Current issue

• 2020 Vol.10 No.2 Published:24 February 2020

  Rice Yield in Typical Areas of Guangxi: Components Analysis Chen Piao, Li Jiawen, Huang Binxiang, Hu Liting, Tan Ying, Pan Xuebiao 2020, 10 (2):  1-6.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190700133 Abstract + ( 354 )   HTML ( 15 )   PDF ( 1260KB )   ( 431 ) To explore the relationship between rice yield and yield components in typical areas of Guangxi, based on the yield data of 3 varieties in 4 typical test sites from 2007 to 2016, we analyzed the performance of different locations and varieties, and studied the impact of various factors on yield by different statistical analysis methods. The results of grey correlation analysis showed that: the seed setting rate of the rice varieties in the study area contributed the most to the yield, followed by the number of panicles and the number of grains per panicle, but the differences among the yield factors were not significant; the correlation analysis showed that: the biggest impact on yield was the seed setting rate, followed by the number of grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight; the regression analysis revealed the breeding advantages of the 3 varieties; the path analysis analyzed the differences between the direct and indirect effects of components on yield. According to the results, we propose suggestions for breeding and cultivation of rice varieties in Guangxi as taking the priority of ensuring the seed setting rate, and exploring the balance between effective panicle number and 1000-grain weight.

  Effect on the Seedling Growth of Double Cropping Late Rice: Concentration and Time of Paclobutrazol Spraying Chen Dandan, Xu Xiaolin, Li Daming, Yu Xichu, Hu Huiwen, Ye Huicai, Hu Zhihua 2020, 10 (2):  7-11.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190800172 Abstract + ( 327 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF ( 1186KB )   ( 236 ) To study the effect of paclobutrazol spraying on the seedling growth of double cropping late rice and provide technical support for the management of matrix seedlings, ‘Huayou2’ was chosen as the material to analyze the effect of concentration and time of paclobutrazol spraying on the quality of matrix seedlings through the rice seedling nursery experiment. Results showed that paclobutrazol spraying significantly delayed the seedling growth of rice, the seedling height decreased significantly. The regulating effect of paclobutrazol spraying on the seedling height enhanced as the spraying concentration increasing, and weakened as the spraying time putting off. Paclobutrazol spraying significantly influenced the chlorophyll content of the rice seedling, the SPDA value had extremely significant difference between the spraying time (T) and concentration(C) treatments, and had significant difference among the spraying time (T) × concentration (C) treatments. With a certain concentration, the root amount, length and root vigor increased significantly with the spraying concentration increase. Too high concentration and delayed spraying time inhibited the root growth. In consideration of rice seedling height, the chlorophyll content and root growth, the rice seedling quality is optimal under T1C2 and T2C2 treatments.

  Application of Factor Analysis in Corn Production Test Meng Jingjiao, Xie Zhijian, Chen Guobin 2020, 10 (2):  12-17.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas19020018 Abstract + ( 314 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF ( 1237KB )   ( 540 ) To study the feasibility and application value of factor analysis in corn production tests and explore a more comprehensive and scientific evaluation method for test results, thus to put fine varieties in large-scale cultivation and promotion, the growth period, agronomic traits and disease resistance of 6 tested corn varieties (one as the control) of production test (middle altitude group) of Tianfeng corn variety consortium were analyzed by means of factor analysis in Baoshan in 2018. The results indicated that, the cumulative contribution rate of the first two common factors to total variation of population accounted for over 73.33%, and the two independent common factors could truly reflect the 7 traits and their relationship. The first common factor mainly included five traits of growth period, gray spot, ear rot, small spot and large spot, and was called growth period and disease resistance factor; and the second common factor was named main agronomic trait factor due to its control of plant height and ear height. Factor scoring showed that, among the 6 tested varieties, ‘Jinhe 880’ gained the lowest overall score which was related to the poorest score of the first common factor, thus it could be sown early in production; owing to the best score of the second common factor, ‘Fuhua 9’ had the highest overall score which could reduce plant height appropriately in the cultivation practice; ‘Jinheyu 618’ was suitable for expanding planting and promotion in the middle altitude region of Baoshan on the basis of its finest overall factor scoring. Factor analysis is applicable to the analysis and evaluation of corn production tests, and has some guiding significance in cultivation. With the help of factor scoring, specific and effective cultivation measures could be adopted for each variety to improve productivity and economic benefits.

