Abstract:

In order to improve the quality of peach fruits and determine the best harvest time, ‘Jiubao’ was used as the material. The variations of single fruit weight, diameter, hardness, soluble solids content and titratable acid content were analyzed in this study. The models of fruit quality and main meteorological factors were established with the multiple regression method. The results showed that the growth and development dynamics of single fruit weight and diameter presented ‘slow-fast-slow’ stage characteristics, and conformed to the Logister curve. The single fruit weight maximum value appeared at 91 days after flowering, the vertical diameter growth maximum value appeared at 66 days after flowering, and the horizontal diameter growth maximum value appeared 5 days later. With the ripening of peach fruits, the fruit hardness gradually decreased, and the soluble solids content increased with a gradually accelerated rate. The titratable acid content fluctuated in a small range at first and then decreased rapidly. Combined with the regression analysis results, the fruit quality was mainly affected by ≥18℃ cumulative temperature, ≥24℃ cumulative temperature, daily average temperature and cumulative sunshine hours. Under the conditions of ≥18℃ cumulative temperature ≥1170.21℃, ≥24℃ cumulative temperature ≥769.23℃, daily average temperature ≥27.00℃, and cumulative sunshine hours ≥318.89 h, the fruit quality could reach the best maturity.

Key words: Prunus persica, fruit quality, dynamic growth characteristics, meteorological factors