Journal of Agriculture ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (3): 13-20.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0186
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Received:
2023-08-16
Revised:
2023-10-17
Online:
2024-03-16
Published:
2024-03-16
BIAN Jinxia, WANG Ping. Effect of Reducing Chemical Fertilizer and Applying Organic Fertilizer on the Growth and Yield of Maize in Dry Farming Area[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2024, 14(3): 13-20.
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URL: http://nxxb.caass.org.cn/EN/10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0186
处理 | 具体施肥量 | 肥料用量/(kg/hm2) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
氮肥(N) | 磷肥(P2O5) | 钾肥(K2O) | ||
空白(CK) | 不施任何肥料 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
有机肥(T1) | 仅施有机肥1500 kg/hm2 | 30.00 | 18.00 | 27.00 |
复合肥+N追施(T2) | 复合肥600 kg/hm2+N 75 kg/hm2追施 | 190.50 | 48.00 | 66.00 |
商品有机肥+100%复合肥+N追施(T3) | 1500 kg/hm2+复合肥600 kg/hm2+N 75 kg/hm2 | 220.50 | 66.00 | 93.00 |
商品有机肥+85%复合肥+85%N追施(T4) | 商品有机肥1500 kg/hm2+复合肥510 kg/hm2+N 63.75 kg/hm2 | 191.93 | 58.80 | 83.10 |
商品有机肥+70%复合肥+70%N追施(T5) | 商品有机肥1500 kg/hm2+复合肥420 kg/hm2+N 52.50 kg/hm2 | 163.36 | 51.60 | 73.20 |
处理 | 具体施肥量 | 肥料用量/(kg/hm2) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
氮肥(N) | 磷肥(P2O5) | 钾肥(K2O) | ||
空白(CK) | 不施任何肥料 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
有机肥(T1) | 仅施有机肥1500 kg/hm2 | 30.00 | 18.00 | 27.00 |
复合肥+N追施(T2) | 复合肥600 kg/hm2+N 75 kg/hm2追施 | 190.50 | 48.00 | 66.00 |
商品有机肥+100%复合肥+N追施(T3) | 1500 kg/hm2+复合肥600 kg/hm2+N 75 kg/hm2 | 220.50 | 66.00 | 93.00 |
商品有机肥+85%复合肥+85%N追施(T4) | 商品有机肥1500 kg/hm2+复合肥510 kg/hm2+N 63.75 kg/hm2 | 191.93 | 58.80 | 83.10 |
商品有机肥+70%复合肥+70%N追施(T5) | 商品有机肥1500 kg/hm2+复合肥420 kg/hm2+N 52.50 kg/hm2 | 163.36 | 51.60 | 73.20 |
年份 | 处理 | 株高/cm | 茎粗/cm | 穗位高/cm | 叶面积指数 | SPAD值 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2019 | CK | 228.23±5.52d | 2.11±0.04c | 69.85±2.14e | 2.46±0.08d | 55.18±0.98e | ||||
T1 | 237.53±5.73c | 2.21±0.02b | 75.49±0.72d | 2.83±0.20c | 60.15±1.55cd | |||||
T2 | 248.12±3.98b | 2.24±0.03ab | 79.47±1.57c | 2.97±0.15bc | 62.86±0.55b | |||||
T3 | 264.07±2.77a | 2.27±0.03a | 84.07±0.37a | 3.44±0.23a | 65.35±0.95a | |||||
T4 | 255.87±3.50ab | 2.25±0.01ab | 82.07±0.16ab | 3.15±0.41b | 61.08±1.36bc | |||||
T5 | 248.92±6.71b | 2.22±0.01b | 80.49±2.05bc | 3.04±0.20bc | 58.72±1.34d | |||||
2020 | CK | 202.75±4.19d | 1.91±0.07c | 65.45±1.71d | 2.09±0.11c | 45.92±1.16d | ||||
T1 | 216.87±3.66c | 2.10±0.09b | 69.46±1.17c | 2.58±0.06b | 49.26±1.31c | |||||
T2 | 235.33±3.75b | 2.12±0.03b | 70.13±1.73bc | 2.65±0.06ab | 53.58±1.05b | |||||
T3 | 248.27±4.47a | 2.22±0.03a | 73.71±1.10a | 2.89±0.05a | 56.52±2.11a | |||||
T4 | 241.02±2.53b | 2.14±0.03ab | 72.25±0.37ab | 2.81±0.07ab | 52.17±1.42b | |||||
T5 | 235.89±3.56b | 2.11±0.02b | 70.15±1.51bc | 2.67±0.12ab | 51.60±0.56b | |||||
显著性分析 | ||||||||||
年份(Y) | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | |||||
