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农学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (5): 43-50.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2025-0048

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于GIS的平阴县农业用地适宜性评价及分析

封鹏飞1(), 申成龙1, 姜会忠2   

  1. 1 山东智拓地理信息工程有限公司, 济南 250100
    2 正元地理信息集团股份有限公司, 北京 101399
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-08 修回日期:2025-07-10 出版日期:2026-05-20 发布日期:2026-05-15
  • 作者简介:

    封鹏飞,男,1998年出生,助理工程师,硕士,研究方向:土地规划设计。通信地址:250100 山东省济南市历城区工业南路101号北楼4楼 山东智拓地理信息工程有限公司,E-mail:

GIS-based Suitability Evaluation and Analysis of Agricultural Land in Pingyin County

FENG Pengfei1(), SHEN Chenglong1, JIANG Huizhong2   

  1. 1 Shandong Zhituo Geographic Information Engineering Co., LTD, Jinan 250100
    2 Zhengyuan Geographic Information Group Co., LTD., Beijing 101399
  • Received:2025-02-08 Revised:2025-07-10 Online:2026-05-20 Published:2026-05-15

摘要:

为做好农用地保护工作,提升平阴县农用地利用效率,精准支撑县域土地规划与农业布局优化。本研究以平阴县第三次国土调查土地利用现状数据为基础,整合自然地理与人文社会要素,构建涵盖地形(高程、坡度)、土壤(类型、pH、有机质)、水资源(距水系距离)及人文条件(距道路距离、距居民点距离、土地利用现状)的 9 因子评价指标体系,采用主成分分析法确定因子权重,结合 GIS 空间分析与自然间断点分级法,对平阴县耕地、园地、林地三类农用地开展适宜性评价。结果表明:(1)平阴县耕地高度适宜区占比在33%,集中分布于西北黄河沿岸和东南汇河两岸地区。(2)园地和林地高度适宜区占比约在11%左右,分布较为松散,而南部中部山脉地区普遍适宜性较低。(3)受山脉地形影响,各乡镇农用地适宜性程度不同,空间分布不均匀,特别是孝直镇耕地高度适宜区面积达一半以上。GIS综合适宜性评价旨在识别潜在农用地,为科学规划和优化农用地空间布局提供支撑。

关键词: GIS, 适宜性评价, 空间分析, 农用地, 土地利用类型, 主成分分析法, 自然间断点分级法

Abstract:

To protect agricultural land and improve the efficiency of agricultural land use in Pingyin County, a suitability evaluation of agricultural land in Pingyin County was conducted. Based on the data of land use status of the third land survey in Pingyin County, this study selected nine evaluation factors, including topography, soil, water resources, and human and social factors, to construct an evaluation index system. Using the principal component analysis method to determine the factor weight, combined with GIS spatial analysis and natural breakpoint classification method, the suitability evaluation of cultivated land, garden land and forest land in Pingyin County was carried out. The results show that: (1) the proportion of highly suitable farmland in Pingyin County is 33%, concentrated along the northwest bank of the Yellow River and the southeast bank of the Hui River. (2) The proportion of areas suitable for gardens and forests is around 11%, distributed relatively loosely, while the southern central mountainous region is generally less suitable. (3) Due to the influence of mountainous terrain, the suitability of agricultural land varies among townships, with uneven spatial distribution. In particular, more than half of the arable land in Xiaozhi Township is highly suitable. This GIS comprehensive suitability assessment aims to identify potential agricultural land and provide support for scientific planning and optimization of agricultural land spatial layout.

Key words: GIS, suitability evaluation, spatial analysis, agricultural land, land use type, principal component analysis, natural breakpoint classification method

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