  Effects of Paclobutrazol on Growth and Physiological Properties of Foxtail Millet Nie Meng'en, Liu Qingshan, Bai Wenbin, Guo Pingyi, Fan Xinqi, Wang Haiyan, Yang Huiyong 2020, 10 (2):  18-23.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18110001 Abstract + ( 479 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF ( 1373KB )   ( 388 ) Paclobutrazol with the concentrations 150, 300, 600, 1200 mg/L were applied on ‘Jingu 21’ and ‘Zhangza 5’ in the seedling stage to study the effects on development and physiological properties of foxtail millet, with distilled water as control. The randomized blocks design was adopted. The results showed that spraying leaves with paclobutrazol could significantly improve the content of chlorophyll, soluble protein and soluble sugar. The SOD activity, POD activity and NR activity were significantly enhanced, but the plant height and MDA content were reduced. Compared with the control, on August 21 st, spraying leaves with 300 mg/L, the plant height decreased by 4.75% and 11.75%, the chlorophyll content increased by 41.8% and 32.5%, the SOD activity increased by 11.5% and 13.9%, the POD activity increased by 37.4% and 25.9%, the MDA content decreased by 21.8% and 16.8%, the NR activity increased by 13.56% and 16.18%, the soluble protein content increased by 3.97% and 5.37%, the soluble sugar content increased by 30.8% and 24.2%, respectively. Therefore, the optimum paclobutrazol concentration for controlling the growth of foxtail millet is 300 mg/L.

  Weeding Technology of Organic Rice Cultivation in the Southeast of Jilin: A Preliminary Study Hou Wenping, Wang Cheng’ai, Zhao Lei, Zhao Xiuzhe, Yu Yabin, Li Yan, Gao Liangwen, Han Lin 2020, 10 (2):  24-28.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18110007 Abstract + ( 251 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF ( 1222KB )   ( 328 ) To explore new methods of weeding and improve the weeding effect in organic paddy fields, covering biodegradable film before transplanting and covering straw between rows in 6 periods after transplanting were adopted to eliminate and control the amount of weeds and screen out the best weeding measures and periods in organic paddy fields. The results showed that mulching biodegradable plastic film before transplanting seedlings in organic paddy fields had the best effect on weed control, which not only achieved the purpose of highly effective weed control, but also increased the yield and revenue without affecting the quality of organic rice. During the period of early tillering stage (June 13-18) and late tillering (July 3), row covering straw could effectively prevent Echinochloa crusgalli, Beckmannia syzigachne and Sagittaria trifolia . Covering straw after seedling transplanting or in the beginning tillering period (June 8-10) could improve the control effect of Scirpus juncoides. Covering the biodegradable film before rice transplanting and covering straw between rows from seedling recovering to late tillering stage according to the weed species could not only have a good effect on weed control and removal, but also an obvious effect on yield increase. Covering rice straw between rows can also achieve the effect of returning rice straw to the field and improving soil fertility.

  Rice Bacterial Blight: Relationship Between the Epidemic and Meteorological Conditions and Its Prediction Model Peng Rongnan, Chen Bing, Chen Guanhao, He Zehua, Qiu Shishan, Song Zuqin, Liang Shengming 2020, 10 (2):  29-33.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190700101 Abstract + ( 387 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF ( 1206KB )   ( 254 ) The paper aims to clarify the relationship between meteorological conditions and the occurrence of rice bacterial blight, and to improve the ability to predict the occurrence of the disease. Based on the data of late rice bacterial blight and the meteorological data in Huazhou during 1985-2015, we conducted the correlation analysis. The results showed that: the precipitation, rainy days, relative humidity and typhoon from September to October were positively correlated with the degree of disease; the sunshine duration and temperature were negatively correlated with the degree of disease; the key meteorological factors affecting the occurrence of bacterial blight were precipitation from mid-August to mid-September, precipitation coefficient from September to October, precipitation intensity in late August and typhoon frequency in September. We established the prediction model of meteorological grade for the incidence degree of late rice bacterial blight by the stepwise regression statistical method; the multiple correlation coefficient R of the model was 0.9000, which passed the significance test of a=0.01; the fitting accuracy of model was 89.4%; the average test accuracy of the occurrence level of bacterial blight during 2016-2018 by the model was 93.3%. The model fitting results and the test accuracy are good, providing the basis for scientific decision-making on the comprehensive control of rice bacterial blight.

