Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Operation on Yield and Yield Components of ‘Chaoyou 1000’

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0245

Abstract

Abstract:

The aim is to explore the effects of nitrogen fertilizer management on the yield and its constituent factors of ‘Chaoyou 1000’, and clarify the proportion of nitrogen fertilizer management and the yield increase mechanism of rice with high yield. Eight kinds of nitrogen fertilizer management treatments, including N₀ (no fertilization), N₁ (7:3), N₂ (6:4), N₃ (5:5), N₄ (4:6), N₅ (3:7), N₆ (2:8) and N₇(0:10), were used to study the effects of nitrogen fertilizer management on rice yield and yield components, leaf area index and dry matter with N₃ as the control. The results showed that the backward movement of nitrogen fertilizer increased the effective spike number, grain number per spike and nitrogen fertilizer agronomic efficiency, but had little effect on 1000-grain weight and seed setting rate. Under N₆, the yield and nitrogen agronomic efficiency were the highest, and the leaf area index reached the maximum value at the full heading stage. With the increase of nitrogen fertilizer backward migration at the critical leaf age, jointing stage and full heading stage of effective tillering, the leaf area index first increased, then decreased and then increased. The dry matter accumulation from full heading stage to maturity stage, the population growth rate increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer backward migration, and the harvest index gradually increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer backward migration. When the total amount of nitrogen application (pure nitrogen) was 420 kg/hm², the basic seedling was 28.95×10⁴/hm², and the transplanting density was 11.5 cm×30 cm, the ratio of nitrogen fertilizer was basal tiller: panicle fertilizer = 2:8, which was the most conducive to high yield.

Key words: rice, super hybrid rice, nitrogen fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer operation, yield, yield components, high yield, leaf area index, dry matter

ZHANG Junli, WANG Yao, XIA Qiongmei, ZHU Haiping, LONG Ruiping, LI Guiyong, DENG Anfeng, DU CHenqing, YANG Congdang. Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Operation on Yield and Yield Components of ‘Chaoyou 1000’[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2025, 15(8): 23-29.

Figures/Tables 5

References 29

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年份
2021	N₀	121.96±13.67b	235.74±33.02b	2.88±0.71c	78.04±3.66a	28.65±0.45a	6.52±1.82b	6.56±1.50c	—
	N₁	212.83±10.54a	259.73±29.79ab	5.23±0.38ab	73.23±5.17a	28.93±0.17a	11.64±0.72a	11.46±0.20b	11.65±0.47
	N₂	203.97±7.11a	257.22±7.52ab	5.25±0.22b	79.57±2.79a	28.34±0.61ab	11.82±0.13a	11.57±0.52b	11.93±1.23
	N₃	193.98±11.61a	270.79±5.19ab	5.25±0.24b	78.56±1.40a	28.72±0.42a	11.84±0.49a	11.13±0.85b	10.88±2.03
	N₄	209.28±6.28a	279.72±5.02a	5.85±0.10ab	75.71±3.40a	27.54±0.52bc	12.19±0.36a	12.20±0.50ab	13.43±1.19
	N₅	207.19±11.58a	278.17±26.43a	5.76±0.35ab	78.60±4.88a	28.00±0.73ab	12.62±0.28a	12.57±0.48ab	14.31±1.14
	N₆	207.51±8.94a	288.87±17.06a	5.99±0.31a	78.59±4.62a	26.86±0.54c	12.62±0.27a	13.04±0.38a	15.43±0.92
	平均值	193.81±9.96	267.18±17.71	5.17±0.33	77.47±4.10	28.15±0.49	11.32±0.58	11.21±0.63	12.94±1.16
2022	N₀	175.93±11.72c	249.21±6.84a	4.38±0.19b	77.66±3.90a	28.71±0.28a	9.77±0.68b	10.17±0.10b	—
	N₁	293.87±36.2b	270.30±34.87a	7.94±0.60a	75.79±3.13a	28.49±0.18ab	16.96±0.58a	16.59±1.22a	15.29±2.92
	N₂	308.37±40.00b	251.75±34.23a	7.76±0.13a	77.51±6.80a	28.36±0.40ab	16.88±1.65a	16.98±0.32a	16.20±0.76
	N₃	336.40±39.23ab	262.74±46.42a	8.84±0.92a	71.06±4.30a	28.37±0.05ab	17.53±0.83a	17.20±1.14a	16.74±2.73
	N₄	326.73±18.64ab	264.75±13.15a	8.65±0.22a	71.60±6.14a	27.78±0.51b	17.14±0.67a	17.12±0.67a	16.55±1.60
	N₅	335.43±63.88ab	252.75±52.58a	8.48±0.52a	77.84±1.66a	27.76±0.54b	17.86±0.99a	17.41±0.48a	17.24±1.15
	N₆	347.03±13.70ab	255.33±13.98a	8.86±0.81a	71.27±3.32a	28.41±0.55ab	17.94±1.43a	18.10±0.99a	18.89±2.37
	N₇	390.53±11.72a	231.08±38.97a	9.02±0.12a	71.66±11.72a	28.29±0.25ab	17.96±0.76a	16.95±0.73a	16.14±1.75
	平均值	334.05±31.91	254.74±30.13	7.99±0.43	74.30±5.12	28.27±0.35	16.51±0.95	16.32±0.71	16.72±1.90

