Current issue

• 2020 Vol.10 No.9 Published:20 September 2020

  Organic Active Nitrogen Fertilizer (OAN): Effects on Plant Growth, Yield and Quality of Rice Du Bai, Xie Tongzhou, Hu Xianqiao, Zhang Shoujiang, Zhang Weixing 2020, 10 (9):  1-6.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas19040027 Abstract + ( 574 )   HTML ( 16 )   PDF ( 1244KB )   ( 339 ) The objective is to study the effects of organic active nitrogen fertilizer (OAN) on plants growth, yield and quality of rice, and provide supporting technologies of production and application of the fertilizer. ‘Jiayin 2’ was used as the material, 4 fertilizer treatments and one control with no fertilizer were set up. The field plot comparative experiment was conducted. Compared with control and other fertilization treatments, in T2 (OAN combined with phosphate and potash fertilizer) had more effective panicles per plant and high dry matter accumulation at maturity. The yield of T2 was increased by 0.95% compared with that of T1 (urea combined with phosphate and potash fertilizer), by 12.94% compared with T3 (only OAN), and by 9.45% compared with T4 (only urea). Meanwhile, the grain length and gel consistency was improved, while the chalk white rice rate was decreased; the protein, amylase, appearance quality, cooking and taste quality, and nutritional quality were improved. Thus, the organic active nitrogen fertilizer (OAN) should be applied with phosphate and potash fertilizer, which could promote rice plants growth, increase grain yield and improve rice quality.

  Evolution and Correlation Analysis of Apparent Traits of Winter Wheat in Huanghuai Dry Land Yang Ziguang, Meng Limei, Sun Junwei, Zhang Ke 2020, 10 (9):  7-15.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20191100270 Abstract + ( 562 )   HTML ( 16 )   PDF ( 1361KB )   ( 420 ) The study aims to evaluate the changes of the main traits of winter wheat in the Huanghuai dryland regional test and the relationship between the traits, and fully explore the utilization rate of the big data of traits in the regional trial and the possibility of using succession characteristics to improve the breeding accuracy of the selected traits, thus providing support of trait selection in wheat breeding. 16 apparent quantitative traits collected from tested varieties in the Huanghuai winter wheat dryland region in the year 2000-2015 were summarized and classified. Taking the yield traits, broad tolerance traits, and quality traits as the three index traits, based on the grouping of regional test, the differences in traits and performance trends of two kinds of tested cultivars were compared, and simple correlation analysis and typical correlation analysis method were used to study the general traits (sub-traits or indirect traits for breeding-assisted selection) and target traits (required traits of variety approval direct inspection) of the tested lines. Typical trait factors and their effects on selection and evaluation of dryland wheat breeding traits were analyzed to improve the selection of excellent traits.

  New National Silage Maize Variety ‘Zhongyu 335’: Breeding and Supporting Technology Tan Youbin, Tang Gaomin, Su Daozhi 2020, 10 (9):  16-20.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0036 Abstract + ( 836 )   HTML ( 21 )   PDF ( 1122KB )   ( 1085 ) This paper introduced the breeding process, main characteristics and the cultivation technology of silage maize variety ‘Zhongyu 335’. The variety was selected and bred by Sichuan Jialing Crop Variety Research Center, and it is a high-yield, high-quality, widely adapted and dual-purpose new maize variety, crossed by self-selected line ‘2YH1-3’ (female parent) and self-selected line ‘SH1070’ (male parent), and was certificated by Sichuan Province, Guizhou Province, Yunnan Province and Hubei Province in 2009-2012. In 2018-2019, it passed the validation of special silage maize by the Nation and the Beijing Municipality, and was registered for introduction in eight provinces and autonomous regions, including Shannxi, Shanxi, Hebei, Tianjin, Liaoning, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, and Chongqing. This variety has the characteristics of high yield, excellent quality, strong comprehensive resistance, adaptability, and low seed production cost. According to the specific condition of each production place, taking complementary cultivation techniques as timely sowing, reasonable dense planting, scientific fertilization, strengthening field management and pest control, etc., the variety’s potential can be fully exerted and the high yield can be easily obtained.

