Current issue

• 2013 Vol.3 No.5 Published:20 May 2013

  Effect of Sowing Date on the Yield and Agronomic Characters of ‘Guixiadou No.2’ 2013, 3 (5):  1-3.  Abstract + ( 1063 )   PDF ( 1069KB )   ( 1172 ) For the purpose of the optimum dates, set eight treatments and researched on the effect of different sowing dates on soybean yield and agronomic characters of ‘Guixiadou No.2’ in northwest Fujian Province. The results showed that different sowing dates had great effects on yield and agronomic characters. And earlier planting within the first ten days in June to the last ten days in July was good for higher yield, and the yield with the sowing date of the former twenty days in August was lower. Therefore, in the appropriate sowing, early sowing help to improve yield.

  Identification of Ax1/Ax2* and Dx5 Subunit of Wheat HMW Glutenin By Duplex AS-PCR 2013, 3 (5):  8-11.  Abstract + ( 1201 )   PDF ( 1136KB )   ( 1286 ) It has been demonstrated that Ax1/Ax2* and Dx5 are normally associated with wheat flour superior end-use quality, especially dough strength. This paper was designed to improve the molecular marker identification efficiency by the duplex allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (Duplex AS-PCR). In distinguishing the high molecular weight glutenin subunit, the results of sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) proved that the established duplex AS-PCR was credible. The genes of Ax1/Ax2* and Dx5 could be identified simultaneously in this polymerase chain reaction system. The presence of 1500 bp and 478 bp bands showed Ax1/Ax2* and Dx5 genes, respectively. A total of 21 wheat cultivars abroad were tested by the duplex allele-specific PCR-based assay and the frequencies of Ax1/Ax2* and Dx5 were 33.3% and 52.4%, respectively. In conclusion, the amplification reaction system was stable, and it could be used to simultaneously identify Ax1/Ax2* and Dx5 subunits, so it would be very helpful for marker-assisted selection of new wheat varieties with high quality.

  Effect of the Seed Coating on Seed Vigor and Seeding Growth on Maize 2013, 3 (5):  12-14.  Abstract + ( 1235 )   PDF ( 1063KB )   ( 1765 ) In order to study the effect of seed coating to agricultural production, the effects of seed coating on seed vigor and seeding growth to maize were studied by seed germination in laboratory and in field trail. The results showed that, germination potential and germination rate with seed coating were lower than the control, seed vigor index, seeding emergency rate, root number, fresh weight of plant, plant height and stem diameter in field trail were improved comparing with the control, the seed coating could increase ear grain and 1000-seed weight of maize, decrease the rate of vacant plants, as well as increase the yield of maize. The seed coating could restrict germination potential and germination rate, promote seed vigor index and seeding growth.

  Problems and Countermeasures in Detection of Pesticide Residues 2013, 3 (5):  15-17.  Abstract + ( 1166 )   PDF ( 1112KB )   ( 2474 ) In order to solve the problem of detection technology of pesticide residue testing agencies met in daily detection, improve the detection skills of practitioners, enhance the whole Shangluo City pesticide residues detection level, provide the guarantee for the safety of agricultural product consumption of consumers, the author through the analysis on the current situation of pesticide residues detection work in Shangluo City, discussed the detection of pesticide residues in existence personnel detection technology, detection technology level was not high, laboratory conditions, sample links were not standardized, detection of funds without security problems in 5 aspects, and from the standard sampling, reagent, sample preservation control, sample, the external environment and put forward corresponding countermeasures.

  Investigating and Control Methods of Damaging Bird in Millet Maturity Stage 2013, 3 (5):  18-21.  Abstract + ( 1312 )   PDF ( 1130KB )   ( 2742 ) Loess hilly-gully region of Northern Shaanxi was high - quality millet production base, but had serious bird damage in millet maturity stage. In order to reduce bird damage, damaging birds had been investigated by path method in millet maturity stage in Ansai County where was divided into three regions. The results showed that there were 17 species damaging birds, and all were omnivorous resident birds, belonging to 9 genus, 6 families. Corvidae family had 9 species, and Columbidae family had 4 species. Bird damage in southern secondary forest region was lighter than in northern typical steppe region in Ansai County. Phasianus colchicus and Passer montanus had serious damage to millet among these birds, and Phasianus colchicus major hazard in ditch sloping land, Passer montanus major hazard in flat lands and next to village lands. Under the premise of no harm to birds, Control methods about damaging bird should adopt comprehensive prevention and treatment, such as physical anti-bird, chemical anti-bird, so as to reduce bird damage.

