Effects of Different Sowing Date, Planting Density and N Amount on Agronomic Traits and Yield Benefits of Mountain Vegetable Rapeseed

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0287

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to comprehensively evaluate and recommend the optimal treatment combination of sowing date, planting density and fertilizer amount for mountain vegetable rapeseed in high altitude mountainous areas, stepwise regression and grey correlation analysis methods was used, the agronomic traits and yield benefits of mountain vegetable rapeseed with 9 cultivation factor combinations at the same altitude in Yuxi from 2019 to 2021 were compared and analyzed. The results showed that, (1) with the delay of sowing date, plant height, fresh forage weight per plant, fresh moss weight per plant and harvested fresh moss weight showed a downward trend, and prolonging growth period, increasing fresh biomass per plant and fresh moss yield per plant were beneficial to the increase of moss yield; (2) the biological yield of fresh forage was different in different years among 9 combined treatments; (3) the correlation degree between the yield of rapeseed and the main agronomic factors of different combined treatments was very different; (4) there were different degrees of differences in the yields of the 9 treatment combinations in different years, and the yields of the 3 levels of sowing date and density were extremely significant and significant differences, respectively, while there was no significant difference between the 3 levels of N application amount; (5) the output value of mountain vegetable rapeseed varied to different degrees due to different treatment combinations, and the output value showed a sharp decline trend with the delay of sowing date. It was recommended that the optimal combination of sowing date, planting density and N amount of mountain vegetable rapeseed in high altitude mountainous area was sowing date on October 20 + planting density of 7.5×10⁴-10.5×10⁴ plants/hm²+ 5 leaf stage N amount of 172.5-207.0 kg/hm².

Key words: mountain vegetable rapeseed, sowing date, planting density, nitrogen fertilizer application, stepwise regression and grey relational analysis, agronomic trait, yield benefit

YANG Jincheng, HU Xinzhou, TAO Chunhong, LI Yanlan, PU Jiafu, AN Jiannan, BO Yuecai, MAO Dongmei, LIU Jianjian, YANG Hongyun, LI Xiang, GUO Shiming, AN Zhengyun, SHI Lanfen. Effects of Different Sowing Date, Planting Density and N Amount on Agronomic Traits and Yield Benefits of Mountain Vegetable Rapeseed[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2025, 15(2): 1-7.

Figures/Tables 6

References 31

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处理	生育期/d	有效株/（10⁴株/hm²）	株高/cm	苔粗/cm	单株鲜饲草重/g	单株鲜苔重/g	实收鲜苔重/(t/hm²)	产量回归方程
D₁	160.80	4.41	92.91	2.16	690.40	308.80	13.66	Y=6.1659+0.0466X₁
D₂	160.70	7.34	93.29	1.91	429.56	208.73	15.36	Y=-3.1603+0.0887X₆
D₃	160.90	10.30	80.41	1.79	298.18	161.39	16.60	Y=74.3279-5.6047X₂
D₄	150.30	4.45	91.65	2.24	461.76	247.98	10.94	Y=-0.3556+0.0245X₅
D₅	150.60	7.32	71.36	1.66	350.22	166.53	12.18	Y=-62.1659+10.1607X₂
D₆	150.77	10.30	75.03	1.59	276.38	131.32	13.51	Y=13.1404+0.0014X₅
D₇	139.90	4.34	75.12	2.04	302.80	154.73	6.64	Y=-64.0911+0.5056X₁
D₈	140.17	7.30	71.10	1.73	247.75	119.05	8.67	Y=-0.6533+0.0783X₆
D₉(CK)	140.40	10.23	65.94	1.63	202.61	98.86	10.05	Y=21.0814-0.0786X₁

