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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (4): 66-70.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2022-0020

• 林学 园艺 园林 食用菌 • 上一篇    下一篇

甘蓝—萝卜—白菜一年三收规模种植模式在咸阳北部的气候适宜性研究

刘艳1,2(), 王薇1(), 吕阳1, 刘军3, 刘新生1   

  1. 1 咸阳市气象局，陕西咸阳 712000
    2 陕西省气象局秦岭和黄土高原生态环境气象重点实验室，西安 710014
    3 彬州市水利局，陕西彬州 713500
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-28 修回日期:2022-09-27 出版日期:2023-04-20 发布日期:2023-04-18
  • 通讯作者: 王薇，女，1971年出生，河南孟州人，本科，主要从事应用气象服务工作。通信地址：712000 陕西省咸阳市秦都区中华西路 咸阳市气象局，Tel：029-33315884，E-mail：272407988@qq.com。
  • 作者简介:

    刘艳，女，1985年出生，陕西彬州人，硕士研究生，主要从事农业气象服务工作。通信地址：712000 陕西省咸阳市中华西路咸阳市气象局，Tel：029-33315935，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    咸阳市2019年重点研发项目“咸阳马栏红苹果及高山冷凉蔬菜种植气象条件适宜性研究与应用”(2019K02-127); 陕西省气象局秦岭和黄土高原生态环境气象重点实验室青年基金项目“咸阳冷凉蔬菜种植气候适宜性指标”(2020Y-8)

Climate Suitability of Cabbage-Radish-Chinese Cabbage Planting Pattern with Three Harvests a Year in Northern Xianyang

LIU Yan1,2(), WANG Wei1(), LV Yang1, LIU Jun3, LIU Xinsheng1   

  1. 1 Xianyang Meteorological Bureau, Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi, China
    2 Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Meteorology for Qinling Mountains and Loess Plateau, Shaanxi Meteorological Bureau, Xi’an 710014, Shaanxi, China
    3 Binzhou Water Conservancy Bureau, Binzhou 713500, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2022-02-28 Revised:2022-09-27 Online:2023-04-20 Published:2023-04-18

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摘要：

利用咸阳各地1991—2020年日平均气温、日平均最低气温，结合2020年旬邑、渭城大田生产数据和甘蓝、萝卜、白菜营养生长所需气象条件，规划甘蓝—萝卜—白菜一年三收生产模式，为充分利用气候资源、提高土地利用率提供理论依据。结果表明，适宜甘蓝营养生长的日平均气温为15~24℃，且该时段内逐日平均最低气温≤12℃的天数不超过16天；适宜萝卜营养生长的日平均气温11~25℃，日相对湿度>47%；适宜白菜营养生长的日平均气温为5~25℃，日最低气温≥-2℃。咸阳北部县（市）甘蓝—萝卜—白菜一年三收可以实现。咸阳南部各县（市、区）由于夏季气温偏高不适宜冷凉蔬菜生长。

关键词: 甘蓝, 萝卜, 白菜, 一年三收, 规模种植, 气候适宜性

Abstract:

To make full use of climatic resources and improve land utilization, this paper used the daily average temperature and daily average minimum temperature in Xianyang from 1991 to 2020, the field production data of Xunyi and Weicheng in 2020, and meteorological conditions required for the vegetative growth of cabbage, radish and Chinese cabbage, to design a three harvests a year planting pattern for vegetable production. The results showed that the daily average temperature suitable for the vegetative growth of cabbage was 15℃ to 24℃, and the number of days with the daily average minimum temperature lower than or equal to 12℃ during this period did not exceed 16 days. The daily average temperature suitable for the vegetative growth of radish was 11℃ to 25℃, and the daily relative humidity was more than 47%. The daily average temperature suitable for the vegetative growth of Chinese cabbage was 5℃ to 25℃, and the daily minimum temperature was higher than or equal to -2℃. The cabbage-radish-Chinese cabbage planting pattern could have three harvests a year in northern Xianyang, and the climate conditions of southern Xianyang are not suitable for cold vegetable growth due to high summer temperature.

Key words: cabbage, radish, Chinese cabbage, three harvests a year, large-scale planting, climate suitability