  Study on the Bacteriostatic Effect of Ambrosia artemisiifolia Extract on Botryosphaeria dothidea of Poplar Jiao Liman, Peng Rusheng, Feng Lianrong, Li Xiaoyu, Zhao Dagen, Zhang Yan, Ji Chunyang 2020, 10 (9):  21-24.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20200300043 Abstract + ( 537 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF ( 1578KB )   ( 321 ) In order to solve the problem of popularization and application of Ambrosia artemisiifolia extract in the prevention and control of forest diseases and insect pests, A. artemisiifolia leaves were used as the experimental materials, and the antibacterial active substances were extracted by the method of warm soaking and ultrasonic extraction. In addition, the indoor and outdoor bacteriostatic tests of the extracts against the pathogen of poplar Botryosphaeria dothidea were carried out. Indoor bacteriostatic test showed that the bacteriostatic rate reached 73.62% when the concentration of crude extract was 16 mg/mL. Field control test showed that the minimum bacteriostatic concentration was 40 mg/mL, and the bacteriostatic rate reached 95.14%. The above results show that the crude extract of A. artemisiifolia has a good inhibitory effect on poplar B. dothidea.

  Risk Control of Heavy Metal Pollution in Farmland Soil Wang Qing, Zhang Yawei 2020, 10 (9):  25-28.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0102 Abstract + ( 611 )   HTML ( 22 )   PDF ( 1103KB )   ( 1116 ) The heavy metal pollution of farmland soil directly affects agricultural products’ quality safety and threatens human health, so it is of great significance to carry out the classification management and risk control of farmland soil. By reviewing relevant policy papers and literatures at home and abroad, this study summarized current situation and characteristics of heavy metal pollution in farmland soil of China, analyzed the source of heavy metals in farmland soil, and systematically outlined the risk control measures of heavy metal pollution in farmland. Moreover, this study highlighted the latest research progress of soil remediation technologies such as agronomic regulation, soil improvement, bioremediation and so on. Finally, existing problems in risk control of heavy metal pollution in farmland soil were pointed out and future research directions were discussed.

  Non-point Source Pollution in the Planting Industry of Weinan, Shaanxi: Status, Prevention and Control Difficulties and Countermeasures Zhang Junli, Lei Jianxin, Zhao Xiaojin, An Xiaoling, Xue Jing, Bai Yisha, Chen Jinli, Yang Yuanyuan, Li Yang 2020, 10 (9):  29-32.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190600093 Abstract + ( 520 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF ( 1096KB )   ( 805 ) Mastering the status quo of non-point source pollution is a prerequisite to pollution prevention and control. In this study, we summarized the non-point source pollution in the planting industry of Weinan, and pointed out prominent problems, such as the high amount and lower efficiency of fertilizer application, the pollution of pesticide packaging, the persistence of residual mulch pollution and the comprehensive utilization of straw. Then, combined with the difficult points in control and prevention, we put forward countermeasures in terms of publicity and popularization, supervision strengthening, sound legal system, funding guarantee as well as research innovation and extension.

  The Fertilizer Efficiency of Ammonium Polyphosphate Compound Fertilizer on Tomato in Greenhouse Wang Tingting, Yang Hengzhe, Li Yuanfeng, Zhao Wen, Zhang Shumin, Zhou Li, Xie Xueshi 2020, 10 (9):  33-37.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20191200318 Abstract + ( 714 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF ( 1245KB )   ( 547 ) To compare the effects of ammonium polyphosphate compound fertilizer (APP) and traditional fertilizer on tomato, this study explored the fertilization effects of APP and common compound fertilizer with same nutrient level on tomato growth and production by setting tomato fertilizer test. Results showed that by upgrading equipment, the degree of polymerization of APP was 3-15, completely water soluble and suitable for agriculture. The production process was safe and the product quality was stable. There was no significant difference in plant height and stem diameter of tomato under APP and common compound fertilizer application. However, the chlorophyll value of leaves increased by 11.2%, the vitamin C content in fruits increased by 14.7%, the soluble sugar content in fruits increased by 29.5%, and the yield increased by 8.4% under APP application in contrast to common fertilizer. Our study indicates that this APP fertilizer is suitable for agricultural application, and the compound fertilizer using APP as raw material could greatly improve the fruit quality and enhance the yield of tomato.

