Effects of Biochar and Nitrogen Fertilizer on CO2 and N2O Emissions from Cotton Fields at Different Temperatures

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0253

Abstract

Abstract:

The greenhouse gas emission rules under different farmland management methods were revealed, and the influencing factors and action mechanisms were expounded, so as to deal with greenhouse gas emissions from saline-alkali land in extremely vulnerable areas, mitigate climate change, and provided theoretical basis for greenhouse gas emission reduction in China. An extremely saline soil with electrical conductivity of 9.35 mS/cm and pH of 8.38 was used for indoor culture experiments. Three temperature gradients were set as 15, 25 and 35℃; three nitrogen application levels were set as 0, 120 and 240 kg N/hm² and three biochar application levels were set as 0, 5 and 10 t/hm². All treatments were carried out under 60% field water holding capacity and cultured for 45 days. The results showed that temperature and nitrogen application significantly increased CO₂ and N₂O emissions, and short-term application of biochar could reduce N₂O emissions. (1) Under the same temperature and biochar conditions, the application of nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased greenhouse gas emissions. The cumulative emissions of CO₂ and N₂O at 120 kg N/hm² were 2.02 times and 1.28 times of the control, respectively. The cumulative emissions of CO₂ and N₂O were the highest when nitrogen fertilizer rate was 240 kg N/hm², which were 2.22 times and 1.64 times of the control, respectively. (2) Under the same temperature and nitrogen fertilizer conditions, the application of biochar significantly reduced the emission of N₂O. Compared with the control, when the application rate of biochar was 5 t/hm², the emission of N₂O was reduced by 7%. The amount of biochar applied was 10 t/hm², and the N₂O emission was reduced by 13%. (3) Compared with 15℃, cumulative CO₂ and N₂O emissions at 25℃ increased by 11.34 g C/kg and 39.69 mg N/kg, respectively; the cumulative emissions of CO₂ and N₂O at 35℃ were the largest, increasing by 48.17 g C/kg and 69.69 mg N/kg, respectively. In summary, this study demonstrates that in the management of extreme saline-alkali soils in agricultural fields, reasonable control of temperature, nitrogen fertilization strategies, and the use of biochar are of significant importance for regulating greenhouse gas emissions.

Key words: dry land, temperature, fertilization, biochar, greenhouse gas emissions

WANG Jia, LIU Weiyang, HAO Xingming, ZHANG Sheng, HE Duo, ZHANG Xiaogong, ZHOU Limin. Effects of Biochar and Nitrogen Fertilizer on CO₂and N₂O Emissions from Cotton Fields at Different Temperatures[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2024, 14(12): 19-27.

