Current issue

• 2019 Vol.9 No.12 Published:16 December 2019

  Cold Stress Affects Morphological and Physiological Indexes of Soybean Seedling and Seed Yield 2019, 9 (12):  1-4.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18100009 Abstract + ( 537 )   PDF ( 1122KB )   ( 415 ) Chilling damage often happens at soybean seedling stage in Heilongjiang. To clarify the effect of chilling damage at seedling stage on soybean yield, a pot experiment was conducted. At V1 stage, soybean seedlings in the natural environment were moved into artificial climate cabinet for different temperature treatments, including 6℃, 10℃, and 25℃ (CK). After 48 h, fresh leaf weight, fresh cotyledon weight, fresh stem weight, fresh root weight and chlorophyll content of soybean seedling were determined. And then soybean seedlings were transferred to bigger pot for growth. The seed yield and yield components were measured at maturity stage. The results showed that cold stress significantly decreased fresh leaf weight, fresh cotyledon weight, fresh stem weight, fresh root weight and chlorophyll content. Morphological and physiological parameters of cold- resistant variety‘Henong60’decreased much more slowly than cold- sensitive variety ‘Heinong48’with the temperature decrease. Cold stress at seedling stage did not significantly decrease pod number per plant, seed number per plant, 100-seed weight and seed yield of‘Henong60’. However, pod number per plant, seed number per plant, 100-seed weight and seed yield of‘Heinong48’were significantly decreased by cold stress at seedling stage. Therefore, the cold stress at soybean seedling stage is not beneficial to the formation of seed yield and can significantly decrease the seed yield of cold-sensitive variety.

  Planting Densities: Effects on Growth, Yield and Quality of 3 Cotton Varieties 2019, 9 (12):  5-8.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18070020 Abstract + ( 521 )   PDF ( 1168KB )   ( 361 ) The paper aims to determine the suitable planting density of 3 main varieties in south-central Hebei. The authors set up 3 planting densities (45000 plants/hm2, 75000 plants/hm2 and 105000 plants/hm2) to study their effects on growth, yield and quality of the 3 cotton varieties. The results showed that: with the increase of planting density, the thick stems, branch numbers, boll numbers per plant, boll shedding numbers and rotten boll numbers decreased; the numbers of boll per unit area increased with the planting density; the seed cotton yield of‘Jimian 958’was the maximum under the density of 75000 plants/hm2, and the yield of ‘Shikang 126’and‘Ji 863’under the planting densities of 75000 plants/hm2 and 105000 plants/hm2 were greater than the yield under the density of 45000 plants/hm2, and the differences of seed cotton yield under the 2 relatively high densities were not significant. Therefore, the suitable planting density of‘Jimian 958’is 75000 plants /hm2, and that of‘Shikang 126’and‘Ji 863’is from 75000 plants/hm2 to 105000 plants/hm2.

  Stem Base Rot of Sweet Potato: Pathogen Identification and Prevention and Control Test of Agentia 2019, 9 (12):  9-16.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190800164 Abstract + ( 400 )   PDF ( 1278KB )   ( 384 ) To prevent and control the large-scale stem base rot of sweet potato, 127 samples of stem base rot were collected from 51 villages (disease areas) in 11 counties and urban areas of Zhejiang during 2015-2018, and the isolation and identification of pathogen and the prevention and control test of agentia were carried out for 3 consecutive years (2016-2018). The results showed that: there were 8 identified pathogens, including Dickeya dadantii, Sclerotium rolfsii, Fusarium verticillioides, F. solani, F. oxysporum, Diaporthebatatas, Phomopsis destruens and F. javanicum, and the composition and distribution of pathogenic bacteria varied in different areas, and the disease samples were generally caused by multiple pathogenic bacteria. The prevention and control test of agentia showed that: the utilization of carbendazim or carbendazim combined with mancozeb and carbendazim combined with streptomycin sulfate had obvious effects on prevention and control of stem base rot of sweet potato, but the application concentration should be higher than recommended, especially the application concentration of carbendazim 50%WP should not be more than 300 times, and the effect was better when the application concentration was 100 times. This study identifies the pathogenic bacteria of stem base rot of sweet potato, and determines the agentia types and concentrations for prevention and control the disease.