施肥(F) | ** | * | ** | ** | ** | |||||
Y×F | ns | ns | * | ns | ns |
年份 | 处理 | 株高/cm | 茎粗/cm | 穗位高/cm | 叶面积指数 | SPAD值 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2019 | CK | 228.23±5.52d | 2.11±0.04c | 69.85±2.14e | 2.46±0.08d | 55.18±0.98e | ||||
T1 | 237.53±5.73c | 2.21±0.02b | 75.49±0.72d | 2.83±0.20c | 60.15±1.55cd | |||||
T2 | 248.12±3.98b | 2.24±0.03ab | 79.47±1.57c | 2.97±0.15bc | 62.86±0.55b | |||||
T3 | 264.07±2.77a | 2.27±0.03a | 84.07±0.37a | 3.44±0.23a | 65.35±0.95a | |||||
T4 | 255.87±3.50ab | 2.25±0.01ab | 82.07±0.16ab | 3.15±0.41b | 61.08±1.36bc | |||||
T5 | 248.92±6.71b | 2.22±0.01b | 80.49±2.05bc | 3.04±0.20bc | 58.72±1.34d | |||||
2020 | CK | 202.75±4.19d | 1.91±0.07c | 65.45±1.71d | 2.09±0.11c | 45.92±1.16d | ||||
T1 | 216.87±3.66c | 2.10±0.09b | 69.46±1.17c | 2.58±0.06b | 49.26±1.31c | |||||
T2 | 235.33±3.75b | 2.12±0.03b | 70.13±1.73bc | 2.65±0.06ab | 53.58±1.05b | |||||
T3 | 248.27±4.47a | 2.22±0.03a | 73.71±1.10a | 2.89±0.05a | 56.52±2.11a | |||||
T4 | 241.02±2.53b | 2.14±0.03ab | 72.25±0.37ab | 2.81±0.07ab | 52.17±1.42b | |||||
T5 | 235.89±3.56b | 2.11±0.02b | 70.15±1.51bc | 2.67±0.12ab | 51.60±0.56b | |||||
显著性分析 | ||||||||||
年份(Y) | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | |||||
施肥(F) | ** | * | ** | ** | ** | |||||
Y×F | ns | ns | * | ns | ns |
处理 | 产量/(kg/hm2) | 生育期降雨量/mm | 耗水量/mm | 水分利用效率/[kg/(hm2·mm)] | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2019 | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | |||||||
CK | 5554.97±37.94e | 4095.58±57.69e | 413.8 | 323.8 | 396.02±7.99d | 348.21±6.96b | 14.03±0.19d | 11.76±0.17d | ||||||
T1 | 7288.32±31.17d | 5194.23±24.82d | 413.8 | 323.8 | 412.94±7.25bc | 372.79±15.60a | 17.65±0.39c | 13.95±0.52c | ||||||
T2 | 8613.27±356.89c | 5711.98±122.64c | 413.8 | 323.8 | 423.83±8.37ab | 381.06±11.95a | 20.31±0.44b | 15.00±0.45b | ||||||
T3 | 10135.86±155.02a | 6940.33±125.78a | 413.8 | 323.8 | 431.39±9.05a | 380.05±10.99a | 23.51±0.85a | 18.27±0.20a | ||||||
T4 | 9339.56±127.62b | 6351.85±159.20b | 413.8 | 323.8 | 406.27±5.80cd | 370.78±5.30a | 22.99±0.26a | 17.10±0.18a | ||||||
T5 | 8990.40±329.43bc | 6122.37±207.04b | 413.8 | 323.8 | 405.88±6.91cd | 363.98±7.02ab | 22.15±0.43b | 16.83±0.89b | ||||||
显著性分析 | ||||||||||||||
年份(Y) | ** | — | ** | ** | ||||||||||
施肥(F) | ** | — | * | ** | ||||||||||
Y×F | ** | — | ns | ** |
处理 | 产量/(kg/hm2) | 生育期降雨量/mm | 耗水量/mm | 水分利用效率/[kg/(hm2·mm)] | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2019 | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | |||||||
CK | 5554.97±37.94e | 4095.58±57.69e | 413.8 | 323.8 | 396.02±7.99d | 348.21±6.96b | 14.03±0.19d | 11.76±0.17d | ||||||
T1 | 7288.32±31.17d | 5194.23±24.82d | 413.8 | 323.8 | 412.94±7.25bc | 372.79±15.60a | 17.65±0.39c | 13.95±0.52c | ||||||
T2 | 8613.27±356.89c | 5711.98±122.64c | 413.8 | 323.8 | 423.83±8.37ab | 381.06±11.95a | 20.31±0.44b | 15.00±0.45b | ||||||
T3 | 10135.86±155.02a | 6940.33±125.78a | 413.8 | 323.8 | 431.39±9.05a | 380.05±10.99a | 23.51±0.85a | 18.27±0.20a | ||||||
