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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 3 ›› Issue (2): 26-30.

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

植物粗提物对朱砂叶螨触杀活性的研究

宫芳芳 王有年 任建军 师光禄   

  • 收稿日期:2012-06-15 修回日期:2013-01-15 出版日期:2013-02-20 发布日期:2013-02-20

Primary Study on the Contact Toxicity of Crude Extract from 10 Medicinal Plants against Tetranychus cinnabarinus

  • Received:2012-06-15 Revised:2013-01-15 Online:2013-02-20 Published:2013-02-20

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摘要：

为了筛选出新型的植物源杀螨剂，采用玻片浸渍法测定10种植物30种粗提物对朱砂叶螨(Tetranychus cinnabarinus)成螨的触杀活性。当粗提物浓度为2 mg/mL时，蒲公英的氯仿粗提物和生栀子的甲醇粗提物，关黄柏、吴茱萸和甘草的石油醚粗提物，对朱砂叶螨均有较好的触杀活性，其中生栀子的甲醇粗提物致死率最高，为83.67%。经初步试验筛选，选取这5种触杀活性较高的中草药提取物做进一步的毒力测定，结果为关黄柏、吴茱萸的石油醚粗提物(24 h)的LC50值为分别为1.6332 mg/mL和1.6530 mg/mL；蒲公英的氯仿粗提物LC50值为(24 h)为1.6818 mg/mL；生栀子的甲醇粗提物(48 h)LC50值为1.4623 mg/mL；甘草石油醚粗提物(48 h)LC50值为1.5131 mg/mL。这5种中草药的提取物均具有比较好的杀螨活性。

关键词: 蚯蚓发酵液, 蚯蚓发酵液, 有机质, 可培养微生物, 酶活性, 产量

Abstract:

The acaricidal activities of thirty extracts from ten plants were evaluated against Tetranychus cinnabarinus. The results indicated that, the T. cinnabarinus mortality rate was significantly higher when treated by 2 mg/ml of the petroleum extract from phellodendron amurense, Cercospora euodiae, or Radix Glycyrrhizae, chloroform extract from Taraxacum offcinale Wigg or methanol extract from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. The most effective crude extract was from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis using methanol as extractant, with 83.67% of mortality rate ; The chloroform extract from Prunella vulgaris Linn led to the lowest mortality rate of 4.33％. According to the results of primary screening test，the contact toxicities of five herbal extracts against T. cinnabarinus were further tested . The results -provedthat the acaricidal activities of methanol extract from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis was highest,with LC5o value of 1.46mg/ml．