  Safety of Different Proportions of Imidacloprid on Mung Bean: A Preliminary Study He Xiaoyong, Tian Xiaoyan, Kong Qingquan, Zhao Cunhu, Chen Wenjin, Wang Hui, Yan Leixin, Guo Junwei 2020, 10 (2):  34-37.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18110013 Abstract + ( 410 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF ( 1207KB )   ( 306 ) The safety of seed treatment imidacloprid on mung bean was evaluated under laboratory and field conditions. ‘Bailv 11’ and ‘Kelv 1’, two mung bean varieties with different seed sizes, were treated with imidacloprid at different proportions and dosages, the germination rate, gemmule and radicle length were examined after germination. The results showed that the germination rate of the two varieties had no difference when the cultural temperature was ≥20℃, while seeds treated with higher dosage of imidacloprid had significant lower gemmule length and radicle length compare with the contrast. Under the cultural temperature <20℃, the germination rate of the two varieties had no difference in the lower-dosage imidacloprid treatment, however, the germination rate, gemmule length and radicle length were significant lower than that of the contrast at the higher-dosage imidacloprid treatment. Result in field test further confirmed the effects of imidacloprid treatment. As a conclusion, it is safe to mung bean under a ratio of seed coating agents to mung bean seeds of 1:100, concentration of imidacloprid≤40%, soil moisture≥20%, and large seed varieties have higher safety.

  The Types and Damages of Biological Disasters in Sichuan Dry-land Li Xingyue, Xiang Yunjia, Li Qiyong, Fu Huijuan, Ni Jianying, Zhou Xiaogang, Zhang Hong 2020, 10 (2):  38-44.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas19010030 Abstract + ( 347 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF ( 1180KB )   ( 759 ) Agricultural bio-disaster is a serious kind of natural disaster, usually refers to large outbreak of harmful organisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi, harmful plants and harmful animals, etc.) that threaten or endanger agricultural production, agro-ecological environment and human economic activities. It mainly includes crop diseases, insects, grasses, and rodents. There are many kinds of bio-disasters in Sichuan with high occurrence and serious damage, which gravely affect the yield and quality of agricultural products. Through mass data research on the types of disasters, we analyzed the damage situation, the trend of damage, and the reasons of aggravating biological disasters with a view to the development status of dry-land agriculture in Sichuan. We summarized the types and causes of the occurrence of dry-land biological disasters, and proposed the prevention and control strategy as “plant quarantine as the premise, agricultural measures as the basis for prevention and control, physical measures as the support, biological measures as the focus, chemical prevention and control as the guarantee”. Mastering the types and damage regularity of biological disasters could help us to carry out targeted prevention and treatment, so as to reduce losses in agricultural production.

  Transplanting Density, Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilizer: Effects on Agronomic Characters and Yield of Weakly Photosensitive Hybrid Rice ‘Yuanfengyou86’ Liu Zhu 2020, 10 (2):  45-49.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20191000209 Abstract + ( 348 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF ( 1213KB )   ( 318 ) The paper aims to discuss the high-yield cultivation technique of weakly photosensitive hybrid rice ‘Yuanfengyou 86’, we studied 3 cultivation measures of planting density, levels of N and K fertilizer application for weakly photosensitive hybrid rice ‘Yuanfengyou 86’ by using the optimum design, and established the regression models of main agronomic characters, yield and the 3 cultivation measures to analyze the effects of the measures. The results showed that: increasing N fertilizer application could prolong the whole growth period; increasing K fertilizer application could increase the plant height; increasing planting density could increase the effective panicle, increasing K and N fertilizer could also increase the effective panicle; increasing the planting density and N fertilizer application could decrease the grain number per panicle; increasing N fertilizer application could increase the seed setting rate, and the effect of the measures on 1000-grain weight was weak. The main factors affecting yield were N and K fertilizer application, and the optimum measures for high-yield were screened out by computer simulation, the average planting density was 180.5-245.6 thousand clumps/hm 2, the application of K2O was 64.3-116.7 kg/hm 2 and the application of pure N was 76.9-137.9 kg/hm 2.