T4 | 9339.56±127.62b | 6351.85±159.20b | 413.8 | 323.8 | 406.27±5.80cd | 370.78±5.30a | 22.99±0.26a | 17.10±0.18a | ||||||
T5 | 8990.40±329.43bc | 6122.37±207.04b | 413.8 | 323.8 | 405.88±6.91cd | 363.98±7.02ab | 22.15±0.43b | 16.83±0.89b | ||||||
显著性分析 | ||||||||||||||
年份(Y) | ** | — | ** | ** | ||||||||||
施肥(F) | ** | — | * | ** | ||||||||||
Y×F | ** | — | ns | ** |
指标 | 肥料 | 年份 | 处理 | 显著性分析 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | T5 | Y | F | Y×F | ||||
肥料农学效率 | N | 2019 | — | 68.89±11.58a | 16.05±2.07b | 19.78±1.59b | 19.72±0.86b | 20.03±1.78b | ** | ** | ** | |
2020 | — | 36.62±1.10a | 10.48±0.25c | 12.90±0.31b | 12.28±0.53b | 12.41±0.91b | ||||||
P2O5 | 2019 | — | 114.81±10.30a | 63.71±8.23b | 69.41±1.77b | 64.36±2.82b | 66.58±5.65b | ** | * | ** | ||
2020 | — | 61.04±1.83a | 33.67±1.00c | 43.10±1.03b | 40.07±1.73b | 39.28±2.89b | ||||||
K2O | 2019 | — | 76.54±5.87a | 45.34±5.98b | 49.26±1.26b | 45.54±1.99b | 46.93±3.98b | ** | ** | ** | ||
2020 | — | 40.69±1.22a | 24.49±0.73c | 30.58±0.73b | 28.35±1.22b | 27.69±2.04b | ||||||
肥料偏生产力 | N | 2019 | — | 242.94±1.04a | 45.21±1.87d | 45.97±1.70d | 48.66±0.66c | 55.03±2.02b | ** | ** | ** | |
2020 | — | 173.14±3.83a | 29.98±1.02d | 31.48±0.57d | 33.62±0.83c | 37.48±1.26b | ||||||
P2O5 | 2019 | — | 404.91±1.73a | 179.44±7.43b | 153.57±2.35c | 158.84±2.17c | 174.23±6.38b | ** | ** | ** | ||
2020 | — | 288.57±1.38a | 119.00±1.20b | 105.16±1.91d | 109.73±2.71c | 118.65±4.01b | ||||||
K2O | 2019 | — | 269.94±1.15a | 130.50±5.41b | 108.99±1.67d | 112.39±1.54d | 122.82±4.50c | ** | ** | ** | ||
2020 | — | 192.38±1.42a | 86.54±1.15b | 74.63±1.35c | 77.64±1.92c | 83.64±2.83b |
指标 | 肥料 | 年份 | 处理 | 显著性分析 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | T5 | Y | F | Y×F | ||||
肥料农学效率 | N | 2019 | — | 68.89±11.58a | 16.05±2.07b | 19.78±1.59b | 19.72±0.86b | 20.03±1.78b | ** | ** | ** | |
2020 | — | 36.62±1.10a | 10.48±0.25c | 12.90±0.31b | 12.28±0.53b | 12.41±0.91b | ||||||
P2O5 | 2019 | — | 114.81±10.30a | 63.71±8.23b | 69.41±1.77b | 64.36±2.82b | 66.58±5.65b | ** | * | ** | ||
2020 | — | 61.04±1.83a | 33.67±1.00c | 43.10±1.03b | 40.07±1.73b | 39.28±2.89b | ||||||
K2O | 2019 | — | 76.54±5.87a | 45.34±5.98b | 49.26±1.26b | 45.54±1.99b | 46.93±3.98b | ** | ** | ** | ||
2020 | — | 40.69±1.22a | 24.49±0.73c | 30.58±0.73b | 28.35±1.22b | 27.69±2.04b | ||||||
肥料偏生产力 | N | 2019 | — | 242.94±1.04a | 45.21±1.87d | 45.97±1.70d | 48.66±0.66c | 55.03±2.02b | ** | ** | ** | |
2020 | — | 173.14±3.83a | 29.98±1.02d | 31.48±0.57d | 33.62±0.83c | 37.48±1.26b | ||||||
P2O5 | 2019 | — | 404.91±1.73a | 179.44±7.43b | 153.57±2.35c | 158.84±2.17c | 174.23±6.38b | ** | ** | ** | ||
2020 | — | 288.57±1.38a | 119.00±1.20b | 105.16±1.91d | 109.73±2.71c | 118.65±4.01b | ||||||
K2O | 2019 | — | 269.94±1.15a | 130.50±5.41b | 108.99±1.67d | 112.39±1.54d | 122.82±4.50c | ** | ** | ** | ||
2020 | — | 192.38±1.42a | 86.54±1.15b | 74.63±1.35c | 77.64±1.92c | 83.64±2.83b |
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