处理	生育期/d	有效株/（10⁴株/hm²）	株高/cm	苔粗/cm	单株鲜饲草重/g	单株鲜苔重/g	实收鲜苔重/(t/hm²)	产量回归方程
D₁	160.80	4.41	92.91	2.16	690.40	308.80	13.66	Y=6.1659+0.0466X₁
D₂	160.70	7.34	93.29	1.91	429.56	208.73	15.36	Y=-3.1603+0.0887X₆
D₃	160.90	10.30	80.41	1.79	298.18	161.39	16.60	Y=74.3279-5.6047X₂
D₄	150.30	4.45	91.65	2.24	461.76	247.98	10.94	Y=-0.3556+0.0245X₅
D₅	150.60	7.32	71.36	1.66	350.22	166.53	12.18	Y=-62.1659+10.1607X₂
D₆	150.77	10.30	75.03	1.59	276.38	131.32	13.51	Y=13.1404+0.0014X₅
D₇	139.90	4.34	75.12	2.04	302.80	154.73	6.64	Y=-64.0911+0.5056X₁
D₈	140.17	7.30	71.10	1.73	247.75	119.05	8.67	Y=-0.6533+0.0783X₆
D₉(CK)	140.40	10.23	65.94	1.63	202.61	98.86	10.05	Y=21.0814-0.0786X₁

处理	小区实产/(t/hm²)			平均产量/(t/hm²)	比CK
处理	2019年	2020年	2021年	平均产量/(t/hm²)	±(t/hm²)	±%
D₁	30.43abA	21.32abcAB	39.83aA	30.53abA	9.79	47.19
D₂	32.60aA	22.39abAB	39.67aA	31.56aA	10.81	52.13
D₃	31.13aA	25.46aA	35.59aA	30.73abA	9.98	48.14
D₄	20.89abcA	17.35bcAB	23.39aA	20.55abcA	-0.19	-0.93
D₅	25.84abA	22.42abAB	28.67aA	25.64abcA	4.90	23.64
D₆	29.33abA	23.56aAB	32.61aA	28.50abA	7.76	37.40
D₇	13.21cA	10.90dB	15.34aA	13.15cA	-7.59	-36.59
D₈	18.35bcA	16.04cdAB	19.88aA	18.09bcA	-2.65	-12.78
D₉(CK)	21.07abcA	16.45cdAB	24.70aA	20.74abcA	0.00	0.00

处理	小区实产/(t/hm²)			平均产量/(t/hm²)	比CK
处理	2019年	2020年	2021年	平均产量/(t/hm²)	±(t/hm²)	±%
D₁	30.43abA	21.32abcAB	39.83aA	30.53abA	9.79	47.19
D₂	32.60aA	22.39abAB	39.67aA	31.56aA	10.81	52.13
D₃	31.13aA	25.46aA	35.59aA	30.73abA	9.98	48.14
D₄	20.89abcA	17.35bcAB	23.39aA	20.55abcA	-0.19	-0.93
D₅	25.84abA	22.42abAB	28.67aA	25.64abcA	4.90	23.64
D₆	29.33abA	23.56aAB	32.61aA	28.50abA	7.76	37.40
D₇	13.21cA	10.90dB	15.34aA	13.15cA	-7.59	-36.59
D₈	18.35bcA	16.04cdAB	19.88aA	18.09bcA	-2.65	-12.78
D₉(CK)	21.07abcA	16.45cdAB	24.70aA	20.74abcA	0.00	0.00

处理	X₁	X₂	X₃	X₄	X₅	X₆
D₁	0.6203	1.6795	0.7348	0.7195	1.6824	1.4313
D₂	0.0789	1.0584	0.2409	0.8569	0.6070	0.5945
D₃	0.2854	0.2820	1.3752	1.7457	1.8798	1.6888
D₄	0.2942	0.8155	1.4629	1.9025	0.9887	1.3706
D₅	0.0590	0.0745	0.8605	0.9112	0.1503	0.2334
D₆	0.4548	0.6817	0.9250	1.6189	1.0632	1.1745
D₇	0.4721	0.4824	1.2262	2.4067	1.2576	1.3180
D₈	0.1308	1.0124	0.2094	0.4764	0.2532	0.1517
D₉(CK)	0.5355	1.7333	0.7135	0.3724	0.4816	0.5805
关联系数	0.4872	0.2967	0.2681	0.2068	0.2777	0.2717