Current issue

• 2019 Vol.9 No.1 Published:18 January 2019

  Cultivating a Workforce Dedicated to the Sannong Issues (Agriculture, Rural Community and Farmers) 莫广刚 2019, 9 (1):  1-6.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18110006 Abstract + ( 806 )   PDF ( 1169KB )   ( 595 ) When Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Communist Party of China, visited Shanxi Province in June 21-23, 2017, he proposed for the first time the building of a dedicated workforce to the Sannong issues (agriculture, rural community and farmers). In the 19th CPC National Congress report, he once again highlights the necessity to cultivate a workforce that understands agriculture, devotes to rural community and is sincere to farmers. By analyzing the composition and status quo of the workforce, the study points out that with the allround development of agriculture and rural economy and society, the problems of the Sannong workforce have become more obvious, to accelerate its cultivation is the requirement of both the rural revitalization strategy and the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. To practice Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, comprehensive measures should be taken to build a cultivating mechanism for the Sannong workforce, work out policy incentives to facilitate the devotion of the workforce, and use role models to encourage more people to contribute to agricultural and rural development.

  Selection and Breeding of Super-high Yield Maize‘Xundan29’ 2019, 9 (1):  7-10.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18030026 Abstract + ( 628 )   PDF ( 1056KB )   ( 590 ) Abstract:‘Xundan29’, a maize hybrid, is bred using the self-selected inbred line‘Xun313’as the female parent and‘Xun66’as the male parent by Hebi Academy of Agricultural Sciences.‘Xundan29’has a series of advantages, such as super-high yield, density tolerance, strong stress resistance, moderate growth period, excellent quality, and high seed production. To promote the selection and breeding of maize in Huang-Huai- Hai area, the breeding background, breeding idea and breeding process of‘Xundan29’are introduced. Above all, some innovative ideas are put forward, such as germplasm improvement, inbred- line breeding and heterosis pattern.

  Genetic Ability of Net Photosynthesis Rate in Sorghum 2019, 9 (1):  11-15.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18040004 Abstract + ( 536 )   PDF ( 1168KB )   ( 416 ) To select parental lines and sorghum hybrid with high net photosynthesis rate, 18 crossing combinations were made by 3 sterile lines and 6 restorer lines with incomplete diallel cross method. The general combining ability (GCA) effect and special combining ability (SCA) effect of net photosynthesis rate on parental lines and crossing combination were analyzed at heading stage, anthesis stage and grain filling stage. Correlation analysis on net photosynthesis rate and main agronomic characters and yield were carried out. The results showed that the general combining ability of sterile line 162273A was the highest in net photosynthesis rate at heading stage, anthesis stage and grain filling stage, its relative effect value at these three stages was respectively 16.2706, 9.7331 and 11.9907. The general combining ability of restorer line 16727, 161011 and 161026 was the highest in net photosynthesis rate at the three growth stage respectively, with the relative effect value as 10.6624, 23.7309, and 18.0146. The special combining ability of crossing combination 162273A× 16878, 162279A×161026 and 162279A×161026 was the highest in net photosynthesis rate at the three growth stage respectively, with the relative effect value as 35.0123, 19.9455 and 33.0046. The ratio of additive genetic variance to genotype variance was low and the narrow-sense heritability was also low at the three growth stages. Correlation analysis showed that net photosynthesis rate had extremely significant positive correlation with grain weight per spike, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, biomass yield and the harvest index.

