Photothermal Resource Distribution and Light Utilization in Cotton Rows: Under Cotton-wheat Intercropping

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20200300048

Abstract

Abstract:

Through studying the effects of ridging treatment on the light, heat and water conditions of cotton and wheat in the symbiotic stage and the response of the light energy utilization characteristics of cotton, the paper aims to reveal the physiological and ecological mechanism of ridging promoting the growth and increasing the yield in cotton-wheat intercropping. The experiment set up two treatments including cotton-wheat flat intercropping (T) and cotton row ridging intercropping (T+L), with cotton monoculture (D) as the control. The function leaf net photosynthetic rate (P_n) was determined under different photon density gradients on symbiotic period of wheat cotton, the light response curve was fitted, and the light utilizing characteristic parameters of function leaves were calculated. Photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), light saturation point (LSP) and light compensation point (LCP) were analyzed. The daily effective light energy (PAR_d) was calculated under different treatments. In the cotton-wheat intercropping mode (T), the water content in the canopy of cotton row and the topsoil with ground temperature of 5 cm was significantly lower than that of treatment D, with growth retardation and yield reduction of 20.1%. Under the treatment T+L, the PAR_d in the trifoliate stage and wheat harvest stage increased by 5.8% and 47.5%, respectively, compared with treatment T. The ground temperature of 5 cm was significantly increased after 11:00, and the soil moisture content of 20 cm decreased slowly. Compared with treatment T, the P_n_max and LSP of functional leaves of cotton treated with T+L were significantly increased, while LCP showed no significant change. The relative plant growth rate (PGR) was increased, and the flowering and flocculation stages were 4-5 days earlier than that of treatment T. The annual yield was increased by 14.5% and 15.3%, respectively, compared with treatment T. Ridging process strengthened the canopy PAR in the symbiotic period of cotton-wheat intercropping, increased the P_n_max and LSP of function leaves, increased the PAR_d of cotton lines, raised the soil temperature of cotton lines, slowed down the water reducing rate in the top layer, and thus reduced the inhibitory effect of shading on cotton growth and development, and then increased the output of the cotton-wheat intercropping.

Key words: Cotton-wheat Intercropping, Ridging Cotton Line, Photothermal Resources, Photothermal Distribution, Light Utilization

CLC Number:

S562

Liu Yi, Wang Yan, Zhang Qian, Feng Guoyi, Zhang Xi, Qian Yuyuan, Qi Hong. Photothermal Resource Distribution and Light Utilization in Cotton Rows: Under Cotton-wheat Intercropping[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2020, 10(8): 13-18.

Figures/Tables 10

References 35

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种植模式	土壤相对含水量
种植模式	4月29日	5月10日	5月25日	6月7日
D	19.4 b	16.8 a	15.1 a	13.9 a
T	22.8 a	15.3 b	10.8 b	5.7 c
T+L	17.6 c	14.7 b	10.6 b	9.5 b

种植模式	土壤相对含水量
种植模式	4月29日	5月10日	5月25日	6月7日
D	19.4 b	16.8 a	15.1 a	13.9 a
T	22.8 a	15.3 b	10.8 b	5.7 c
T+L	17.6 c	14.7 b	10.6 b	9.5 b

种植模式	最大净光合速率/ [μmol/(m²·s)]	表观量子速率	暗呼吸速率	光饱和点/ [μmol/(m²·s)]	光补偿点/ [μmol/(m²·s)]
D	57.0 a	0.043 b	5.31 a	1090 a	93.5 a
T	15.9 c	0.048 a	3.35 c	569 c	82.5 b
T+L	25.8 b	0.051 a	4.07 b	636 b	79.9 b

种植模式	最大净光合速率/ [μmol/(m²·s)]	表观量子速率	暗呼吸速率	光饱和点/ [μmol/(m²·s)]	光补偿点/ [μmol/(m²·s)]
D	57.0 a	0.043 b	5.31 a	1090 a	93.5 a
T	15.9 c	0.048 a	3.35 c	569 c	82.5 b
T+L	25.8 b	0.051 a	4.07 b	636 b	79.9 b

种植模式	播种期（月//日）		出苗期（月 /日）		花期（月 /日）		吐絮期（月 /日）		生育期/d
种植模式	2016	2017	2016	2017	2016	2017	2016	2017	2016	2017
D	4/25	4/26	4/30	4/30	7/1	7/1	9/2	9/3	125	125
T	4/25	4/26	5/4	5/3	7/10	7/9	9/9	9/9	132	131
T+L	4/25	4/26	5/2	5/3	7/5	7/6	9/4	9/5	127	127