Abstract: Hebei is one of the important cotton producing areas in China and has a long history of cotton planting. Over the years, experts in agriculture and history have been exploring and studying the history of cotton planting in Hebei, and achieved remarkable results. However, there has been no definite conclusion on the initial period of cotton planting in Hebei. There are roughly three different views. The first is that cotton planting in Hebei began in the late Song dynasty and the early Yuan dynasty. The second regards the Song dynasty as the initial time of cotton planting in Hebei. And the third refers to the Tang dynasty or earlier. Through extensive consulting to historical materials, and combing and analysis, we consider that the view that cotton planting in Hebei began in the Tang dynasty is more consistent with historical facts.