  Temporal and Spatial Changing of Farmland pH Value in Hanjiang District, Yangzhou 2019, 9 (1):  16-20.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18030013 Abstract + ( 1032 )   PDF ( 1897KB )   ( 644 ) The spatial-temporal changing of soil pH value over 30 years in the Hanjiang District of Yangzhou City was studied based on ArcGIS 10.1 and SPSS 19 by comparing 834 farmland soil samples collected in 2014 and 527 samples of the Second Soil Survey in 1984. The results showed that the average soil pH value in 2014 was 6.23, which was dominated by Grades II (6.5-7.5) and III (5.5-6.5), accounting for 92.66% of the entire cultivated area. In 1984, the soil pH value was mainly Grade II (6.5-7.5), accounting for 98.96% of the entire cultivated area. The pH value was 0.88 unit lower in 2014 than that in 1984. The pH value of cultivated soil showed an overall downward trend during the 30 years, mainly caused by acidic rainfall and fertilization.

  Effects of Biocontrol Agents and Organic Fertilizers on Microbial Flora in Tobacco Growing Soil 2019, 9 (1):  21-25.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18080009 Abstract + ( 584 )   PDF ( 1256KB )   ( 503 ) Soil microbial flora is an important biological index to measure soil biological fertility and health status. In order to study the effects of the combination of biocontrol agents and organic fertilizer on the microflora of tobacco planting soil. Through field plot experiments, designed test with two factors and complete combination. Determined the number of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi in tobacco soil of different treatments in different periods. The results showed that: the combination of biocontrol agent and organic fertilizer can roughly increase the number of bacteria and actinomycetes, and reduce the number of fungi, which in tobacco planting soil. In flue-cured flourishing period and maturity period, the number of bacteria in the combination of microbial inoculum and cow manure increased by 101% and 27.6% over cow manure alone. In the combination of microbial inoculum and cow manure or amino acid organic fertilizer, the number of actinomycetes was much more than other tests, especially during the boom period, the number of actinomycetes in the combination of microbial inoculum and amino acid organic fertilizer was higher than other treatments 205.2×104~277.3×104 cfu/g. The combination of microbial inoculum and the shrimp peptide organic fertilizer has the best effect on the soil fungi inhibiting. The number of fungi in flue-cured growth cycle have been at a low level. In summary, the combination of biocontrol agent and cow manure can effectively improve the microflora of tobacco planting soil, change it from "fungal type" to "bacterial type". It is the most suitable combination for Panzhihua to apply in tobacco area.

  Agriculture and Edible-fungi Resources Recycling in Shandong Province: Research Progress of Recycling Model 2019, 9 (1):  26-29.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17110008 Abstract + ( 691 )   PDF ( 1169KB )   ( 520 ) The recycling use of edible-fungi resources is a hotspot in the combined development of ecological agriculture and edible mushroom industry. Shandong is a major edible fungi production province, during the industrial development, it has developed the recycling agriculture model that integrates agricultural straw and other waste resources recycling with the efficient cultivation of edible fungi, such as the small scale and the mesoscale recycling models. This article summarizes the characteristics and applicability of different models, analyzes the structural functions of their operation and guarantee system, and the economic benefits and existing problems, and discusses the prospects of their development.

  Research Progress of Apple in Tibet 李艳峰 2019, 9 (1):  30-34.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18010010 Abstract + ( 651 )   PDF ( 1109KB )   ( 586 ) Tibet has diversified climate resources and abundant fruit tree resources. This region is roughly divided into 4 areas according to its terrain and climate characteristics. This paper studies the current main apple planting areas in Tibet, summarizes apple tree planting history and status in the region, and analyzes the reasons for its inadequate development, including less research and utilization of apple rootstock resources, undiversified introduction varieties, unreasonable industry structure, the shortage of professional talents, imperfect extension service system, undistinguished regional characteristics and lacking highland characteristic apple brand. The authors suggest that in apple production in Tibet, attention should be paid to the effect of rootstock in apple production, the breeding of good stock, the introduction and breeding of new varieties and the promotion of high quality apple cultivation techniques, as well as the design of industrial development plan, the adjustment of regional industrial layout, the full use of unique resource of Tibet and the cultivation of new varieties.