  Progress of Rooting Mechanism Study in Apple Cutting Propagation 2019, 9 (12):  17-22.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18110009 Abstract + ( 466 )   PDF ( 1114KB )   ( 755 ) Research on rooting mechanism of apple cutting is reviewed from morphological anatomy of adventitious root formation of cutting, physio-biochemical basis of cutting rooting and molecular biology of cutting rooting. At present, morphological anatomy structure of adventitious root formation in apple has been known that apple dwarf stock belongs to induced root primitive type, not hidden root primitive type. Hormones, enzymes, nutrients, water, and other physio-biochemical substances affecting rooting have been studied, it is thought that cutting rooting is affected by many factors, the formation of root primordium is the result of the dynamic equilibrium by the factors, and the reason of adventitious root formation in cutting is revealed preliminarily from molecular level. Relevant research results are of significance to regulate the formation and development of adventitious root, and it is necessary to carry out deep and comprehensive research on the formation mechanism of adventitious root from molecular level in the future.

  Nutrients of Soil and Leaf in Pear Orchards of Shanxi Province 2019, 9 (12):  23-27.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas19010020 Abstract + ( 335 )   PDF ( 1135KB )   ( 352 ) The nutrients of soil and leaves in pear orchards in the major pear production regions of Shanxi Province was analyzed to provide scientific reference for reasonable fertilization of pear orchards. The nutrient element contents of soil and leaves by 59 pear orchards in Shanxi province were determined, and the correlation between them was analyzed. The soil pH was slightly higher than suitable standard values and organic matter content was generally low in most pear orchards in Shanxi Province. Soil available phosphorus, available potassium and available manganese content were relatively appropriate and available iron was lower in most pear orchards. The total nitrogen and available copper content in the soil below the suitable standard values were at the rate of 50%. Soil available zinc content was relatively low in some pear orchards. The leaf of most pear orchards were rich in nitrogen, iron and manganese, relatively suitable for phosphorus and copper, and deficient in potassium and zinc. There were positive and negative correlations between the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, iron, manganese, copper and zinc in leaves and the corresponding elements in soil of pear orchards, but the it was not significant. The application of organic fertilizer should increase in the main pear producing areas, and formulated fertilization should be mainly based on leaf nutrients diagnosis and supplemented by soil nutrients determination.

  Boron Nutrition in Fruit Trees: Research Progress 2019, 9 (12):  28-32.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18080012 Abstract + ( 442 )   PDF ( 1080KB )   ( 855 ) To understand current research status of boron, and provide references for the targeted use of boron in fruit production, the authors summarize the absorption, transportation and distribution characteristics of boron in fruit trees. The physiological functions of boron on cell wall structure and intracellular enzyme activity, the relationship between boron and other trace elements, and the effects of boron on fruit quality are also described in detail. There are three forms of absorption and transportation of boron which exists in the form of acid in crops and performs physiological functions by condensing with cis-diol to synthesize ester. Boron has effects on the maintenance of plant cell wall structure and regulation of cell wall enzyme activity, as well as on fruit yield, flavor quality and storage. There is a mutual promotion between boron and phosphorus and nitrogen, while, an antagonistic relationship between boron and calcium.

