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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 1 ›› Issue (5): 9-12.

所属专题： 园艺

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

核桃青皮提取物对四种植物枯萎病菌的抑菌作用

乔永刚 牛颜冰 乔木 王德富 陈芳   

  • 收稿日期:2011-06-14 修回日期:2011-07-05 出版日期:2011-07-15 发布日期:2011-07-15

The inhibitory effect of extracts from Walnut Peel against four kinds of plant Fusarium Wilt pathogens

  • Received:2011-06-14 Revised:2011-07-05 Online:2011-07-15 Published:2011-07-15

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摘要：

为了研究核桃青皮提取物对4种植物枯萎病菌的抑菌作用，笔者采用甲醇、氯仿、石油醚对核桃青皮进行提取，并对抑菌活性最高的提取物（甲醇提取物）进行初步萃取分离，测定了不同溶剂粗提物和甲醇提取物不同溶剂萃取液对茄子枯萎病菌、黄瓜枯萎病菌、辣椒枯萎病菌和西瓜枯萎病菌的抑菌活性。结果表明，核桃青皮甲醇粗提液对4种供试枯萎病菌的抑制效果最好，浓度为4.0 mg/mL时，对黄瓜、茄子、辣椒枯萎病菌的抑制率均在60%以上，对西瓜枯萎病菌也为37.9%；核桃青皮甲醇提取物石油醚萃取物对西瓜枯萎病菌的抑制效果最好，抑制率为65%，对菌丝生长的EC50为4.45 mg/mL；氯仿萃取物对黄瓜、茄子枯萎病菌的抑制率最高，分别为65%、62.3%，对菌丝生长的EC50分别为4.46、3.51 mg/mL；甲醇萃取物对辣椒枯萎病菌的抑制效果较好，抑制率为63.94%，对菌丝生长的EC50为4.23 mg/mL。

关键词: 无核葡萄, 无核葡萄, 亲缘关系, SRAP标记, 聚类分析, 育种

Abstract:

In order to study the inhibitory effect of extracts from walnut peel on 4 kinds of plant fusarium wilt pathogens, petroleumether, chlorform and methanol were used to extract the walnut peel, the antimicrobial activity of different extracts were tested with Fusarium oxyspoumf .sp. melongenae, Fusarium oxysporiumf. sp. cucumeris, Fusarium oxysporumf. sp. pepper and Fusarium oxysporiumf. sp watermelon, respectively. The results showed that the methanol extracts of walnut peel had the strongest inhibitory effect on tested fusarium wilt, the inhibition rates were more than 60% to Fusarium oxyspoumf. sp. melongenae, Fusarium oxysporiumf. sp. cucumeris and Fusarium oxysporumf. sp. pepper, was 37.9% to Fusarium oxysporiumf. sp watermelon. The petroleum ether extracts from methanol extract of walnut peel had stronger antimicrobial activity with EC50 of 4.45 mg/mL against Fusarium oxysporiumf. sp watermelon, the inhibition rate was 65%, the inhibition rates of the chlorform extracts against Fusarium oxyspoumf. sp. melongenae and Fusarium oxysporiumf. sp .cucumeris were 65% and 62.3%，EC50 were 4.46 mg/mL and 3.51 mg/mL; the inhibition rate of the methanol extracts against Fusarium oxysporumf. sp. pepper was 63.94%, the EC50 values of methanol’s extraction against mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporumf. sp. pepper was 4.23 mg/mL.