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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (2): 56-61.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190600069

所属专题： 生物技术； 园艺

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

减量复合肥配施生物有机肥对番茄土壤肥力及酶活性的影响

赵满兴1,2, 刘慧1, 王静1, 常慧璇1, 程治蓉1   

  1. 1 延安大学生命科学学院,陕西延安 716000
    2 陕西省红枣重点实验室（延安大学）,陕西延安 716000
  • 收稿日期:2019-06-10 修回日期:2019-07-25 出版日期:2020-02-24 发布日期:2020-02-24
  • 作者简介:赵满兴,男,1971年出生,副教授,博士,主要从事植物养分调控研究。通信地址：716000 陕西省延安市圣地路580号 延安大学生命科学学院,Tel：0911-2332030,E-mail：zhaomanxing@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“可溶性有机氮在陕北黄土高原植被恢复中氮素转化中的作用”(41761068);延安市科学技术研究发展计划项目“大棚蔬菜节水减氮增效水肥管理技术研究”(2013-KN11);延安大学研究生教育创新计划“化肥减量配施有机肥对盆栽番茄产量及品质的影响”(YCX201807);陕西省大学生创新创业训练计划项目“化肥减量配施生物有机肥对大棚辣椒产量及品质影响”(S201910719027)

Reduced Compound Fertilizer with Bio-organic Fertilizer: Effects on Soil Fertility and Enzyme Activity of Tomato

Zhao Manxing1,2, Liu Hui1, Wang Jing1, Chang Huixuan1, Cheng Zhirong1   

  1. 1 College of Life Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, Shaanxi, China;
    2 Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Jujube (Yan’an University), Yan’an 716000, Shaanxi, China;
  • Received:2019-06-10 Revised:2019-07-25 Online:2020-02-24 Published:2020-02-24

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摘要：

为明确复合肥减量配施生物有机肥的效果,以‘图腾’番茄为研究对象,研究在复合肥减量10%~30%条件下,配施与所减复合肥等质量的生物有机肥对土壤养分及酶活性的影响。结果表明：配施生物有机肥较不施肥处理(CK)可显著提高土壤速效养分,与复合肥处理(TK)相比,有机质、碱解氮、速效钾和速效磷分别显著提高了6.42%~26.11%、14.75%~26.23%、4.38%~10.74%和26.63%~39.09%。苗期,配施生物有机肥较CK和TK处理降低了土壤酶活性;开花期,F1、F2和F3处理分别使脲酶活性和过氧化氢酶活性显著提高73.05%~92.74%和14.65%~32.23%,成熟期仅F2处理使脲酶活性提高10.90%,F1、F2和F3分别使过氧化氢酶活性显著提高55.56%、82.22%和76.67%,随番茄生长期的延长,过氧化氢酶活性呈先增加后降低趋势。

关键词: 生物有机肥, 化肥减施, 番茄, 过氧化氢酶, 脲酶, 土壤肥力

Abstract:

To clarify the effect of compound fertilizer reduction with bio-organic fertilizer, taking a tomato cultivar ‘Tuteng’ as the study object, we studied the effects of applying bio-organic fertilizer combined with different compound fertilizer reduction (10%, 20% and 30%) on soil fertility and enzyme activity. The results showed that: compared with conventional fertilization (CK), chemical fertilizer reduction combined with bio-organic fertilizer could significantly increase the soil available nutrients, compared with compound fertilizer (TK) treatment, the contents of soil organic matter, balkali-nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium increased by 6.42%-26.11%, 14.75%-26.23%, 4.38%-10.74% and 26.63%-39.09%, respectively; compared with CK and TK, chemical fertilizer reduction combined with bio-organic fertilizer significantly decreased soil enzyme activity during seedling period; and increased the activities of urease and catalase at flowering stage by 73.05%-92.74% and 14.65%-32.23%, respectively; during maturity, the bio-organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer reduction 20% (F2) increased the urease activity by 10.90%, and the bio-organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer reduction 10%, 20%, 30% (F1, F2, F3) significantly increased the catalase activity by 55.56%, 82.22% and 76.67%, respectively; with the extension of the growth period of tomato, the catalase activity increased first and then decreased.

Key words: Bio-organic Fertilizer, Chemical Fertilizer Reduction, Tomato, Catalase, Urease, Soil Fertility

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