Figures/Tables 7

References 43

[1]	SUSAN S, DANIEL J S, SANFORD T J, et al. Persistence of Climate changes due to a range of greenhouse gases[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2010, 107(43):18354-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1006282107 pmid: 20937898
[2]	董星丰, 陈强, 李浩, 等. 全球气候变化对我国高寒地区冻土温室气体通量的影响[J]. 土壤与作物, 2019, 8(2):178-85.
[3]	李玥, 牛俊义, 李广, 等. 黄土丘陵区旱地春小麦气候适宜度及其变化特征——以定西市李家堡乡麻子川村为例[J]. 干旱区研究, 2014, 31(4):627-35.
[4]	IPCC. Climate change 2013:the physical science basis. contribution of working group I to the fifth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change[R]. Cambridge university press, 2013.
[5]	张浩东, 贾俊香, 马智勇. 生物炭对山西菜地土壤温室气体排放强度的影响[J]. 山西农业科学, 2021, 49(1):64-68,75.
[6]	WMO. The state of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere based on global observations through 2012[J]. WMO greenhouse gas bulletin, 2013, 9:1-4.
[7]	CHARLES J H, JOHN R B G, IAN R, et al. Food security: the challenge of feeding 9 billion people[J]. Science, 2010, 327(5967):812-818. doi: 10.1126/science.1185383 pmid: 20110467
[8]	JAMES N G A R, JAN W E T, MATEETE B, et al. Transformation of the nitrogen cycle: recent trends, questions, and potential solutions[J]. Science, 2008, 320(5878):889-892. doi: 10.1126/science.1136674 pmid: 18487183
[9]	JU X T, GUANG X X, XIN P C, et al. Reducing environmental risk by improving N management in intensive Chinese agricultural systems[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009, 106(19):3041-6.
[10]	DOMINIC W, LEHMANN J, OGLE S, et al. Greenhouse gas inventory model for biochar additions to soil[J]. Environmental science & technology, 2021(51):55.
[11]	王国强, 孙焕明, 郭琰. 生物炭对CH₂和N₂O排放的影响综述[J]. 中国农学通报, 2018, 34(27):118-23. doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17070033
[12]	LEHMANN J, MATTHIAS C R, JANICE T, et al. Biochar effects on soil biota - a review[J]. Soil biology and biochemistry, 2011, 43(9):1812-1836.
[13]	WU G, XIAN M C, JUN L, et al. Effects of soil warming and increased precipitation on greenhouse gas fluxes in spring maize seasons in the North China Plain[J]. Science of the total environment, 2020:734.
[14]	GUNTIÑAS M E, LEIRÓS M C, TRASAR-CEPEDA C, et al. Effects of moisture and temperature on net soil nitrogen mineralization: a laboratory study[J]. European journal of soil biology, 2011:48.
[15]	STOTTLEMYER R, DAVID T. Nitrogen mineralization in a mature boreal forest, Isle Royale, Michigan[J]. Journal of environmental quality, 1999, 28(2).
[16]	王少杰. 氮肥与秸秆还田对陕西关中灌区农田CO₂、CH₄排放的影响[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2012.
[17]	DING W X, YAN C, ZUCONG C, et al. Nitrous oxide emissions from an intensively cultivated maize-wheat rotation soil in the North China Plain[J]. Science of the total environment, 2006, 373(2).
[18]	BLAKE R G, HARTGE K H, BULK D. Methods of soil analysis[J]. Part 1 physical and mineralogical methods, 1986, 5:363-75.
[19]	石书静, 高志岭. 不同通量计算方法对静态箱法测定农田N₂O排放通量的影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2012, 31(10):2060-2065.
[20]	TANG Y, GAO W, CAI K, et al. Effects of biochar amendment on soil carbon dioxide emission and carbon budget in the karst Region of Southwest China[J]. Geoderma, 2021, 385:114895.
[21]	李雪松, SAJJAD R, 刘占军, 等. 氮肥及硝化抑制剂配合施用对石灰性土壤二氧化碳释放的影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2017, 36(8):1658-63.
[22]	韩金. 不同土壤改良措施对豫中烟田净温室效应的影响[D]. 郑州: 河南农业大学, 2022.
[23]	李秀云, 张洪培, 沈玉芳, 等. 生物炭与氮肥对旱作春玉米农田CO₂和CH₄排放特征的影响[J]. 西北植物学报, 2016, 36(6):1216-24.
[24]	JAMES C, TYLER V. Assessing long-term impacts of increased crop productivity on atmospheric CO₂[J]. Energy policy, 1996, 24(5):403-411. pmid: 11539330
[25]	LYU X D, WANG T, MA Z M, et al. Enhanced efficiency nitrogen fertilizers maintain yields and mitigate global warming potential in an intensified spring wheat system[J]. Field crops research, 2019, 244(C):107624.
[26]	周君玺. 控释氮肥配施对不同覆盖旱作农田温室气体排放的影响[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2019.
[27]	李平, 郎漫, 李淼, 等. 不同施肥处理对东北黑土温室气体排放的短期影响[J]. 环境科学, 2018, 39(5):2360-67.
[28]	Y TANG, GAO W, CAI K, et al. Effects of biochar amendment on soil carbon dioxide emission and carbon budget in the karst region of Southwest China[J]. Geoderma, 2021, 385:1148-1195.
[29]	HE Y H, ZHOU X H, JIANG L L, et al. Effects of biochar application on soil greenhouse gas fluxes: a meta‐analysis[J]. GCB bioenergy, 2017, 9(4):743-55.
[30]	KARHU K, MATTILA T, BERGSTRÖM I, et al. Biochar addition to agricultural soil increased CH₄ uptake and water holding capacity-results from a short-term pilot field study[J]. Agriculture, ecosystems & environment, 2011, 140(1-2):309-313.
[31]	WANG J Y, XIAO J P, YING L L, et al. Effects of biochar amendment in two soils on greenhouse gas emissions and crop production[J]. Plant and soil, 2012, 360(1):287-298.
[32]	ZAVALLONI C, ALBERTI G, BIASIOL S, et al. Microbial mineralization of biochar and wheat straw mixture in soil: a short-term study[J]. Applied soil ecology, 2011, 50:45-51.
[33]	LORENZ K, LAL R. Biochar application to soil for climate change mitigation by soil organic carbon sequestration[J]. Journal of plant nutrition and soil science, 2014, 177(5):651-70.
[34]	KOTUŠ T, ŠIMANSKÝ V, DRGOŇOVÁ K, et al. Combination of biochar with N-fertilizer affects properties of soil and N₂O emissions in maize crop[J]. Agronomy, 2022, 12(6):1314.
[35]	ZWIETEN L V, SINGH B P, KIMBER S W L, et al. An incubation study investigating the mechanisms that impact N₂O flux from soil following biochar application[J]. Agriculture, ecosystems & environment, 2014, 191:53-62.
[36]	万小楠, 赵珂悦, 吴雄伟, 等. 秸秆还田对冬小麦-夏玉米农田土壤固碳、氧化亚氮排放和全球增温潜势的影响[J]. 环境科学, 2022, 43(1):569-576.
[37]	TULLBERG J, ANTILLE D L, BLUETT C. Controlled traffic farming effects on soil emissions of nitrous oxide and methane[J]. Soil and tillage research, 2018, 176:18-25.
[38]	LU N, LIU X R, LIU D Z, et al. Effect of biochar on soil respiration in the maize growing season after 5 years of consecutive application[J]. Soil research, 2014, 52(5):505-512.
[39]	MAVI M S, PETRA M, CHITTLEBOROUGH J D, et al. Salinity and sodicity affect soil respiration and dissolved organic matter dynamics differentially in soils varying in texture[J]. Soil biology and biochemistry, 2012, 45:8-13.
[40]	JANNA P, PETTERSSON M, BAATH E. Comparison of temperature effects on soil respiration and bacterial and fungal growth rates[J]. FEMS microbiology ecology, 2005, 52(1):49-58. pmid: 16329892
[41]	UTE S, ABELL G C J, HÖDL V, et al. Nitrifiers and denitrifiers respond rapidly to changed moisture and increasing temperature in a pristine forest soil[J]. FEMS microbiology ecology, 2010, 72(3):395-406. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.00853.x pmid: 20298502
[42]	REDDY N, DAVID M C. Quantifying the effects of active and cured greenwaste and dairy manure application and temperature on carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and dinitrogen emissions from an extreme saline-sodic soil[J]. Catena,2019, 173(2019):83-92.
[43]	谢军飞, 李玉娥. 土壤温度对北京旱地农田N₂O排放的影响[J]. 中国农业气象, 2005(1):8-11.