  Effects of Various NPK Combinations on Yield, Economic Benefit and Nutrition Utilization of Wheat with Mulching and No-tillage Chen Jianfeng, Chen Hua, Fu Libo, Wang Zhiyuan, Hong Lifang, Su Fan, Yin Mei 2020, 10 (2):  50-55.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18090021 Abstract + ( 335 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF ( 1116KB )   ( 274 ) The aims are to study the effects of various NPK combinations on yields, economic benefit, and nutrition utilization of upland wheat with mulching and no-tillage, and to provide optimized nutrient management strategies for upland wheat production. The field experiments and indoor determinations were used in this study. The data of soil wet and temperature, wheat growth, yield, economic benefit, and nutrition utilization of wheat with traditional tillage and mulching and no-tillage were obtained. The results showed that the height, soil wet and temperature in different growth periods with mulching and no-tillage (N2P2K2 Treatment) were higher than those with traditional tillage N2P2K2 (CK). The yield and economic benefit of wheat with mulching and no-tillage was 366.9 kg/hm 2 (13.14%) and 503.05 yuan/hm 2 (12.80%) higher than those of traditional tillage N2P2K2 (CK), respectively. Nutrition utilization of NPK with mulching and no-tillage (N2P2K2 Treatment) were higher than those with traditional tillage N2P2K2 (CK). With the mulching and no-tillage treatments, the yield and economic benefit of N0P0K0 treatment was the lowest. The yield and economic benefit of N3P2K2 treatment was the highest. NPK agronomic efficiency and NPK partial factor productivity of wheat with mulching and no-tillage treatments decreased with the increasing of NPK application. The treatment of N3P2K2 (N 225.00 kg/hm 2, P2O5 75.00 kg/hm 2 and K2O 75.00 kg/hm 2) obtained high nutrition utilization, high yield and high economic benefit, it was the optimum treatment in this experiment.

  Reduced Compound Fertilizer with Bio-organic Fertilizer: Effects on Soil Fertility and Enzyme Activity of Tomato Zhao Manxing, Liu Hui, Wang Jing, Chang Huixuan, Cheng Zhirong 2020, 10 (2):  56-61.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190600069 Abstract + ( 328 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF ( 1278KB )   ( 334 ) To clarify the effect of compound fertilizer reduction with bio-organic fertilizer, taking a tomato cultivar ‘Tuteng’ as the study object, we studied the effects of applying bio-organic fertilizer combined with different compound fertilizer reduction (10%, 20% and 30%) on soil fertility and enzyme activity. The results showed that: compared with conventional fertilization (CK), chemical fertilizer reduction combined with bio-organic fertilizer could significantly increase the soil available nutrients, compared with compound fertilizer (TK) treatment, the contents of soil organic matter, balkali-nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium increased by 6.42%-26.11%, 14.75%-26.23%, 4.38%-10.74% and 26.63%-39.09%, respectively; compared with CK and TK, chemical fertilizer reduction combined with bio-organic fertilizer significantly decreased soil enzyme activity during seedling period; and increased the activities of urease and catalase at flowering stage by 73.05%-92.74% and 14.65%-32.23%, respectively; during maturity, the bio-organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer reduction 20% (F2) increased the urease activity by 10.90%, and the bio-organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer reduction 10%, 20%, 30% (F1, F2, F3) significantly increased the catalase activity by 55.56%, 82.22% and 76.67%, respectively; with the extension of the growth period of tomato, the catalase activity increased first and then decreased.

