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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (3): 43-48.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190600084

所属专题： 玉米

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

株间穴施对夏玉米产量和养分吸收的影响

郭娅(), 尹焕丽, 常凤, 李岚涛, 赵丽芳, 张倩, 王宜伦()   

  1. 河南农业大学资源与环境学院,郑州 450002
  • 收稿日期:2019-06-19 修回日期:2019-07-20 出版日期:2020-03-30 发布日期:2020-03-29
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技支撑计划“华北平原小麦–玉米轮作区高效施肥技术研究与示范”(2015BAD23B02)

Inter-plant Hole Application of Fertilizer: Effect on Yield and Nutrient Absorption of Summer Maize

Ya Guo(), Huanli Yin, Feng Chang, Lantao Li, Lifang Zhao, Qian Zhang, Yilun Wang()   

  1. College of Resource and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
  • Received:2019-06-19 Revised:2019-07-20 Online:2020-03-30 Published:2020-03-29

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摘要：

为探究合理的夏玉米高产简化施肥技术。以‘浚单29’为材料,采用田间试验方法研究了开沟条施、正位肥料减量30%穴施、株间全量及肥料减量30%穴施等施肥方式对夏玉米产量、果穗及植株表观性状、生物量和氮磷钾养分积累量的影响。结果表明,株间全量穴施较开沟条施植株表观性状均增加,增产3.70%,地上部生物量增加3.56%,氮、磷养分积累显著增加11.24%和19.44%;肥料减量30%可显著降低夏玉米产量、地上部生物量及氮磷养分积累12.88%~16.56%、11.28%~15.12%、20.13%~30.07%和21.66%~38.19%,施肥方式和肥料用量对夏玉米钾素积累无显著影响。株间穴施和正位穴施差异不显著,较开沟条施更有利于地上部氮磷钾养分吸收从而促进产量提高。夏玉米专用肥750 kg/hm 2配合株间穴施显著提高夏玉米产量,而且养分吸收效果较好,是当前试验条件下较好的施肥管理措施。

关键词: 株间穴施, 夏玉米, 产量, 养分吸收, 肥料减量

Abstract:

The study aims to explore the high-yield simplified fertilization techniques for summer maize. ‘Xundan 29’ was used as material, and field experiment was conducted to study the influence of ditching strips, 30% reduction in the positive point, the inter-plant total amount and the 30% reduction of hole application on the yield, ear and plant apparent characters, biomass, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulation. The results showed that the apparent characters of inter-plant total amount hole application were improved compared with ditching strips, the yield increased by 3.70%, aboveground biomass increased by 3.56%, nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation increased by 11.24% and 19.44%. 30% reduction could significantly reduce the yield, aboveground biomass, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient accumulation by 12.88%-16.56%, 11.28%-15.12%, 20.13%-30.07% and 21.66%-38.19%, respectively. Both fertilization method and fertilizer amount had no significant effect on summer maize potassium accumulation. Even though there is no significant difference between inter-plant hole application and the positive point hole application, both of them could increase the aboveground absorption of N, P and K nutrients compared with the ditching strips, thus promoting summer maize yield. The 750 kg/hm 2 special fertilizer application combined with the inter-plant hole application increased the yield obviously, and the nutrient absorption was better, which was the appropriate management measure under the current experiment condition.

Key words: Inter-plant Hole Application, Summer Maize, Yield, Nutrient Absorption, Fertilizer Reduction

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