  Determination of Cadmium Residues in Eriocheir sinensis by ICP-MS 2019, 9 (1):  35-40.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18080011 Abstract + ( 578 )   PDF ( 1340KB )   ( 497 ) The paper aims to establish a simple and effective detection method for heavy metal cadmium residues in Eriocheir sinensis by using wet and microwave digestion methods. The two pre-treatment methods were tested, using ICP-MS determination of cadmium within the gonads (G), muscles (M) and all edible parts of the animal (B), and their recovery rates were used to compare each method’s reliability. Experimental results from the wet digestion method showed that, for pre-treatment, the detection limit of cadmium in G, M and B was between 0.0025-0.0045 μg/g, the recycling rate was 96.24%±2.13%, 99.93%±3.50% and 94.74%± 1.42%, respectively, and the recovery rate of M was significantly higher than that of G and B (P<0.05). Results from the microwave digestion method revealed that, for pre-treatment, the detection limit of cadmium in G, M and B was between 0.0012- 0.0027 μg/g, the recycling rate was 104.76% ± 7.40% , 92.38% ± 10.26% and 91.850%±4.25%, respectively, the recovery rate of gonad samples (G) was significantly higher than that of M and B (P<0.05). That the pre-treatment method affected the recovery rate of matrix, and the different pretreatment methods were applicable to different substrates. In handling crab muscle, the best choice was the wet digestion method; while the microwave digestion method was better for gonadal studies. When dealing with the entire edible part, both methods could be reliable. Considering that the recovery rates were acceptable, the microwave digestion method had characteristics of simple, rapid and short operation time, plus less reagent consumption. Therefore, the microwave digestion method should be selected as the pre- reatment method in practical operation.

  Consumers’Awareness of Pollution-free Aquatic Products and Analysis of Consuming Behavior in Yantai 张启宇,杨建辉,,刘伟玲 and 2019, 9 (1):  41-45.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18100010 Abstract + ( 422 )   PDF ( 1293KB )   ( 550 ) To improve the consumers’awareness of pollution- free aquatic products, and promote their consuming behavior, the cross-statistical description and significance analysis were adopted to conduct an empirical analysis of the consumers’awareness of aquatic products quality and safety and consuming behavior in Yantai city. The results showed that the comprehensive score of quality safety awareness of consumers of aquatic products was 22.35, which was at the middle level. With the increase of age and education, consumers’ awareness of the pollution-free aquatic products increased, and the correlation reached a significant level. The consumers’awareness of pollution-free aquatic products was positively related to their consuming behavior, which was significantly associated with consumers’willingness; although most respondents expressed strong willingness to buy pollution-free aquatic products, most people were merely willing to pay 10% more than the regular price. The consumers’awareness of pollution-free aquatic products needs to be further improved.

  Clean-briquette Reverse-combustion Hot-blast Furnace: Intensive Flue-curing Test 2019, 9 (1):  46-53.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18030030 Abstract + ( 605 )   PDF ( 1546KB )   ( 608 ) [Objective] Considering the situation that the air energy and the biomass fuel isn’t yet taken as the main fuel instead of the coal and the target that the tobacco is cured with no duty for heating, the high control precision of chamber temperature, energy saving and environment protection, [Method] air flow, heat transfer and combustion process had been optimized inside the furnace through no-load simulation tests and intensive flue-cured tobacco tests, a kind of clean-briquette reverse-combustion hot-blast furnace is developed. [Result] The coal-preloading channel and the ash-clearing channel merged into the operation channel whose inlet was sealed by the outer furnace door. The gap in the lateral wall of the static pressure chamber was blocked by the inner furnace door. Several blazing crimson anthracite was placed in the center of coal-bed top to ignite the briquette bed. The exhaust temperature was as low as 44 to 77 degree Centigrade. The maximum negative pressure inside the new furnace reached negative 2 to negative 8 Pascal in the stage of steady temperature 58 to 63 degree Centigrade. The baking heating for about 8 days could be obtained when 800 briquettes were loaded into the furnace one-time and the change range of the baking barn temperature was negative 0.2 to positive 0.2 degree Centigrade. The anti-burning furnace saved 26.4% relatively and 993 kg standard coal and 1750 RMB yuan of operating cost per year per unit compared with the metal furnace. The particle, the nitrogen oxide discharge and the sulfur dioxide discharge from the flue gas was lower than that of Standard for Emission of Air Pollutants in Industrial Furnaces (GB9078-1996). Its grade structure of dry leaf was better and its inner quality slightly better and its appearance quality the same and its rate of sugar to alkali more reasonable and its chemical composition more harmonious. [Conclusion] The feasibility that the anti-burning furnace is applied to the intensive flue-cured tobacco process is proved and a new plan is provided for the technical upgrading reconstruction of metal furnace.