  Study on Hericium erinaceus Cultivated by Pomace of Ziziphus jujube var. spinosa Li Hui, Li Jiamin, Dong Qingwu, Wang Chaojiang, Ji Hua, Gao Chunyan 2020, 10 (2):  62-66.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20191000223 Abstract + ( 338 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF ( 1184KB )   ( 243 ) To utilize the pomace of Ziziphus jujube var. spinosa (PZJS) and solve the resource waste and environmental contamination caused by processing of Z. jujube var. spinosa, a study was conducted to cultivate Hericium erinaceus by culture substrates adding different ratios (20%, 40%, 60% and 80%) of PZJS into conventional corncob formula and investigate the yield and nutritional components of H. erinaceus. The results showed that the mycelial growth rate of H. erinaceus was decreased and the periods for mycelial incubation and fruiting were extended with the increased addition of PZJS. When the PZJS proportion in the cultivation formulation was 20% and 40%, the yield of H. erinaceus was significantly increased and the quality of fruit body was improved, showing the increase of the fresh mushroom water content and the crude protein content, the decrease of the crude fat and fiber, and the increase of the essential amino acids content, and the quality of protein was closer to the FAO/WHO recommended level, and the content of iron was significantly increased comparing with that of CK. Our results indicated that it was feasible to cultivate H. erinaceus using the PZJS and the adding ratio of PZJS should be controlled in the range of lower than 40%. The study could provide a scientific method for the comprehensive utilization of PZJS and broaden the source of edible fungus cultivation substrate.

  Application of Plant Derived Small Molecule Organic Carbon in Aquaculture Zou Haiping, Liu Zhigang 2020, 10 (2):  67-68.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20191000221 Abstract + ( 325 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF ( 951KB )   ( 222 ) Starting from the problems faced by the sustainable development of domestic aquaculture industry, we independently developed the ‘biomass refining’ technology and the complete set of equipment, extracted water-soluble organic carbon materials with high activity and small molecules from natural plants, and introduced them into aquaculture. Combined with years of research and practice, we analyzed the economic and social benefits, and proved that the plant derived small molecule organic carbon had high activity and could play an important role in aquaculture.

  Near Infrared Spectroscopy in Poultry Breeding: Application Status Niu Minglei, Hao Xin, Li Jianhua, Wang Junwei, Li Ping’an, Li Hua 2020, 10 (2):  69-74.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190800156 Abstract + ( 298 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF ( 1193KB )   ( 309 ) Near-infrared spectroscopy is a new method for rapid spectral analysis. With the development of spectroscopy and stoichiometry, near-infrared spectroscopy has been widely used in agriculture, food, medicine and petrochemical industries, which has greatly improved the informatization level of various industries. Based on the application status of near-infrared spectroscopy in poultry breeding, the development of near-infrared spectroscopy and its application in feed ingredient detection and poultry meat detection are summarized in this paper. Within the aspects of feed detection and poultry meat detection, a mathematical model with high precision and high stability for predicting was established by correlating the spectral information of the poultry meat sample with the reference value of the quality index. Compared with traditional methods, near-infrared spectroscopy has the advantages of providing large amount of information and fast calculation. This paper also summarizes the application status of near-infrared spectroscopy in feed quality detection and meat quality detection, and points out the possibility of large-scale application of near-infrared spectroscopy in poultry farming. The problems and future development of near-infrared spectroscopy are discussed; the results show that NIR spectroscopy has good development prospects and application value in feed and animal products’ detection.

  Rice Biological Characteristics: Effects on Methane Emission from Paddy Fields Shen Xueliang, Tian Guanglei, Zhou Yuanchang, Wang Ying 2020, 10 (2):  75-80.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190500057 Abstract + ( 358 )   HTML ( 12 )   PDF ( 1065KB )   ( 544 ) To clarify the relationship between rice varieties and methane emission from paddy fields, and provide a basis for cultivating low methane rice varieties, in this study, we discussed the relationship between rice plant and methane emission from two aspects of plant morphological and biological characteristics. It is found that: rice roots mainly affect the methane production and oxidation through root exudates and root oxygen secretion capacity; rice tillering characteristics mainly affect methane emission; methane production and emission are affected by photosynthesis and transpiration of rice leaves; the influence of rice grain filling characteristics on methane production is mainly due to the competition of carbohydrates with roots. These factors affect the methane emission of paddy fields independently and coordinately.

  Status of GM Crops Development in Pakistan Sun Zhuojing, Duan Yaguang, Wu Jirong, Peng Chen 2020, 10 (2):  81-84.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190700123 Abstract + ( 356 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF ( 1061KB )   ( 293 ) In recent years, great progress of GM technology and its commercialization has been made all over the developing countries. As a South Asian country, Pakistan has profound traditional friendship with China, and is regarded as an important stop of the ‘Belt and Road’ Initiative. In the paper, current situation of GM technology development and GM crops commercialization in Pakistan were reviewed, the management framework and policy change of GM crops were studied, and the problems of policy, regulation, intellectual property rights, consumer awareness and so on were analyzed. The results can provide certain reference for the formulation of GM policy in China.