  The Temperature Suitability of Laiwu Ginger Wang Qizhen, Fan Yongqiang, Xu Fengxia 2020, 10 (9):  38-42.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20200200014 Abstract + ( 530 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF ( 1268KB )   ( 529 ) Based on the meteorological data during the growing season of Laiwu ginger from 2009 to 2018, and combined with the index of ginger developing period, a daily temperature suitability model was established by using the fuzzy mathematics method, and the characteristics of temperature suitability in different growth periods of ginger and its response to climate change were quantitatively analyzed and evaluated. The results showed that the temperature suitability of Laiwu ginger in the growing season was relatively high, with an average of 0.72, which exceeded 0.7 except from sowing to seedling stage. The ginger temperature suitability was: harvesting period>young sprout period>exuberant growing period>sowing to germination period. Temperature suitability fluctuated greatly from sowing to germination period. Temperature was the main meteorological factor affecting the timely sowing of ginger. From 2009 to 2018, the temperature suitability of Laiwu ginger changed obviously, showing an increasing trend from sowing period, seedling period to young sprout period, and vigorous growth period, which reduced the risk of low temperature and high temperature. Under the background of global warming, the temperature suitability of ginger in Laiwu presents a linear increase during the growing season, and temperature has a positive effect on the growth and development of ginger. Based on mathematical statistical methods, three kinds of evaluation indexes (not suitable, suitable, and very suitable) for the temperature suitability of ginger in different development stages are determined.

  Effect of Pre-harvest Fungicide Treatment on Storage Quality and Physiological Indexes of Harvested Hami Melon Wang Xiaoping, He Gang, Xu Jian 2020, 10 (9):  43-47.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0038 Abstract + ( 505 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF ( 1125KB )   ( 687 ) Aiming at the disease and decay of Hami melon in field and post-harvest, taking Xizhoumi 25 as the experimental material, spraying treatment was carried out in the period of fruit enlargement and formation of checker with 0.4 g/kg rovral and 0.53 g/kg oxine-copper. The effects of pre-harvest fungicide treatment on the storage quality and physiological indexes of Hami melon were studied at room temperature. The test results showed that after being stored for 12 d, the hardness of core part treated with fungicides was 0.72 kg/cm2, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (0.49 kg/cm2). The decay rate under pre-harvest treatment was 20%, and the control group was 55%, but the effect was not as good as that in the post-harvest treatment group. On the 9th d under room temperature storage, the CAT activity of pre-harvest treatment was 115.8 U/g, which was relatively stable. The conclusion is that the pre-harvest treatment has a certain effect on the storage quality and physiology of Hami melon, and the storage effect of pre-harvest combined with post-harvest treatment is better.

  Water Stress and Cerasus humilis: Impact on Growth and Economic Benefit Zhang Hongyin, Cai Zhanhong, Yin Shaomei, Tu Jianjun, Wang Hao, Ma Wenli 2020, 10 (9):  48-52.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20200300066 Abstract + ( 814 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF ( 1218KB )   ( 376 ) By studying the lower limit of suitable irrigation of Cerasus humilis under drip irrigation, the proper irrigation quota of C. humilis in the sandy loam of northwest central arid region of China was determined. The results showed that the growth index of C. humilis was faster in the early stage and slower in the middle stage, and the difference was significant with the aggravation of water stress. Under the condition of 55% lower limit of irrigation, plant growth performance was the best, plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves and average fruit stem growth were 50 cm, 5.82 mm, 56 leaves and 20.25 mm, respectively, single fruit weight was 15.54 g, and yield per plant was 229.02 g, which was significantly superior to other irrigation levels. In view of the comprehensive benefit, the water condition was suitable for increasing production, excluding the cost of water and electricity, the direct benefit could be 72169.48 yuan/hm2. The results showed that the water consumption was 5009.78 m3/hm2 and the irrigation quota was 3688.35 m3/hm2 when the soil water content was 55% of the lower limit of field water holding capacity, and the condition was beneficial to crop growth and the accumulation of fruit quality factors of C. humilis.

  Blooming Change and Its Climate Impact Factors of Prunus davidiana in Beijing Dong Wanlin, Wang Linpeng, Fang Zhiling, Wang Xiaochen, Li Chao, Pan Xuebiao 2020, 10 (9):  53-59.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190700116 Abstract + ( 481 )   HTML ( 12 )   PDF ( 1330KB )   ( 416 ) To provide a basis for the forecast of blooming stage and the ecological impact assessment of climate change, based on the observation data of Prunus davidiana at blooming stage in the Summer Palace in Beijing from 1951 to 2004, we analyzed the interannual and inter-decadal change of the blooming period of Prunus davidiana and the influencing climate factors. The results showed that: the average blooming date of Prunus davidiana was March 26, and there was a significant advance trend among the years; the turning point of the blooming period of Prunus davidiana was in 1980s, with a significant advance trend (P<0.01) after 1980s, which was 6 days earlier during 1980s-2000s than that during 1950s-1970s; the average, latest and earliest blooming period of Prunus davidiana of 10 years were all significantly advanced, especially after 2000, 14 days, 14 days and 16 days earlier, respectively, compared with those of 1951-1990; the average air temperature from 1 January to the blooming period was the main factor affecting the blooming date of Prunus davidiana; the increase of average air temperature (in winter and spring) before blooming was the main climate factor which significantly promoted the blooming of Prunus davidiana after 1980s.