  An Evaluation on Total Fluorine Contents in Surface Soils and Crops in Fluorite Mining Area，Central Zhejiang Province 2013, 3 (5):  22-25.  Abstract + ( 1167 )   PDF ( 1105KB )   ( 1404 ) There was a significance to guarantee the quality and safety of agricultural products, when learning correlations between fluorine contents in surface soils and crops around fluorite-rech area. Fluorine contents were analyzed in surface farm-soils and crops in fluorite mining area located in the central Zhejiang Province. It was found that average total fluorite contents ranged from 485 to 772 mg/kg in soils and 0.05 to 2.98 mg/kg in crops. The over-standard rate of F in rice and rapeseed sample were 58.3 and 30.0 per cent respectively, while fluorite contents in fruit and vegetables below 1.0mg/kg. It was found that the cause of fluorite in crops was soil fluorine. The absorption and accumulation of fluorite in rice and rapeseed were stronger that in fruit and vegetables. There was a significant correlation between the content of total fluorine in rice or rapeseed and that in the soil. The result provided a theoretical basis for the adjustment of planting pattern.

  Effect of Magnesium Fertilizer of Lead Bioavailability of Soil 2013, 3 (5):  26-30.  Abstract + ( 1286 )   PDF ( 1133KB )   ( 1402 ) Lead (Pb) contamination of soil poses severe health risks to humans through vegetable consumption. In order to reduce the lead bioavailability of lead-contaminated soil, alleviate lead harm to crops. A soil pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of magnesium fertilizer on lead bioavailability of soil. The trial crop is spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). The experiment design was the randomized complete block with four replications. Three rates of magnesium fertilizer (75, 150, 300 mg/kg soil) and two lead concentrations (125, 1000 mg/kg soil) were employed. The results showed that the different lead concentrations had significant influence on the growth, fresh yield and nutrient uptake of spinach. The stronger of lead concentration, the grater of lead harm to plants. Appropriate application of magnesium fertilizer in lead-contaminated soil can promote spinach growth, increase fresh yield, enhance the contents of leaf chlorophyll and vitamin C, and increase the amount of N, P and K absorbed by spinach plants. Correlation analysis revealed that the relationship between the amount of magnesium absorbed and the amount of lead absorbed by spinach plants was significantly positive correlation. This study indicated that appropriate application of magnesium fertilizer can reduce lead bioavailability in the lead-contaminated soil, alleviate lead harm to plants, increase production and improve quality. It has certain direct function to improve slight lead-contaminated soils and high yield and high quality production of spinach.

  The Application of Effective Water Lower Limit in the Assessment of Soil Moisture 2013, 3 (5):  31-33.  Abstract + ( 1163 )   PDF ( 1215KB )   ( 1362 ) The current drought and soil moisture content evaluation all using field capacity for available soil water cap classification evaluation, this method can not reflect low relative humidity of soil in different area differences. The paper based on soil water physical properties of automatic meteorological soil water station, put forward the new soil moisture level, through making full use of the site information provide more specific and accurate evaluation criteria, which avoided the soil sampling random error. It was important for automatic soil moisture station applied to regional drought monitoring and evaluation.

  Study on the Lagerstroemia indica Cultivars in Shaoyang City Ⅲ 2013, 3 (5):  34-41.  Abstract + ( 1255 )   PDF ( 6591KB )   ( 1212 ) The Lagerstroemia indica is the important ornamental flower in summer. There are more than fifty varieties of Lagerstroemia indica in China at present. The Lagerstroemia indica varieties were investigated in Shaoyang City. 100 L. indica varieties were found that belong to L. indica Amabilis Group, L. indica Rubra Group, L. indica Alba Group and L. indica Bicolor Group. The information of 69 L. indica varieties was collected in details which are newly found. Because of the limited length of a paper, the details were reported in three papers. 23 new varieties of L. indica Alba Group and L. indica Bicolor Group were reported in the paper.