  Effects of MeJA Treatment on Skin Browning and Antioxidant Capacity of Postharvest ‘Huangguan’ Pear During Cold Storage Wang Qingguo, Wang Xuan, Xu Xinxin, Tao Ning, Liu Pei 2020, 10 (2):  85-91.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18100007 Abstract + ( 405 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF ( 1346KB )   ( 447 ) To study the inhibiting mechanism of MeJA on skin browning, treatment of 1, 10 and 100 μmol/L MeJA dip were applied to post-harvested ‘Huangguan’ pear fruits and the effects on skin browning spot index, polyphenol content, PPO and PAL activity, antioxidant defense systems including POD, CAT, APX activity, DPPH clearance ratio and the H2O2 content were detected. The results showed that compared with control (without MeJA treatment), treatment of 100 μmol/L MeJA reduced the skin browning spot index markedly, decreased PPO, PAL activity and polyphenol content, increased POD, CAT, APX activity and DPPH clearance ratio, decreased the H2O2 content. Above all, treatment of 100 μmol/L MeJA could reduce skin browning of ‘Huangguan’ pear during the long-term cold storage through inducing antioxidant defense of pear skin, removing H2O2 and inhibiting oxidation of phenols.

  Main Meteorological Factors and Winter Wheat Yield: Grey Correlation Degree Analysis Hu Yuanchun, An Guangchi, Yang Ning, Li Quanjing, Cui Yunpeng 2020, 10 (2):  92-95.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190700115 Abstract + ( 329 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF ( 1163KB )   ( 263 ) To evaluate the influence of meteorological factors on wheat yield, make rational use of climate resources and improve wheat yield in southern Shandong, we analyzed the relationship between winter wheat yield and main meteorological factors in southern Shandong from 2008 to 2017 by using the methods of grey correlation and stepwise regression. The results of grey correlation analysis showed that: the main meteorological factors affecting winter wheat yield in southern Shandong were orderly ≥10℃ accumulated temperature, the precipitation during the growth period, ≥0℃ accumulated temperature and the cooling capacity, ≥20℃ accumulated temperature and sunshine hours, with the correlation coefficient of 0.4721, 0.4201, 0.3992, 0.3756, 0.3621 and 0.3131, respectively; the results of stepwise regression analysis were consistent with the results of grey correlation analysis, ≥10℃ accumulated temperature was the main factor affecting winter wheat yield and was followed by precipitation, and both of them caused positive effects; the regression equation (P=0.0408, R 2=0.9811) could be applied to the prediction of winter wheat yield in southern Shandong.

  On Perfecting the Wage System of Agricultural Public Welfare Institutions From the Perspective of the Classification Reform of Public Institutions Liu Yannan, Zhao Wen, Lu Hanning 2020, 10 (2):  96-100.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20191000247 Abstract + ( 356 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF ( 1068KB )   ( 247 ) This paper takes the reform of the classification of public institutions as the research background and the public welfare institutions of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs as the research object, and carries out the study by adopting the literature research method and the historical research method. We start with the connotation of the wage system, wage level and wage adjustment mechanism, and sort out the concept of the wage system of the institutions and the normal adjustment mechanism of wages. From the perspective of history and development, we analyze the research and conclusions of the past literature on the wage system, wage level, wage growth mechanism, and classification of institutions, and describe the distribution of wages and the characteristics of wage systems in different periods. We also summarize the core elements of the changes in the previous wage system, explore the internal relationship between the reform of the wage system of public institutions and the development of social economy and the changes of the state management system, and clearly put forward the significance of improving the wage system of public institutions. The wage level of staff in public institutions should be coordinated with the national economic development and adapted to social progress. At present, in the context of deepening the classification reform of public institutions, it is necessary to complement and perfect the wage system and normal growth mechanism of public institutions in line with the public welfare requirements of the development of agriculture, and stimulate the enthusiasm of staff officers of agricultural public welfare institutions. Speeding up the construction of a balanced comparison mechanism with the external labor market, the normal growth mechanism of basic wages and the dynamic adjustment of performance pay are suggested measures.