  The Influence of Circulating Water Treatment System on Large-scale Aquaculture: An Evaluation Dong Xingguo, Jing Hongjun, Li Lingguo, Shen Hairong 2020, 10 (9):  60-65.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20191200300 Abstract + ( 529 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF ( 1307KB )   ( 614 ) To verify the practical culturing effect of a previously designed circulating water treatment system based on heterotopic pond restoration technology, a large-scale multi-species saturating culture experiment was carried out for 3 years. The effects of the system on water quality control was evaluated by measuring the total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), chemical oxygen consumption (CODMn) and chlorophyll (Chla) in a common freshwater fish culturing pond. The results showed that in the early stage of the experiment, the total nitrogen level (TP) of the circulating water of the pond reached Class III of the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB 3838—2002), and the total phosphorus level (TN) reached Class III to V. The average removal rate of TP, TN, CODMn and Chla was 40.13%, 45.02%, 43.37% and 86.6%, respectively. The removal efficiency of the system was significant. In the late stage of the experiment, with the continuous increase of the feed input, although the efficiency of the circulating system was greatly improved, the data of each index were still higher than expected. This experiment provides a new idea for the treatment of large-scale aquaculture water by circulating water in freshwater ponds.

  Analysis of Euphausia superba Industry Patent Technology Status in China Long Lina, Liu Huang 2020, 10 (9):  66-71.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0063 Abstract + ( 614 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF ( 1510KB )   ( 627 ) The paper aims to discuss the current status and existing problems of patent technology development of Euphausia superba industry in China. Using bibliometrics and text mining methods, this paper analyzed E. superba patent applications in China, including overview, application trends and technology life cycle, patent space and technology distributions, applicants and patent value analysis. The results show that the research and development of China’s E. superba patent technology is in the development stage, and the level of patent technology has been improved. However, the value of E. superba patents owned by foreign applicants is high. Attention should be paid to improving the quality of China’s E. superba patents, and carrying out research on E. superba industry planning and strategy, so as to provide reference for the development of the entire industrial chain of E. superba in China.

  Regional Trial Data Bulk Extraction and Aggregation Software Based on Excel VBA: Development and Application Guan Xiaomin, Yang Zhonglu, Chen Haifeng, Qiu Dezhen, Zhou Xin’an 2020, 10 (9):  72-77.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190800162 Abstract + ( 550 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF ( 2675KB )   ( 639 ) To complete data aggregation of the same variety in different trial points in regional trials efficiently, the authors developed the software based on Excel VBA. The software opens the word documents with source data one by one and extracts data from multiple tables in a file by executing multiple loops, then exports the table data from the same location in different files to a specified Excel worksheet. By computing, it can open file in batches in the background and realize the extraction of the same table data in each file and the summary of the same variety data in different trial points quickly. In the process of table data extraction, it could split and extract the table data once by calculating the row number in the summary table, which satisfies the requirement of regional trial data’s bulk extraction and aggregation with high efficiency and lays a foundation for subsequent data processing. The software is easy to operate and has fast running speed and high efficiency. It is not only suitable for data summary of regional trial, but also for other similar data summary and processing. It has certain value of popularization and application in data interaction between Office Word and Excel.

  Advantages and Disadvantages of the Construction of Agricultural Industrial Parks Peng Shuting 2020, 10 (9):  78-82.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190700135 Abstract + ( 1939 )   HTML ( 60 )   PDF ( 1009KB )   ( 1076 ) As an effective production organization form prevailing all over the world, industrial cluster is an important way for a country or region to obtain competitive advantage. The industrial park has become an important platform and incubation carrier to promote the adjustment of industrial structure, economic development and the gathering of science and technology industries. It carries a series of important missions, such as gathering innovative resources, cultivating new industries, solving the issues of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and promoting the integration of urban and rural areas. In order to research the pros and cons of industrial park construction, give a full play to the industrial park to build the positive role in promoting local economic and social development, the author went to Shandong, Heilongjiang, Hunan, Guangdong and other places to carry on the research on industrial park construction, and based on this, put forward suggestions as optimizing park planning and layout, increasing the capital investment in a diversified way and building characteristic industry, improving the talent cultivation mechanism, and optimizing the investment environment.