  Arsenic Forms in Aquatic Products: Progress Research on Toxicology and Transformation 2019, 9 (12):  33-38.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190500026 Abstract + ( 478 )   PDF ( 1188KB )   ( 602 ) The paper aims to research the toxicity,toxicology effect and transformation mechanism of different arsenic compounds in aquatic products by studying the recent 20’s domestic and foreign literature about arsenic compounds accumulation in aquatics. It is found that inorganic arsenic is more toxic than organic arsenic in all arsenic compounds,but some researches have found that the toxicity of MMA(Ⅲ),a kind of organic arsenic compound,is several times higher than that of inorganic arsenic. In the determination of arsenic compounds in aquatic products, it concluded that organic arsenic is the main arsenic specie . However, there are still some deficiencies in these researches, such as most of the studies about arsenic determination are focus on seafood,so in the future, it should be devoted on the arsenic determination and accumulation regularity in freshwater aquatic products.It introduced in this paper that: 1.The common species of arsenic as inorganic arsenate(AsⅤ), arsenite(AsⅢ), dimethyl arsenic acid(DMA), momomethyl acid(MMA), arsenobetaine(AsB), arsenocholine(AsC), Trimethylarsine oxide(TMAO), Tetramethylarsonium ion(TETRA), arsenosugars and arsenolipids. 2.The sources of arsenic. 3.The toxicity, toxicology mechanisms,transformation and metabolic mechanisms among arsenic species, aiming to provide theoretical basis for the research on arsenic residues in aquatic products.

  Application of Different Materials in the Saline-alkali Soil Improvement 2019, 9 (12):  39-42.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18120025 Abstract + ( 375 )   PDF ( 1023KB )   ( 447 ) At present, about 80% of the saline-alkali land in China has not been effectively developed and utilized, and it has great development potential. How to improve saline-alkali land, increase soil fertility and increase crop yield has always been an important part of land remediation. This study is mainly aimed at the practical problems that need to be solved in China"s agricultural development. It discusses the different improved techniques of salinized soil and the function and applicability of different improved materials. It can effectively improve the nutrient status of saline soil and realize regional saline soil. The optimal improvement measures for continuous use play an important role. In order to provide reference for the improvement of saline-alkali land and the improvement of soil fertility.

  Bibliometrics-based Analysis of Highly-cited Papers of Aquaculture Technology in China 2019, 9 (12):  43-53.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190600074 Abstract + ( 311 )   PDF ( 1568KB )   ( 343 ) In this study, the bibliometrics method was used to analyze published papers in Chinese knowledge link database with the classification number S96 from 2012 to 2016, and their citation data in 2017 in the aspects of discipline publication, citation, topic relevance, discipline high-impact journals, highly-cited authors and institutions, aiming for sticking with the development trends of aquaculture technology in China, and providing references for researchers, scientific research management departments and editors of scientific journals. Results showed that: from 2012 to 2016, a total of 14168 papers from 6358 institutions in the aquaculture technology field published 20789 academic papers in 996 journals, and 3427 papers were cited in 2017, with an overall citation rate of 21.3%. The total citation frequency was 5459, the citation frequency per paper was 0.26. The average citation frequency of the top 10 papers cited in 2017 was 10.1, which was 1.4 times that of all 38 highly-cited papers. Keywordssuch as “amino acid”, “growth performance” and “fatty acid” have higher appearing frequency of documents, which demonstrated a research hotspot in 2017. Multiple concepts with Keywordssuch as “amino acid”, “fatty acid”, “muscle”, “textural property”, and “nutrition value” are related to each other, which constituted the most prominent research cluster in the discipline. The top three journals of the h index are Journal of Fisheries of China, Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, and Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica. The number of articles published by the highly-cited authors in the five-year discipline ranges from one to eleven. Besides, the distribution of journals varies from one to eight. Collaborative papers by highly-cited authors in the field of aquaculture technology are more common. In this study, we could find that with the continuous improvement of scientific research foundation, the research capacity of aquaculture technology is continuously improved. The development of aquaculture technology disciplines will be steadily based on the mainstay of the Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, China Ocean University, Shanghai Ocean University and Guangdong Ocean University, with the surport of scientific jounrals such as Journal of Fisheries of China, Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica and Journal of Fisheries Sciences of China.