年份
2021	N₀	121.96±13.67b	235.74±33.02b	2.88±0.71c	78.04±3.66a	28.65±0.45a	6.52±1.82b	6.56±1.50c	—
	N₁	212.83±10.54a	259.73±29.79ab	5.23±0.38ab	73.23±5.17a	28.93±0.17a	11.64±0.72a	11.46±0.20b	11.65±0.47
	N₂	203.97±7.11a	257.22±7.52ab	5.25±0.22b	79.57±2.79a	28.34±0.61ab	11.82±0.13a	11.57±0.52b	11.93±1.23
	N₃	193.98±11.61a	270.79±5.19ab	5.25±0.24b	78.56±1.40a	28.72±0.42a	11.84±0.49a	11.13±0.85b	10.88±2.03
	N₄	209.28±6.28a	279.72±5.02a	5.85±0.10ab	75.71±3.40a	27.54±0.52bc	12.19±0.36a	12.20±0.50ab	13.43±1.19
	N₅	207.19±11.58a	278.17±26.43a	5.76±0.35ab	78.60±4.88a	28.00±0.73ab	12.62±0.28a	12.57±0.48ab	14.31±1.14
	N₆	207.51±8.94a	288.87±17.06a	5.99±0.31a	78.59±4.62a	26.86±0.54c	12.62±0.27a	13.04±0.38a	15.43±0.92
	平均值	193.81±9.96	267.18±17.71	5.17±0.33	77.47±4.10	28.15±0.49	11.32±0.58	11.21±0.63	12.94±1.16
2022	N₀	175.93±11.72c	249.21±6.84a	4.38±0.19b	77.66±3.90a	28.71±0.28a	9.77±0.68b	10.17±0.10b	—
	N₁	293.87±36.2b	270.30±34.87a	7.94±0.60a	75.79±3.13a	28.49±0.18ab	16.96±0.58a	16.59±1.22a	15.29±2.92
	N₂	308.37±40.00b	251.75±34.23a	7.76±0.13a	77.51±6.80a	28.36±0.40ab	16.88±1.65a	16.98±0.32a	16.20±0.76
	N₃	336.40±39.23ab	262.74±46.42a	8.84±0.92a	71.06±4.30a	28.37±0.05ab	17.53±0.83a	17.20±1.14a	16.74±2.73
	N₄	326.73±18.64ab	264.75±13.15a	8.65±0.22a	71.60±6.14a	27.78±0.51b	17.14±0.67a	17.12±0.67a	16.55±1.60
	N₅	335.43±63.88ab	252.75±52.58a	8.48±0.52a	77.84±1.66a	27.76±0.54b	17.86±0.99a	17.41±0.48a	17.24±1.15
	N₆	347.03±13.70ab	255.33±13.98a	8.86±0.81a	71.27±3.32a	28.41±0.55ab	17.94±1.43a	18.10±0.99a	18.89±2.37
	N₇	390.53±11.72a	231.08±38.97a	9.02±0.12a	71.66±11.72a	28.29±0.25ab	17.96±0.76a	16.95±0.73a	16.14±1.75
	平均值	334.05±31.91	254.74±30.13	7.99±0.43	74.30±5.12	28.27±0.35	16.51±0.95	16.32±0.71	16.72±1.90

