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农学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (3): 50-54.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2021-0075

所属专题: 生物技术 园艺

• 林学/园艺/园林/食用菌 • 上一篇    下一篇

葫芦砧木嫁接对西瓜生长、果实性状和产量的影响

邹宜静1(), 江建红2, 王光锋3, 黄凯美1, 梁大刚4(), 颜韶兵1   

  1. 1杭州市农业技术推广中心,杭州 310017
    2杭州康成农业科技有限公司,浙江临平 310008
    3浙江浙农农业科技有限公司,浙江余杭 311115
    4杭州市农业农村事务保障中心,杭州 310017
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-26 修回日期:2021-10-14 出版日期:2022-03-20 发布日期:2022-03-22
  • 通讯作者: 梁大刚 E-mail:yijingzou@126.com;553664360@qq.com
  • 作者简介:邹宜静,女,1981年出生,山东烟台人,高级农艺师,硕士,主要从事农作物新品种新技术试验示范推广工作。通信地址:310017 浙江省杭州市上城区杭海路768号 杭州农业大楼1-505,Tel:0571-86494630,E-mail: yijingzou@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    杭州市农业与社会发展科研主动设计项目“瓜类产业提升关键技术集成创新与应用”(20180416A04)

Effects of Calabash Rootstock Grafting on Growth, Fruit Traits and Yield of Watermelon

ZOU Yijing1(), JIANG Jianhong2, WANG Guangfeng3, HUANG Kaimei1, LIANG Dagang4(), YAN Shaobing1   

  1. 1Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Hangzhou, Hangzhou 310017, Zhejiang, China
    2Kangcheng Agricultural and Technology Co., Ltd., of Hangzhou, Linping 310008, Zhejiang, China
    3Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd., of Zhejiang, Yuhang 311115, Zhejiang, China
    4Agricultural and Rural Affairs Security Center of Hangzhou, Hangzhou 310017, Zhejiang, China
  • Received:2021-04-26 Revised:2021-10-14 Online:2022-03-20 Published:2022-03-22
  • Contact: LIANG Dagang E-mail:yijingzou@126.com;553664360@qq.com

摘要:

以‘早佳’西瓜为接穗,并以接穗实生苗为对照,比较分析7个葫芦砧木嫁接对‘早佳’嫁接成活率及定植后植株生长、果实性状、产量和田间抗病性的影响。结果表明,各砧木的嫁接成活率均在93%以上,与接穗亲和性良好。与对照相比,7个砧木嫁接均促进了接穗雌花早开,对果实性状和产量也有一定的影响;其中,砧木‘京欣砧1号’和‘火神’嫁接增强了植株长势,且田间发病率较低,砧木‘火神’嫁接的西瓜植株田间发病率最低(21.67%),‘京欣砧1号’次之(30.00%)。综合评价认为,砧木‘京欣砧1号’和‘火神’与接穗的嫁接亲和性良好,植株生长势强,单瓜质量增加,果实与接穗原有的外观形状和品质较为接近,田间发病率较低,且产量提高在20%以上,可作为西瓜嫁接栽培中葫芦砧木选择的参考品种进一步试验验证。

关键词: 西瓜, 葫芦砧木, 嫁接, 生长, 果实性状, 产量

Abstract:

The effects of watermelon scion ‘Zaojia’ grafted on seven calabash rootstocks on the survival rate, plant growth, fruit traits, yield and disease resistance were analyzed in this study. A grafted survival rate over 93% was observed in all rootstocks, indicating that they had good compatibility with the scion. Compared with the control, earlier flowering of female flowers and certain effects on fruit traits and yield were observed in all rootstocks’ grafting scion. Furthermore, the watermelon plants grafted on rootstocks ‘Jingxinzhen 1’ and ‘Huoshen’ had enhanced plant growth. The grafted plants on ‘Huoshen’ showed better disease resistance with the disease incidence rate of 21.67%, followed by those on ‘Jingxinzhen 1’ (30.00%). According to these results, the rootstock ‘Jingxinzhen 1’ and ‘Huoshen’ showed better grafting compatibility with ‘Zaojia’, including enhanced plant growth, increased single melon weight, similar fruit appearance and quality to that of scion, better disease resistance, and more than 20% yield increase. Therefore, ‘Jingxinzhen 1’ and ‘Huoshen’ could be used as candidate varieties for the selection of rootstock in watermelon grafting.

Key words: watermelon, calabash rootstock, graft, growth, fruit traits, yield

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