  The Development of Veterinary Sciences in Seven Universities at Home and Abroad Based on InCites: A Comparative Analysis 2019, 9 (12):  54-59.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190700104 Abstract + ( 364 )   PDF ( 1284KB )   ( 361 ) Based on InCites database, this paper systematically analyzed the development of veterinary sciences of China Agricultural University, Huazhong Agricultural University, South China Agricultural University, and Yangzhou University during the period of 2008 to 2018. Moreover, the discipline competitiveness was evaluated by comparing with that of the University of California Davis, University of London Royal Veterinary College, and Ghent University. The results show that veterinary sciences of the four Chinese universities have developed well in recent years, with increased output of academic papers. However, there is still a big gap between domestic and foreign universities in terms of the quantity of papers, citation frequency, cites per document, highly cited papers, and H- index. Therefore, it is suggested that domestic niversities should strengthen academic team building and pay more attention to talent cultivation and introduction to increase the output of academic papers, promote the connotative development of veterinary sciences to improve the quality of papers, and strengthen international exchanges and cooperation to enhance the academic influence and innovation ability.

  IT Application of Science and Technology Association: Development Strategies and Suggestions 2019, 9 (12):  60-64.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190700143 Abstract + ( 416 )   PDF ( 1714KB )   ( 322 ) Under the background of "Internet plus", IT Application has become an important support for promoting scientific and technological societies to improve their business capabilities and enter the main battlefield of scientific and technological construction and economic construction. As a typical representative of science and technology society, China Association of Agricultural Science Societies has accumulated useful experience in information construction. China Association of Agricultural Science Societies (CAASS) has gone through a century of history. As a social organization, it serves vast number of agricultural science and technology workers, and takes the promotion of‘Sannong issues’(namely agriculture, rural community and farmers) as its own responsibility. Entering the information age, CAASS attaches great importance to the development of IT application, and actively explores the path suitable for itself. This paper reviews the development stage and expounds the status quo of the IT application of CAASS, and puts forward suggestions on the advancement of IT application in the light of the current construction of "Smart Science Societies".

  The Revision of the Law on the Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products: Reflections 2019, 9 (12):  65-68.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190900186 Abstract + ( 440 )   PDF ( 1028KB )   ( 310 ) This paper expounds the necessity of revising the Law on the Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products from the aspects of new stage of agricultural development, new requirements for supervision, adjustment of department responsibilities, problems in law enforcement and new practices in supervision. Then, it puts forward the principles of paying equal attention to both quality and safety, giving priority to prevention, as well as joint administration, and suggestions on content revision of the law.

  Ecological Niches’Influencing Factors of Animal Husbandry and Food Industry Cluster Enterprises Based on SEM 2019, 9 (12):  69-77.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190800158 Abstract + ( 381 )   PDF ( 1822KB )   ( 300 ) In recent years, to achieve sustainable development in the increasingly severe competition, enterprises have gradually moved towards industrial clustering, accompanied by the development of industrial clusters greatly supported by the state and the government. In some areas, enterprises in animal husbandry and food industry cluster have faced a series of problems such as severe homogenization of products, excessive competition and resource plunder. Based on the enterprise ecological niche theory, this paper extracts the first, second and third ecological factors that affect the ecological niches of animal husbandry and food enterprises, and uses AMOS 22.0 analysis software to build a structural equation model (SEM) to perform validation factor analysis. After the model is tested and corrected, 6 secondary ecological factors and 22 tertiary ecological factors affecting the ecological niches of enterprises in animal husbandry and food industry cluster are identified.