主处理/℃	副处理	CO₂累积排放量/(g C/kg)	N₂O累积排放量/(mg N/kg)
15	CK	17.27±0.84 e	29.06±1.13 f
	T₁	19.95±1.28 de	25.70±1.97 g
	T₂	21.01±2.13 d	22.83±1.18 h
	T₃	45.46±2.67 c	44.48±0.79 c
	T₄	44.55±4.00 c	40.26±1.44 d
	T₅	44.03±3.24 c	35.05±0.20 e
	N₆	54.22±3.29 b	53.75±0.34 a
	N₇	55.01±4.01 ab	46.59±1.96 b
	N₈	58.96±2.95 a	40.35±1.46 d
25	CK	32.11±1.38 e	69.04±2.22 f
	T₁	38.81±1.96 d	65.13±0.95 h
	T₂	43.25±2.82 c	58.86±1.28 i
	T₃	53.08±2.96 b	75.31±1.38 d
	T₄	59.13±3.43 a	71.97±0.42 e
	T₅	61.19±5.76 a	67.73±0.35 g
	N₆	53.68±3.67 b	100.47±0.83 a
	N₇	59.13±2.33 a	95.34±1.32 b
	N₈	62.09±4.30 a	91.40±0.85 c
35	CK	40.82±0.42 h	82.69±0.86 g
	T₁	46.81±4.50 g	79.67±1.28 h
	T₂	55.51±5.15 f	76.29±1.05 i
	T₃	83.27±4.23 e	110.75±1.83 d
	T₄	97.05±3.65 c	105.39±1.25 e
	T₅	112.08±3.59 b	100.22±1.10 f
	N₆	92.79±3.14 d	141.47±1.16 a
	N₇	113.26±2.72 b	136.34±2.25 b
	N₈	152.39±2.47 a	132.40±1.59 c