  Reform of State-owned Institutions in Agricultural and Rural Systems Wu Junze, Guo Jingru 2020, 10 (9):  83-88.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20200300065 Abstract + ( 1158 )   HTML ( 17 )   PDF ( 1347KB )   ( 1286 ) The reform of state-owned institutions in agriculture and rural systems is an important part of the reform of the party and state institutions. In order to systematically review the reform progress of the state-owned institutions in the national agricultural and rural systems, identify the key points of the reform, and provide reference for the formation of joint efforts in the work of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, this study analyzes the current situation of the reform of state-owned agricultural and rural institutions in the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, provincial, prefecture-level, county-level and township agricultural and rural systems, explores the main difficulties in the reform, and puts forward suggestions for the reform of state-owned agriculture-related institutions at the county and township level.

  Selection of Blocking Pathways to Intergenerational Transmission of Poverty—— Based on Rural Sports Revitalization Liang Juzhi, Zhang Tiexiong 2020, 10 (9):  89-94.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0058 Abstract + ( 625 )   HTML ( 12 )   PDF ( 1123KB )   ( 907 ) In the decisive stage of overcoming poverty, hidden and stubborn factors in poverty alleviation are the key problems that need to be solved urgently, and the elimination of deep poverty problem needs more precision and innovative motive force. Therefore, based on the theoretical framework of sports science, the paper explores the blocking pathways of poverty intergenerational transmission in the new era from the perspective of sports poverty alleviation. Using the methods of literature and logic analysis, this paper analyzes the structure, culture and mixed mechanism of poverty intergenerational transmission, and then explores the three-dimensional hidden dilemma of poverty intergenerational transmission in subject endowment, ideology and economic foundation. The paper puts forward that from the main body of poverty, ‘ambition, mind, physical health’ should be highlighted at the same time, from ideology, carrying forward the traditional national sports and adhering to cultural self-confidence should be uphold; from the economic basis, revitalizing the rural sports industry and increasing income and expanding posts should be undertaken. It provides some theoretical support for blocking the intergenerational transmission of poverty through the particularity and irreplaceable development of the poverty alleviation path.

  Targeted Poverty Reduction from the Perspective of Assistance Staying at Village Zhang Fei, Jiang Pengbo 2020, 10 (9):  95-102.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20191000207 Abstract + ( 549 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF ( 3131KB )   ( 376 ) Targeted poverty reduction is a major strategic deployment of CPC and the country in the new era, the premise and basis for rural revitalization, and a key step to achieve a well-off society in all aspects. Targeted poverty reduction is to increase the family income and to improve the life quality of the poverty population by taking different forms of assistance measures for the rural population in the backward villages and remote mountainous areas in China. The paper took Ruhe village, a key poverty-stricken village in the mountainous areas of southern Shaanxi as an example, firstly analyzed the poverty cause of Ruhe village from three aspects: natural factors, human factors and other factors, then discussed the assistance measures about targeted poverty reduction for Ruhe village, including the relocation, cultural and educational assistance, industry developing assistance, consumption of poverty reduction and so on, and finally explored the ways of poverty alleviation. The results show that industrial development, especially long-term industrial development, is the key to targeted poverty reduction, and taking assistance measures is to complete the task of targeted poverty reduction and to win the battle against poverty. Generally speaking, targeted poverty reduction is not only about helping rural economic development, but also making rural development sustainable.

  Agricultural Poverty Alleviation Through Rice-fish Farming in Hunan Xie Chunfeng, Deng Lingyun, Lu Ming, Xiong Yushuang, Luo Qinghua 2020, 10 (9):  103-108.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190900189 Abstract + ( 648 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF ( 1145KB )   ( 558 ) Rice-fish farming, with small investment, quick effect, low risk and high profit, is an important means of poverty alleviation through the development of green industry. The authors analyzed rice-fish farming modes in Hunan, such as government predominance type of Chenzhou Ctiy, market-oriented type of Nanxian County, and government plus market type of Chenxi County, for poverty alleviation. It is suggested that the long-term plan, mechanism of industrialization and performance evaluation, construction of infrastructural facilities, research on policy of rice-fish farming should be enhanced for poverty alleviation through industrial development.