1):  64-70.  Abstract + ( 1235 )   PDF ( 1288KB )   ( 1465 ) Fujian province rural practical technology to remote training consulting project to carry out 2 years to come, it had achieved practical results, in a remote training system integration and comprehensive application, remote training organization and implementation and main way, remote training main effect and important role. In Fujian province using the emergency command system of video conference, Fujian province nearly 1400 video conference, 15300 administrative villages, involving the province, city, county, township, village, both through the network, television, video, click to watch training. In 2010 and 2011, a total of the main venue organized 23 by the province's remote training. 112 experts were invited to teach more than 120 courses of lectures. More than 280 experts through remote video site answered more than 420 Fujian Province rural production problems. More than 1499800 people of more than 17800 township membership number, to attend the training class. Live interactive township 440 times, experts answered interaction and various platform issues more than 700. In Quanzhou and other counties held 24 regional rural practical technologies to distance training. 60 experts invited province inside and outside to teach the 60 agriculture practical technology topics, more than 107200 people received training. In the remote training needs to be improved the deficiencies were analyzed at the same time, combination of modern agriculture in Fujian Province the demand and trend, put forward the development countermeasures and suggestions.

  Practice and Exploration of New Rural Construction in West Bank of Taiwan Strait Led by Spark Science and Technology 2013, 3 (1):  71-78.  Abstract + ( 1195 )   PDF ( 1387KB )   ( 1778 ) According to practice and exploration of spark program for 25 years in Quanzhou, the paper expound the main model and their effects of new rural construction in west bank of Taiwan strait led by spark science and technology. The six spark program system were established, consist of policy support guide, S & T project lead, experts intelligence support, spark S & T training, information service and spark program demonstration. The five spark program engineering were implemented, included as constructing the national spark industrial zone, organizing the new rural construction by S & T, constituting technical center of spark industry, developing the rural informatization, establishing S & T correspondent base, and promoting construction of new countryside in the West Bank of Taiwan Strait. Put forward enlightenment of spark program and its development ways in the future.