主处理/℃	副处理	CO₂累积排放量/(g C/kg)	N₂O累积排放量/(mg N/kg)
15	CK	17.27±0.84 e	29.06±1.13 f
	T₁	19.95±1.28 de	25.70±1.97 g
	T₂	21.01±2.13 d	22.83±1.18 h
	T₃	45.46±2.67 c	44.48±0.79 c
	T₄	44.55±4.00 c	40.26±1.44 d
	T₅	44.03±3.24 c	35.05±0.20 e
	N₆	54.22±3.29 b	53.75±0.34 a
	N₇	55.01±4.01 ab	46.59±1.96 b
	N₈	58.96±2.95 a	40.35±1.46 d
25	CK	32.11±1.38 e	69.04±2.22 f
	T₁	38.81±1.96 d	65.13±0.95 h
	T₂	43.25±2.82 c	58.86±1.28 i
	T₃	53.08±2.96 b	75.31±1.38 d
	T₄	59.13±3.43 a	71.97±0.42 e
	T₅	61.19±5.76 a	67.73±0.35 g
	N₆	53.68±3.67 b	100.47±0.83 a
	N₇	59.13±2.33 a	95.34±1.32 b
	N₈	62.09±4.30 a	91.40±0.85 c
35	CK	40.82±0.42 h	82.69±0.86 g
	T₁	46.81±4.50 g	79.67±1.28 h
	T₂	55.51±5.15 f	76.29±1.05 i
	T₃	83.27±4.23 e	110.75±1.83 d
	T₄	97.05±3.65 c	105.39±1.25 e
	T₅	112.08±3.59 b	100.22±1.10 f
	N₆	92.79±3.14 d	141.47±1.16 a
	N₇	113.26±2.72 b	136.34±2.25 b
	N₈	152.39±2.47 a	132.40±1.59 c

处理	CO₂累积排放量/(g C/kg)	N₂O累积排放量/(mg N/kg)
CK	30.07 h	60.26 g
T₁	35.19 g	56.83 h
T₂	39.92 f	52.66 i
T₃	60.60 e	76.85 d
T₄	66.91 d	72.54 e
T₅	72.43 c	67.67 f
N₆	66.90 d	98.56 a
N₇	75.80 b	92.76 b
N₈	91.15 a	88.05 c

处理	CO₂累积排放量/(g C/kg)	N₂O累积排放量/(mg N/kg)
CK	30.07 h	60.26 g
T₁	35.19 g	56.83 h
T₂	39.92 f	52.66 i
T₃	60.60 e	76.85 d
T₄	66.91 d	72.54 e
T₅	72.43 c	67.67 f
N₆	66.90 d	98.56 a
N₇	75.80 b	92.76 b
N₈	91.15 a	88.05 c

处理/℃	CO₂累积排放量/(g C/kg)	N₂O累积排放量/(mg N/kg)
15	40.05 c	37.56 c
25	51.39 b	77.25 b
35	88.22 a	107.25 a

Effects of Biochar and Nitrogen Fertilizer on CO₂and N₂O Emissions from Cotton Fields at Different Temperatures

