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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (12): 28-32.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0079

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

杭州湾砂质海涂土壤质量随围垦时间的演变

闻秀娟1(), 顾国平1, 厉方桢1, 谢舻1, 章明奎2()   

  1. 1 绍兴市农业科学研究院，浙江绍兴 312035
    2 浙江大学环境与资源学院，杭州 310058
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-18 修回日期:2024-07-19 出版日期:2024-12-20 发布日期:2024-12-20
  • 通讯作者:
    章明奎，男，1964年出生，浙江绍兴人，教授，博士，主要从事土壤质量管理方面的研究。通信地址：310058 杭州市西湖区余杭塘路866号 浙江大学紫金港校区环境与资源学院，Tel：0571-86946076，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    闻秀娟，女，1979年出生，浙江绍兴人，农艺师，本科，主要从事土壤与肥料方面的研究。通信地址：312035 浙江省绍兴市越城区敬宾路180号 绍兴市农业科学研究院，Tel：0575-88602695，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目“亚热带小型海岛丘陵土壤的发生与空间分异及其土系建立的研究”(42271047); 绍兴市科技计划项目“丛枝菌根真菌和生物炭互作调控土壤水稻体系中硒迁移特性研究”(2023A12004)

Evolution of Soil Quality of Sandy Marine Soils in Hangzhou Bay with Reclamation Time

WEN Xiujuan1(), GU Guoping1, LI Fangzhen1, XIE Lu1, ZHANG Mingkui2()   

  1. 1 Shaoxing Agricultural Science Research Institute, Shaoxing 312035, Zhejiang, China
    2 College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
  • Received:2024-04-18 Revised:2024-07-19 Online:2024-12-20 Published:2024-12-20

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摘要：

为了解围垦海涂土壤在利用过程中土壤质量的演变规律，采样分析了杭州湾下沙大桥至嘉绍大桥段不同时期围垦的砂质海涂土壤肥力性状，探讨了砂质海涂土壤质量指标随围垦利用时间的变化。结果表明：砂质海涂土壤脱盐、脱钙较为迅速，围垦15~30 a后，土壤盐分下降至1 g/kg以下，达到农作物安全范围；围垦100 a后表土已基本脱钙，下层土壤脱钙率也在50%以上。砂质海涂围垦后，土壤有机质、氮素、磷素逐渐积累，钾素逐渐下降。围垦15~30 a后，表土有机质、全氮和全磷分别比围垦前高出111%、39%和33%；围垦100 a后表土全钾比围垦前下降了12%。随着围垦利用时间的增加，表土有效钙、有效镁、有效硼、有效钼含量逐渐下降，重金属含量有轻微增加的趋势。砂涂土壤中水稳定性团聚体含量很低，但其也可随围垦时间增加。总体上，围垦砂质海涂土壤质量随利用时间增加，逐步向有利于作物生长方向发展。

关键词: 砂质海涂, 杭州湾, 围垦, 土壤肥力质量, 肥力性状, 盐分, 有机质, 演变

Abstract:

To understand the evolution pattern of soil quality of the marine soils with land use process, the fertility characteristics of the soils with different periods of reclamation from Xiasha Bridge to Jiashao Bridge in Hangzhou Bay were sampled and analyzed. The changes in quality indicators of the soils with reclamation time were explored subsequently. The results showed that the desalination and decalcification of sandy soil were relatively rapid. After 15 to 30 years of reclamation, the soil salt content decreased to less than 1 g/kg, reaching the safe range for crops. After 100 years of cultivation, the surface soil had been decalcified, and the decalcification rate of the subsoil was higher than 50%. After the reclamation of sand marine, soil organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus gradually accumulated, while potassium gradually decreased. After 15 to 30 years of reclamation, the organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the topsoil were 111%, 39% and 33% higher than that before reclamation, respectively. After 100 years of reclamation, the total potassium in the topsoil decreased by 12% as compared with before reclamation. With the increase of reclamation and utilization time, the content of available calcium, available magnesium, available boron and available molybdenum in the topsoil gradually decreased, while the content of heavy metals showed a slight increase trend. The content of water-stable aggregates in the soils was very low, but it could also increase with reclamation time. Overall, the soil quality of reclaimed sandy marine soils develops in a clear trend that is conducive to crop growth with the increase of utilization time.

Key words: sand marine soils, Hangzhou bay, reclamation, soil fertility quality, fertility characters, salt content, organic matter, evolution