  Research Progress of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Molecular Markers in Wheat Genetic Breeding 吴澎, and 田纪春 2019, 9 (1):  54-58.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17120018 Abstract + ( 744 )   PDF ( 1087KB )   ( 835 ) To understand the research progress of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers in wheat genetic breeding and to lay a foundation for further study of flour products, the characteristics of SNP markers and the commonly used detection methods are summarized, including DNA conformation, high resolution curve and direct sequencing methods. The research progress of SNP markers in construction of genetic map, crop breeding, genome-wide association analysis, genetic diversity and species evolution are reviewed. At last, it is proposed that high-throughput SNP chips of different crops should be developed to make the SNP research in the direction of high-throughput and whole-genome development, and to cultivate wheat varieties with goodflour sensory characteristics.

  A Comparison of Chemical Constituents in Different Parts of Honeysuckle 2019, 9 (1):  59-61.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18030005 Abstract + ( 607 )   PDF ( 1200KB )   ( 473 ) This study aims to compare the chemical constituents in stems, leaves and flowers of honeysuckle. The contents of flavonoids, vitamin C, chlorogenic acid, soluble protein, free amino acid, soluble sugar and polysaccharide are measured by sulfuric acid- anthrone method, phenol- sulfuric acid method, 2,6- di chlorphenol indophenol titration method, Coomassie brilliant blue method, ninhydrin coloration method, and ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Results showed that the content of flavonoids and vitamin C in honeysuckle organs were leaf > flower > stem, the content of chlorogenic acid, soluble protein and free amino acid in honeysuckle organs were flower > leaf > stem, although the content in flower was the highest, there were also certain contents in leaves and stems; the soluble sugar content in honeysuckle organs was stem > flower > leaf, and the polysaccharide content was stem > leaf > flower. This study provides a basis for comprehensive utilization of honeysuckle.

  Experience and Enlightenment of the Protection and Development of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems: A Case of Oita 2019, 9 (1):  62-64.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18120009 Abstract + ( 631 )   PDF ( 1003KB )   ( 619 ) The author sketches the application of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) in China and Japan, and summarizes the valuable experience of the protection and development of Kunisaki Peninsula Usa Integrated Forestry, Agriculture and Fisheries System in Japan, such as high level of government publicity and civic participation, reasonable positioning of government and enterprises in protection, high degree of marketization of enterprises, and conveying important concepts by enriching experience activities. On this basis, the author puts forward suggestions for the protection and development of China’s GIAHS in terms of protection concepts, management mechanism and scientific popularization, in which, the focuses should be the dynamic protection and adaptive management of GIAHS, the establishment of an operation model of government and social capital cooperation with mutual benefit, benign interaction and sustainable development, and the strengthening of the internal and external publicity to raise the degree of public awareness and protect willingness of GIAHS.

