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农学学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (12): 40-46.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17090018

所属专题: 烟草种植与生产

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同氨基酸有机肥对烤烟生长发育及产质量的影响

向德明,张明发,彭曙光,黄远斌,田 峰,罗建新,刘国顺,蔡云帆,田明慧,张黎明,吕启松   

  1. 湖南湘西州烟草公司生产技术中心,湖南湘西州烟草公司生产技术中心,湖南省烟草公司,湖南湘西州烟草公司花垣分公司,湖南湘西州烟草公司生产技术中心,湖南农业大学,河南农业大学,湖南湘西州烟草公司生产技术中心,湖南湘西州烟草公司生产技术中心,湖南湘西州烟草公司生产技术中心,湖南湘西州烟草公司生产技术中心
  • 收稿日期:2017-09-26 修回日期:2017-12-08 接受日期:2017-12-25 出版日期:2018-12-17 发布日期:2018-12-17
  • 通讯作者: 张明发 E-mail:zmf008711
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省烟草公司重点项目 “湖南烟区植烟土壤有机质分布特征及有机肥影响烤烟品质机理研究与应用” (项目编号:15-18Aa01)与“基于营养诊断的烤烟肥料配方改进技术研究与应用”(项目编号:xx16-18Aa02)

Effect of Application of Different Amino Acid Organic Fertilizers on Growth and Development,Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

  • Received:2017-09-26 Revised:2017-12-08 Accepted:2017-12-25 Online:2018-12-17 Published:2018-12-17

摘要: 研究不同氨基酸有机肥对烤烟生长发育及产质量影响,为烤烟生产施肥提供参考依据。采用小区试验方式,对比了常规生物有机肥 ( 对照) 、氨基酸有机肥A型150kg/h㎡、氨基酸有机肥A型300kg/h㎡、氨基酸有机肥B型150kg/h㎡和氨基酸有机肥B型300kg/h㎡与化肥配施对烟叶农艺性状、整齐度、根干重、经济性状、化学成分与评吸质量的影响。结果表明,氨基酸有机肥与生物有机肥相比,能提高上中等烟叶比例,提高中部叶的钾氯比与上部叶的总糖含量,降低上部叶的总氮含量,改善中部烟叶的香气质,增加中部烟叶的香气量,提高中部烟叶的评吸质量;4个氨基酸有机肥处理间相比,以300kg/h㎡用量的氨基酸有机肥A型较好,能促进大田烤烟个体与群体的中部叶生长发育,促进烟草根系的发育,提高烟叶产量与产值,增加烟农收入,总体上化学成分较协调, 中部叶评吸质量较好。湘西植烟区烟叶生产以氨基酸有机肥A型300kg/h㎡较适宜。

关键词: 夏玉米, 夏玉米, 株型, 种植密度, 冠层特性, 产量

Abstract: The purpose of this experiment is to research the effects of application of different types and dosage of amino acid organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer on the growth and development and yield and quality of the flue-cured tobacco leaves, and provide a reference for the production practice. The field plot experiment was done to investigate the agronomical characteristics, unifornity, root dry weight, value and output, chemical components and mid leaves smoking quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves by applying different types and dosage of amino acid organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer in the contrast of bio-mixed organic fertilizer(control) and amino acid organic fertilizer A 150 kg/hm2 and amino acid organic fertilizer A 300 kg/hm2 and amino acid organic fertilizer B 150 kg/hm2 and amino acid organic fertilizer B 150 kg/hm2. The results indicated that proportion of mid high grade leaves and potassium to chlorine of the mid leaves ratio and content of total sugar of higher leaves and smoking quality of mid leaves were increased in the four amino acid organic fertilizer treatments compared with bio-organic fertilizer treatment, improving fragrance quality and increasing amount of fragrance of mid leaves. The contents of TN in leaves were decreased in the four treatments. High quality leaves containing the suitable ratio of chemical composition could be obtained by the amino acid organic fertilizer A treatment in 300 kg/hm2. The sensory evaluation indicated that the higher flavor quality of mid leaves could be obtained by the treatment. The mid leaves in amino acid organic fertilizer of 300 kg/hm2 treatment had the characteristics of suitable growth and development, increasing yield and quality and tobacco farmers’ income, and good root development. So the amino acid organic fertilizer A treatment in 300 kg/hm2 was the optimum combination in tobacco-growing region of Xiangxi.