  Comprehensive Evaluation of 32 Kidney Bean Germplasm Resources 2013, 3 (5):  42-46.  Abstract + ( 1206 )   PDF ( 1080KB )   ( 1491 ) In order to strengthen further study of the collected kidney bean germplasm resources and select the varieties which are suitable for areas with weak sunshine and high rainfall to cultivate, 32 kidney beans have been cultivated and studied for their comprehensive characteristics, including the botanical, the biological, the agricultural, the nutritional characteristics and the disease-resistance. There were 11 purple flowers varieties and 15 white flowers varieties; 6 shares with dwarfing and 26 shares with sprawling; 7 shares with the single plant productivity of more than 0.25 kg, 7 shares with the single plant productivity of less than 0.15 kg; 9 shares with the protein content of more than 5 g/100 g, 8 shares with the vitamin C content of more than 26 mg/100 g, 9 shares with the soluble solids of more than 4.3% and 4 shares with the total sugar of more than 2 g/100 g. The varieties such as ‘Xinxuanbaibulaojiadou’, ‘Honghuasijidou’ and ‘jiadou-1’ had better comprehensive characteristics, good quality, higher nutrition value, stronger disease-resistance and better yield in our experiment. So they were suitable for areas with weak sunshine and high rainfall to cultivate.

  Study on Yield Effect of Fresh-eating Bean Intercropped with Vegetable in Different Ways in Greenhouse 2013, 3 (5):  47-52.  Abstract + ( 1285 )   PDF ( 1490KB )   ( 1328 ) The present studies were carried out to characterize effects of three different spacing forms and three intercropping patterns(fresh-eaten broad bean /lettuce, fresh-eaten broad bean /heitacai and fresh-eaten broad bean /pea) on the yield of fresh-eaten broad bean in plastic greenhouse. Results showed that the broad bean yield of sole cropping in wide-narrow row plantation with a distance of (130 cm+70 cm,T1) and (160 cm +40 cm,T2) patterns are significantly less than that of the (100 cm +100 cm,T0) pattern, about 9.25% and 22.27%, respectively. The yields of fresh-eaten broad bean about three different intercroppings vegetables between rows is adopted to grow lettuce, heitacai and pea, comparing to broad bean sole cropping respectively, were 9.72% and 14.91% increase ,and 16.98% decrease in treatment T2, and 6.27% declined, 5.86% growth and 18.41% down in treatment T1, 10.86% fall, 3.23% rose and 24.07% contracted in treatment T0. Our results implied that the three kinds of vegetable production about three different spacing forms indicates the following order of importance:T2>T1>T0.

  The Exploration of Wood Equilibrium Moisture Content Under Vacuum Condition 2013, 3 (5):  53-55.  Abstract + ( 1219 )   PDF ( 1188KB )   ( 1257 ) In order to analyze the influence of relative humidity, temperature and ambient absolute pressure on the wood EMC (equilibrium moisture content), the author chose small samples of Russian larch (Larix gmelinii Rupr.) as experimental material and measured their EMCs with the weigh method under the condition of relative humidity ranging from 40% to 90%, temperature ranging from 45℃ to 70℃ and ambient absolute pressure ranging from 30kPa to 70kPa in the vacuum tank. Then the influence of the relative humidity, temperature and absolute pressure on the equilibrium moisture content was investigated, respectively. Results indicated that: EMC of Russian larch increased from 6.13% to 13.18% as the relative humidity increased from 40% to 90% (70%, 50 kPa); EMC decreased from 16.60% to 8.40% as temperature increased from 45℃ to 70℃ (70%, 50 kPa); EMC decreased from 6.66% to 6.02% as ambient absolute pressure increased from 30 kPa to 70 kPa (50%, 70℃). Therefore, EMC of Russian larch under vacuum was affected as follows: it increased with the increasing relative humidity, decreased with the increasing temperature and ambient absolute pressure.

  Propagation of Calophyllum inophyllum L. by Upper Air Layering 2013, 3 (5):  56-57.  Abstract + ( 1291 )   PDF ( 1041KB )   ( 1591 ) In order to explore the fast asexual propagation technology, 50、100、200、400 mg/L NAA were used as rooting agents for air layering of Calophyllum inophyllum L., while ddH2O as the controlled agents. The result showed that all of the treatment combinations got high rooting rate and transplantation survival rate, but the combination of ddH2O was the best with 100% rooting rate and transplantation survival rate.