年份	处理	有效分蘖临界叶龄期	拔节期	齐穗期	成熟期
2021	N₀	0.88±0.12b	1.13±0.36abc	1.39±1.12b	0.12±0.05a
	N₁	1.41±0.26a	1.70±0.38ab	4.64±1.11a	0.68±0.31a
	N₂	1.13±0.42ab	1.83±0.86ab	4.43±1.41a	0.63±0.16a
	N₃	1.40±0.05ab	2.20±0.47a	4.54±0.50a	1.14±0.79a
	N₄	1.23±0.16ab	1.50±0.40ab	4.51±0.48a	0.86±0.90a
	N₅	1.19±0.27ab	1.00±0.29c	4.32±0.75a	0.75±0.48a
	N₆	1.35±0.37ab	1.93±0.20ab	4.82±0.43a	0.74±0.33a
	平均值	1.23±0.23	1.61±0.42	4.09±0.82	0.65±0.43
2022	N₀	0.60±0.15a	2.56±0.28b	2.44±0.14d	0.37±0.26c
	N₁	0.86±0.06a	3.86±0.94a	3.64±0.97cd	0.86±0.27bc
	N₂	0.91±0.41a	4.25±0.55a	4.21±1.70bc	1.24±0.89abc
	N₃	0.87±0.08a	4.10±0.46a	5.34±0.44ab	1.37±0.79abc
	N₄	0.73±0.17a	3.40±0.63ab	4.22±0.74bc	0.88±0.24bc
	N₅	0.94±0.02a	3.85±0.27a	4.41±0.46bc	1.91±0.28ab
	N₆	0.74±0.19a	4.03±0.55a	4.64±0.85bc	2.34±0.83a
	N₇	0.79±0.16a	3.69±0.44a	6.53±0.26a	2.42±1.10a
	平均值	0.80±0.16	3.72±0.52	4.43±0.70	1.42±0.58

年份	处理	有效分蘖临界叶龄期	拔节期	齐穗期	成熟期
2021	N₀	0.88±0.12b	1.13±0.36abc	1.39±1.12b	0.12±0.05a
	N₁	1.41±0.26a	1.70±0.38ab	4.64±1.11a	0.68±0.31a
	N₂	1.13±0.42ab	1.83±0.86ab	4.43±1.41a	0.63±0.16a
	N₃	1.40±0.05ab	2.20±0.47a	4.54±0.50a	1.14±0.79a
	N₄	1.23±0.16ab	1.50±0.40ab	4.51±0.48a	0.86±0.90a
	N₅	1.19±0.27ab	1.00±0.29c	4.32±0.75a	0.75±0.48a
	N₆	1.35±0.37ab	1.93±0.20ab	4.82±0.43a	0.74±0.33a
	平均值	1.23±0.23	1.61±0.42	4.09±0.82	0.65±0.43
2022	N₀	0.60±0.15a	2.56±0.28b	2.44±0.14d	0.37±0.26c
	N₁	0.86±0.06a	3.86±0.94a	3.64±0.97cd	0.86±0.27bc
	N₂	0.91±0.41a	4.25±0.55a	4.21±1.70bc	1.24±0.89abc
	N₃	0.87±0.08a	4.10±0.46a	5.34±0.44ab	1.37±0.79abc
	N₄	0.73±0.17a	3.40±0.63ab	4.22±0.74bc	0.88±0.24bc
	N₅	0.94±0.02a	3.85±0.27a	4.41±0.46bc	1.91±0.28ab
	N₆	0.74±0.19a	4.03±0.55a	4.64±0.85bc	2.34±0.83a
	N₇	0.79±0.16a	3.69±0.44a	6.53±0.26a	2.42±1.10a
	平均值	0.80±0.16	3.72±0.52	4.43±0.70	1.42±0.58

年份	处理	高效叶面积指数	低效叶面积指数	高效叶面积率
2021	N₀	1.06±2.94b	0.26±0.42c	71.42±8.91a
	N₁	2.73±1.71a	1.58±1.23a	56.91±2.35c
	N₂	2.53±1.64a	1.15±1.44ab	59.95±6.34c
	N₃	2.46±0.25a	1.35±0.85ab	54.91±5.41c
	N₄	2.76±0.64a	1.13±0.33ab	60.84±2.85bc
	N₅	2.49±0.73a	1.17±0.74ab	59.71±5.47c
	N₆	3.27±1.30a	0.83±0.15b	70.35±5.48ab
	平均值	2.47±1.25	1.07±0.74	62.01±5.26
2022	N₀	1.38±0.21c	0.82±0.03b	56.39±5.47a
	N₁	2.31±0.81ab	1.04±0.27ab	62.48±6.29a
	N₂	2.52±1.06ab	1.29±0.42ab	59.46±2.24a
	N₃	3.14±0.43b	1.55±0.30a	58.73±4.45a
	N₄	2.52±0.51ab	1.15±0.22ab	58.91±1.93a
	N₅	2.74±0.45b	1.16±0.29ab	61.75±3.71a
	N₆	3.00±0.62b	1.07±0.46ab	64.52±1.78a
	N₇	4.22±0.36a	1.49±0.21a	64.83±7.90a
	平均值	2.20±0.51	1.01±0.24	52.78±3.23