Abstract:

To investigate the response of physiological and yield traits of single seeding peanut to planting density and nitrogen application rate, the authors chose Shandong Yantai Zhaoyuan Ludong hilly land for crops of three ripening in two years. A field experiment was carried out on the export peanut variety ‘Huayu 22’ in 2018 and 2019, three planting densities (120000, 200000 and 280000 plants/ hm²) and four nitrogen application rates (N 0, 50, 115 and 180 kg/hm²) were set up. Peanut plant and yield traits were analyzed in different growth periods. The results showed that both planting density and nitrogen application rate significantly affected the dry matter weight, and plant and yield traits of peanut, and the interaction effect between them was significant. Under D2 density (200000 plants/hm²), the yield of peanut pods increased by 24.31%-45.04% and 10.57%-15.13% respectively compared with that of D1 (120000 plants/hm²) and D3 (280000 plants/hm²), the dry matter weight in mature period increased by 7.31%-32.34% and 10.65%-34.59% respectively, and the difference reached a significant level. Under D2 density (200000 hm²), the yield and dry matter weight of peanut pods under nitrogen application rate of 50-180 kg/hm² were significantly higher than those of nitrogen-free treatment, the nitrogen treatment showed N115>N180>N50>N0, peanut pod number reached the largest at 115 kg/hm² nitrogen application, increased by 6.83% and 3.90% compared with that of N50 and N180, the dry matter weight and plant traits were also improved. Under the condition of this experiment, the main yield traits of peanut increased with the increase of nitrogen application under low density of 120000 plants/hm², and the interaction effect of planting density of 200000 plants/hm² and nitrogen application rate of 115 kg/hm² was the best.

Key words: spring peanut, planting density, nitrogen application rate, single seeding, plant traits, yield traits