  Study on Pesticide Safety Prevention and Control of Edible Fungi Industry in Beijing Area 2013, 3 (5):  58-61.  Abstract + ( 1197 )   PDF ( 1119KB )   ( 1421 ) pesticide residue problem is a major obstacle to the healthy development of mushroom industry in china. Based on the field investigation, edible fungus enterprises online information and statistical data access, analysis of the principle and advantage of edible fungi in Beijing pesticide safety prevention and control, and the existing problems, and puts forward the methods and measures of edible fungi in Beijing pesticide safety prevention and control, to provide reference for the prevention and control of edible fungi pesticide safety and environmental protection in Beijing.

  Interpretation and Suggestions on Construction Standards for High Standard of Basic Farmland 2013, 3 (5):  62-65.  Abstract + ( 1277 )   PDF ( 1293KB )   ( 1595 ) This paper studies the "high standard" orientation of basic farmland construction, and points out key problems: the difficult task of construction; standard thinning problem; capital investment and construction tasks are "down" phenomenon; working mechanism is not perfect, cultivated land segmentation and finely phenomenon is serious; land ownership is complicated; and scattered funds, and labor out, and incongruous new rural construction as well etc. To expedite the construction of high standards basic farmland, to promote the work, the thesis puts forward some suggestions to ensure national food safety, mainly including: the emancipating mind, and the innovative ideas; the scientific planning, and high responsibility, and respectful people's opinion; strengthened funds management, and innovative work mechanism; the promotion of construction of the "soft power" level, and the final-period management of the project.

  The Study on Operating Mechanism of Exhibition Agriculture in Beijing 2013, 3 (5):  66-69.  Abstract + ( 1235 )   PDF ( 1120KB )   ( 1334 ) Abstract: Taking exhibition agriculture in Beijing as the object, the paper analyzed internal factors of exhibition agricultural system, and concluded three operating forms of exhibition agriculture according to the interactivity between internal factors, that was a government cultivation form, a promoting characteristic industry form, and a market cultivation form. Then the paper analyzed some problems existing in the operation of exhibition agriculture which were that the number of exhibition is too much to brand effect; and were lack of professional companies of agriculture exhibition；and were lack of professional agricultural associations; and the government leading in agriculture exhibition. In order to accelerate exhibition agriculture in Beijing healthily, the paper proposed to build the operating mechanism that the government emphasized on guide and service, technological innovation became a kind of measure, and unique agriculture industry was origin of force, and professional agricultural exhibition was a driving force, and the operation of the market was the link.

  Status and Think Deeply on the Agro-Product Geographical Indications in Shangluo 2013, 3 (5):  70-73.  Abstract + ( 1282 )   PDF ( 1071KB )   ( 1786 ) Based on the review of literatures, data collection and on-the-spot investigation, this paper analyzed the advantages of Agro-Product Geographical Indications in Shangluo, such as location, resources, policy guidance and the market demand. There had been a number of characteristic agricultural products base，some Agro-Product Geographical Indications and regional brands in Shangluo. The problems such as protection and training slowly, disconnection of protection and development still existed. We proposed to strengthen policy support and promotion, extend the industrial chain, accelerate the protection of Agro-Product Geographical Indications, so as to create some well-known brands, enhance the comprehensive competitiveness, and play its due role in the development of regional economy.

  Study of Rural Land Circulation Problems Under the Perspective of Speeding up Modern Agricultural Development 2013, 3 (5):  74-78.  Abstract + ( 1249 )   PDF ( 1406KB )   ( 1574 ) Based on consolidating the basic system of household contract management, it was discussed that the accelerating rural land circulation, promoting the sustainable utilization of cultivated land resources, promoting the moderate scale management of agriculture, increasing agricultural economies of scale, and enhancing the vitality of the agricultural market main body is the objective requirement of developing modern agriculture. Many constraints of accelerating the circulation of rural land were analyzed, such as farmer's narcissism complex, grass-roots organizations lacking of guidance, inadequate service system, and weak modern agricultural management. According to system engineering theory, the supply of land circulation market positively, cultivating land circulation market demand, cultivating land circulation intermediary service market, strengthening the supervision of land circulation market comprehensive countermeasures were put forward.