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农学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (4): 42-47.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas19040028

所属专题: 马铃薯 烟草种植与生产

• 园艺/园林/食用菌 • 上一篇    下一篇

烤烟套种甘薯对烟叶质量、烟薯产量及土壤温湿度的影响

祖韦军1,2, 潘文杰1,2, 林叶春2()   

  1. 1 贵州大学农学院,贵阳 550025
    2 贵州省烟草科学研究院/烟草行业山地烤烟品质与生态重点实验室,贵阳 550081
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-18 修回日期:2019-06-18 出版日期:2020-04-20 发布日期:2020-04-20
  • 通讯作者: 林叶春 E-mail:linyechun@live.cn
  • 作者简介:祖韦军,男,1994年出生,贵州威宁人,在读硕士研究生,主要研究方向为作物栽培学与耕作学。通信地址:550025 贵州省贵阳市花溪区贵州大学新校区农学院,E-mail:zwj2913wm@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省科技重大专题项目子课题“贵州烟区高效种植制度及养分统筹研究与示范”(黔科合重大专项字[2014]6015-3);中国烟草总公司科技重点项目“贵州蜜甜香清甜香亚高原山地生态烟叶开发”(110201802006);中国烟草总公司贵州省公司项目“贵州省代表性烟田土壤整段标本制作”(201722);中国烟草总公司贵州省公司科技项目“贵州亚高原山地生态烟技术体系构建与示范”(201706)

Effects of Flue-cured Tobacco Intercropping with Sweet Potato on Quality of Tobacco Leaves, Yields of Tobacco and Sweet Potato and Soil Temperature and Humidity

Zu Weijun1,2, Pan Wenjie1,2, Lin Yechun2()   

  1. 1 College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
    2 Upland Flue-cured Tobacco Quality & Ecology Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang 550081, Guizhou, China;
  • Received:2019-04-18 Revised:2019-06-18 Online:2020-04-20 Published:2020-04-20
  • Contact: Lin Yechun E-mail:linyechun@live.cn

摘要:

为筛选出适宜与烤烟套种的甘薯品种,解决部分烟区烤烟种植调茬难度大与综合效益低等问题,通过田间大区试验,研究烤烟套种不同甘薯品种对烟叶质量、烟薯产量及土壤温湿度的影响。结果表明,烟薯套种能够明显提升土壤相对含水率和烟叶产量,其相对含水率提高幅度介于12.03%~91.88%,烤烟产量增幅为12.29%~31.26%。烤烟套种甘薯以紫薯产量最高,块根产量达29400 kg/hm 2,且单薯质量大于100 g占总薯重的比例在紫薯中最高。烤烟套种甘薯提升了烤烟中上部烟叶的总糖和还原糖含量,降低了烟碱和总氮含量,有利于改善烟叶内在品质。烤烟套种甘薯降低了上部烟叶含梗率,但增大了上部烟叶叶面密度,以烤烟套种紫薯表现突出。烤烟与紫薯套种,可作为一种烟田增产、烟叶增值和烟农增收的种植模式。

关键词: 烤烟, 甘薯, 套种, 产质量, 土壤温湿度

Abstract:

To select the suitable variety of sweet potato intercropping with flue-cured tobacco, this study analyzed the effects of different sweet potato varieties intercropping with flue-cured tobacco on soil temperature & humidity, quality of tobacco leaves, yields of flue-cured tobacco and sweet potato in field. The results showed that the soil moisture contents in the top 10 cm soil layer and the yield of tobacco leaves were enhanced by 12.03%~91.88% and 12.29%~31.26% respectively, compared with flue-cured tobacco monoculture. The root yield of purple sweet potato was the highest of 29400 kg/hm 2, and its ratio of single tuber size more than 100 g was the highest. Flue-cured tobacco/sweet potato intercropping system could improve the internal quality of tobacco leaves, like increasing the total sugar and reducing sugar, decreasing the nicotine and total nitrogen of the middle and upper tobacco leaves. Flue-cured tobacco/sweet potato intercropping system reduced the stem content but increased the leaf density of the upper tobacco leaves, especially in flue-cured tobacco/purple sweet potato intercropping system. In conclusion, the purple sweet potato is the most suitable for intercropping with tobacco, which could provide a cropping system for enhancing yield, output and benefit in production area of flue-cured tobacco.

Key words: Flue-cured Tobacco, Sweet Potato, Intercropping, Yield and Quality, Soil Temperature and Humidity

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