  National Modern Agricultural Demonstration Zone in Nanchong: Development Research 2019, 9 (1):  65-81.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18030017 Abstract + ( 684 )   PDF ( 1606KB )   ( 750 ) Taking the national modern agricultural demonstration zone of Nanchong as an example, we summarized the geographical features and natural conditions of agricultural development in Nanchong, as well as the basic situation and main methods of demonstration zone construction from the aspects of the actuality of development, performance evaluation, mechanism innovation, opportunities and challenges, and the follow-up considerations. Then, we pointed out the achievements and deficiencies in the development of demonstration zone, and summarized its fundamental experiences of the exemplary, leading and radiation effects. Moreover, taking the supply-side structural reform as the main line, we put forward the pathways, tasks and policies for the cluster development of modern agriculture in Nanchong.

  The Behavioral Choice Game of the Three Parties in Rural Land Circulation in Underdeveloped Areas:Analysis of Contractors, Farmers and Intermediaries 2019, 9 (1):  82-88.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18080005 Abstract + ( 679 )   PDF ( 1415KB )   ( 447 ) The game theory can optimize the behavior of contractors and farmers in land circulation in underdeveloped areas. Intermediaries as a recessive factor, together with contractors and farmers, become important factors for economic analysis of land circulation in underdeveloped areas. Using the method of extended dynamic game model between contractors and farmers under the government guidance, we analyzed the behavioral choices of contractors and farmers, and conducted an economic analysis on the behavior of the contractors, farmers and intermediaries. The results showed that contractors’and farmers’behavioral choices through cross acting could obtain the optimal strategy, which was the high price contract and the circulation price of by intermediary intervention, it was verified by putting the game tree transformed into game matrix; the profit maximization confirmed the necessity of high price contracting by contractors and the establishment of intermediaries in underdeveloped areas, the endowment effect of farmers affected farmers’behavioral choices of land circulation. Rural land circulation in underdeveloped areas has a long-term process to recover the profits when the contracts are at high prices, and the long-term cooperation of farmers and intermediaries are needed to achieve tripartite wins. During this process, government guidance is crucial.

  Analysis and Thinking about the Construction of Nanfan Silicon Valley 张雨良,方艳玲,许桓瑜 and 郭安平 2019, 9 (1):  89-95.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18110014 Abstract + ( 765 )   PDF ( 1259KB )   ( 544 ) The construction of the Nanfan Silicon Valley is an important instruction of General Secretary Xi Jinping to the work of Off-Season Breeding. In the study, we analyzed the significance and role of the Nanfan Silicon Valley, summarized the achievements of the national Off- Season Breeding scientific research, and pointed out that innovation support to the Off-Season Breeding industry should be enhanced, the research condition and platform should be integrated, and the public service for scientific research should be improved. Under the background of implementing innovation-driven development strategies and building an innovative country, we put forward the basic construction ideas of building the Off-Season Breeding Innovation Center into Nanfan Silicon Valley, making it an innovation locomotive, talent incubator and booster of an internationalized seed industry, thus to guarantee the construction of the Nanfan Silicon Valley from the aspects of organization, capital, talents, and infrastructure.

  Integrated Farming of Rice and Fish: Strategy in Precise Poverty Relief in Rural Areas Taking Honghe Terraced Fields in Yunnan as an Example 朱文联 and 2019, 9 (1):  96-100.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18030015 Abstract + ( 456 )   PDF ( 1078KB )   ( 577 ) The paper aims to explore the strategies of the integrated farming of rice and fish in precise poverty relief. We took the integrated farming of rice and loach in Honghe Terraced Fields in Yunnan as object, and analyzed the scientificity of variety selection, the feasibility and the benefit of the breeding technology. The results showed that: under the condition of changing single-season rice planting of the traditional model in Honghe Terraced Fields, while remaining the field in idle for the rest of the year, we adopted the“singleseason rice, two-crop loach”integrated farming and made full use of the terraced resources, the output per hectare could be improved from 10500-12000 yuan to 45000-90000 yuan. The rice-loach integrated farming can effectively improve the benefit of terrace so as to enable the precise poverty relief in Honghe, and demonstrate for the sustainable protection of terraced fields.