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 7

References 43

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

For authors

For reviewers

Reader center

Contact us

[1]	CHEN Wei, YU Qian, YE Zhengqian, SHI Yanping. Effects of Co-pyrolysis Biochar on Remediation of Cadmium Pollution in Farmland Soil and Absorption and Accumulation of Cadmium in Rice [J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2024, 14(9): 17-23.
[2]	ZHAO Yi, WANG Xin, GUO Xiang, CHANG Jun, CHEN Dongdong, YANG Desheng. Prediction of Low Temperature and Overcast Rain Disaster in Rape Flowering Period Based on Markov Model [J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2024, 14(9): 62-68.
[3]	PENG Zhidong, FAN Na, BAI Wenbin. Effects of Long-term Localized Fertilization On Soil Quality Evolution and Dry Matter of Sorghum in Grain Field [J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2024, 14(7): 47-51.
[4]	LIU Chengcheng, LIN Yuyang, HE Ling, YANG Tao, YU Jing, SHEN Jie, JIANG Qi, PENG Jianyong, LAN Hai. Balance of Yield Traits and Photosynthety of ZanthoXylum schinifolium Under Structured Fertilization in Desert Soils [J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2024, 14(6): 60-66.
[5]	XIE Huifang, SONG Zhongqiang, XING Lu, ZHANG Yang, LI Long, WANG Suying, LIU Jinrong. Adaptability and Light-Temperature Sensitivity Analysis of Six Millet Cultivars [J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2024, 14(5): 9-15.
[6]	BAI Xueyuan, SU He, ZONG Li, YAN Dong, WANG Xiaofeng, NA Na. Effects of Reducing Chemical Fertilizers and Applying Mineral Biochar on Corn Yields and Soil Properties in Yellow River Beach [J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2024, 14(12): 14-18.
[7]	FAN Xiaoyue, CHEN Bin, YAO Liping, ZHAO Yijie. Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Growth, Yield and Quality of Guava [J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2024, 14(12): 45-49.
[8]	ZHAO Yubing, SUN Dian, ZHANG Jie, YANG Lina, ZHANG Ziyao, SUN Donglei. Classification of Low Temperature Disaster Types of Greenhouse Cucumber in Central and Southern Hebei [J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2024, 14(12): 85-91.
[9]	LI Caibin, ZHANG Jiuquan, HE Yi. Effects of Biochar Application to Three Types of Soils on the Uptake of Nitrogen and Potassium in Flue-cured Tobacco [J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2023, 13(9): 54-62.
[10]	LI Wenfeng, WANG Haitao, WANG Keke. Effect of Annual Variation of Soil Temperature on Tobacco Rhizome Diseases in Henan Province and Its Ecological Regulation [J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2023, 13(7): 87-93.
[11]	ZHANG Xiangsong, FANG Xiaoyan, WANG Xianjie, ZHANG Kai, WANG Li, LIU Xianming, WANG Tao. Biodegradable Mulch Film Covering Garlic: An Evaluation on the Application Effect [J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2023, 13(6): 43-48.
[12]	WANG Ping, XIE Chengjun, SUN Zhenrong, CHEN Juan, WANG Lei, PENG Wenjing. Effects of Planting Density and Fertilization Amount on Growth and Yield of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Cool Irrigation Area [J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2023, 13(6): 17-24.
[13]	LI Qingbin, ZHONG Pengzhi, WEI Shasha, HUANG Xin, CHEN Lei, SUN Junbo, CAO Yanyan. Study on Forecasting Model of Strawberry Yield in Greenhouses in the South of the Yangtze River [J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2023, 13(5): 66-70.
[14]	CHEN Lulu, SUN Zhe, TIAN Changgeng, LIU Shanggang, ZHAO Fengling, ZHENG Jianli. Storage Conditions of Different Types of Sweet Potato Varieties: Effects on Appearance and Quality Traits [J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2023, 13(5): 76-81.
[15]	REN Yuhuan, YAO Chuang, ZHAO Haiyan, FAN Zhixuan, LIU Jiqin, LI Jingjing. Effects of Climate Warming on Phenological Phase of Albizia julibrissin in Linfen [J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2023, 13(5): 89-95.