  Benefit Distribution System of Achievements’Transformation of Agricultural Research Institutes for Public Welfare: A Case of Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences 2019, 9 (12):  78-82.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18120024 Abstract + ( 436 )   PDF ( 1175KB )   ( 382 ) The paper aims to establish a more incentive benefit distribution system of achievements’ transformation, mobilize the enthusiasm of agricultural science and technology personnel and improve the conversion rate of agricultural scientific and technological achievements. We took the agricultural research institutes for public welfare as research objects, and adopted the methods of typical survey and questionnaire survey to explore the problems existing in the benefit distribution system. The results showed that: the benefit distribution system in the agricultural research institutes for public welfare had some problems, such as “difficulties in implementation, single identification of achievements’ownership, ambiguous sources of the transformation benefit, lack of coordination mechanism for benefit distribution”. So, it is recommended to improve the organization management system of the achievements’transformation, clarify the content and scope of profit distribution, establish a long- term investment incentive mechanism, hoping to constantly improve and implement the benefit distribution system of achievements’transformation.

  On the Brain Drain of Agricultural Research Institutes in the Competition of Talents ——Taking Tropical Agricultural Research Units as the Example 2019, 9 (12):  83-86.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20191000217 Abstract + ( 387 )   PDF ( 1105KB )   ( 419 ) Grass-roots agricultural scientific research institutes are the crucial forces of leading rural revitalization, promoting innovation of agricultural technology and driving development of rural economy and society at the grass-roots level. Present situation of serious brain drain was described in grass-roots agricultural research institutes . Moreover, primary reasons of the brain drain was analyzed and enlightenment was summrrized based on two typical tropical agricultural research institutes. Consequently, Proposals according to cherishing high-level talents,attracting talents by forming "soft advantages ”,opening up green channels for talents and providing stage for talents to realize their value are put forward.

  Promoting the Overall Rural Revitalization by Cultivating More Rural Talents 2019, 9 (12):  87-91.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190700112 Abstract + ( 575 )   PDF ( 1043KB )   ( 679 ) Talents are the determinant factor of rural revitalization. To implement the strategy of rural revitalization and promote the overall rural development, we must adhere to the strategy of prioritizing the talent development and strengthen the weak links in the cultivation of rural talents. By analyzing the problems in the construction of rural talent team, such as shortage in total number, unsatisfied quality, serious brain drain, disconnected training and demand, imperfect working mechanism and so on, the author proposes that the cultivation of rural talents should be problem-oriented and goal-oriented, and focus on the aspects of top design, system and mechanism innovation, targeted implementation, training of key talent groups, thus to accelerate the construction of rural talent team and the development of rural undertakings, and promote the overall rural revitalization.

  Cultivation of Agricultural Innovative and Entrepreneurial Talents Based on Rural Revitalization 2019, 9 (12):  92-95.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190600096 Abstract + ( 499 )   PDF ( 1017KB )   ( 407 ) The rural revitalization strategy is a strategy for rural development in the Report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.The key of rural revitalization is the development of agricultural industry and the prosperity of rural economy. The development of agricultural industry and the prosperity of rural economy must rely on science and technology. Therefore, the implementation of the national rural revitalization strategy requires a large number of advanced agricultural science and technology, familiar with the agricultural industry, the courage to innovate, and the entrepreneurial technical talents who dare to be entrepreneurial. This paper discusses the new requirements of the implementation of the national rural revitalization strategy for the cultivation of agricultural talents in colleges and universities, analyzes the challenges faced by the cultivation of agricultural higher education talents under the background of the implementation of the national rural revitalization strategy, and proposes countermeasures for agricultural innovation and entrepreneurship based on rural revitalization.

  The Role of Science and Technology Innovation in Rural Revitalization in Heilongjiang 2019, 9 (12):  96-100.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas19010027 Abstract + ( 461 )   PDF ( 1052KB )   ( 452 ) Science and technology are No.1 productive forces. Scientific and technological innovation is the resource of driving force for world development and an important power to promote the development of rural revitalization of a region. This paper analyzes factors that science and technology innovation in hei longjiang province rural revitalization of the significance and the important support role. It is on this foundation that variety improvement, technology updates and popularizing argument rural revitalization effect of science and technology innovation in Hei longjiang. Some advices and countermeasures provided from the adjustment of industrial structure, upgrade the technology level, increase the farmers" training and tertiary industry integration.