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农学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (12): 8-14.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0165

• 农艺科学 生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

两个优质软米新品种田间抗病丰产试验

杨荣教1,2(), 王白1,2, 王白昌1,2, 张碧胜1,2, 李学梅3, 夏再兴1,2, 余选礼1,2(), 陈以相1,2()   

  1. 1 云南省德宏州农业技术推广中心, 云南芒市 678400
    2 云南省德宏州农业科学研究所, 云南芒市 678400
    3 云南省德宏州植保植检站, 云南芒市 678400
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-16 修回日期:2024-11-26 出版日期:2025-12-20 发布日期:2025-12-16
  • 通讯作者:
    余选礼,男,1975年出生,云南会泽人,高级农艺师,本科,主要从事水稻新品种选育及示范推广工作。通信地址:678400 云南省德宏州芒市团结大街163号,Tel:0692-2121750,E-mail:
    陈以相,男,1990年出生,云南腾冲人,高级农艺师,硕士研究生,主要从事农作物病虫害研究。通信地址:678400 云南省德宏州芒市团结大街163号,Tel:0692-2121750,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    杨荣教,男,1989年出生,云南梁河人,农艺师,硕士研究生,主要从事水稻新品种选育及示范推广工作。通信地址:678400 云南省德宏州芒市团结大街163号,Tel:0692-2121750,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    云南省党外知识分子服务基地项目“水稻种质资源圃建设、新品种选育及试验示范推广研究”(德财行〔2024〕120号); 德宏州“英才兴边”计划项目“产业技术拔尖人才”(DHYC-CYJSBJRC-2021-004)

Two New Varieties of High-quality Soft Rice: Field Experiment on Disease Resistance and High Yield

YANG Rongjiao1,2(), WANG Bai1,2, WANG Baichang1,2, ZHANG Bisheng1,2, LI Xuemei3, XIA Zaixing1,2, YU Xuanli1,2(), CHEN Yixiang1,2()   

  1. 1 Dehong Agricultural Technology Promotion Center of Yunnan Province, Mangshi, Yunnan 678400
    2 Dehong Agricultural Sciences Research Institute of Yunnan Province, Mangshi, Yunnan 678400
    3 Dehong Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Yunnan Province, Mangshi, Yunnan 678400
  • Received:2024-08-16 Revised:2024-11-26 Online:2025-12-20 Published:2025-12-16

摘要:

对新选育的2个软米品种‘德稻1号’、‘德稻3号’进行综合评价,为云南软米品种的推广应用提供科学依据。通过在云南芒市、勐海、个旧、广南和元阳开展田间试验,以‘红优7号’为对照,对比了新品种‘德稻1号’、‘德稻3号’的田间农艺性状、抗病表现、产量性状和稻米品质。结果表明:‘德稻1号’生育期(151 d)最长,‘红优7号’(145 d)次之,‘德稻3号’(136 d)生育期最短;3个品种的株高无显著差异;主要病害田间发生总体较轻,其中‘德稻1号’和‘德稻3号’穗颈瘟、白叶枯病和纹枯病的病情指数均显著低于‘红优7号’;‘德稻1号’和‘德稻3号’的穗长、穗总粒数、穗实粒数、结实率和千粒重均高于‘红优7号’,平均产量分别比‘红优7号’高15.54%和6.89%;‘德稻1号’和‘德稻3号’的蒸煮品质优于‘红优7号’。从试验来看,与‘红优7号’相比,新品种‘德稻1号’和‘德稻3号’的综合表现突出,适应性好,可以在云南软米生产区进一步示范推广种植。

关键词: 水稻, 优质软米, 农艺性状, 抗病性, 丰产性, 适应性, 云南

Abstract:

In this study, with 'Hongyou 7' as the control, the field agronomic traits, disease-resistance performance, yield traits and rice quality of the new varieties 'Dedao 1' and 'Dedao 3' were compared to provide a scientific basis for the popularization and application of soft rice varieties in Yunnan. The results showed that the growth period of 'Dedao 1' (151 days) was the longest, followed by that of 'Hongyou 7' (145 days), and the growth period of 'Dedao 3' (136 days) was the shortest. There was no significant difference in plant height among the three varieties, and the occurrence of field diseases was generally mild. Among them, the disease indices of panicle neck blast, bacterial blight and sheath blight of 'Dedao 1' and 'Dedao 3' were significantly lower than those of 'Hongyou 7'. The panicle length, total number of grains per panicle, number of filled grains per panicle, seed-setting rate and 1000-grain weight of 'Dedao 1' and 'Dedao 3' were higher than those of 'Hongyou 7', and their average yields were 15.54% and 6.89% higher than that of 'Hongyou 7' respectively. The cooking quality of 'Dedao 1' and 'Dedao 3' was better than that of 'Hongyou 7'. Compared with 'Hongyou 7', the new varieties 'Dedao 1' and 'Dedao 3' have outstanding comprehensive performance and good adaptability, and can be further demonstrated, popularized and planted in the soft-rice production areas of Yunnan.

Key words: rice, high-quality soft rice, agronomic trait, disease resistance, high yield, adaptability, Yunnan