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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (8): 69-76.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0110

• 农业工程 农业机械 生物技术 食品科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同成熟度烟叶颜色值、SPAD值差异及对烤后烟叶品质的影响

唐民1(), 黄建1, 卢维捧2, 张红2, 王柱石3(), 马占峰1, 杨锡坤4, 肖飞3   

  1. 1 江西中烟工业有限责任公司，南昌 330000
    2 云南省烟草公司红河州公司，云南弥勒 652300
    3 云南瑞升烟草技术（集团）有限公司，昆明 650106
    4 云南省烟草公司昆明市公司，昆明 650000
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-11 修回日期:2024-11-18 出版日期:2025-08-18 发布日期:2025-08-18
  • 通讯作者:
    王柱石，男，1985年出生，湖北咸宁人，高级工程师，主要从事烟草栽培和调制研究工作。通信地址：650106 云南昆明市高新区海源北路1699号 云南瑞升烟草技术（集团）有限公司，Tel：0871-68334614，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    唐民，男，1972年出生，江西安福人，农艺师，主要从事烤烟生产技术研究和管理。通信地址：330000 江西南昌市高新技术开发区金圣工业科技园 江西中烟工业有限责任公司，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    江西中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目“‘金圣’品牌需求导向型烟叶适宜成熟度研究与应用”(2023360000340276)

Differences in Color Value and SPAD of Tobacco Leaves with Different Ripeness and Their Effects on Quality of Cured Tobacco Leaves

TANG Min1(), HUANG Jian1, LU Weipeng2, ZHANG Hong2, WANG Zhushi3(), MA Zhanfeng1, YANG Xikun4, XIAO Fei3   

  1. 1 China Tobacco Jiangxi Industrial Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330000
    2 Yunnan Tobacco Company Honghe Branch, Mile Yunnan 652300
    3 Yunnan Reascend Tobacco Technology (Group) Co., Ltd., Kunming 650106
    4 Yunnan Tobacco Company Kunming Branch, Kunming 650000
  • Received:2024-06-11 Revised:2024-11-18 Online:2025-08-18 Published:2025-08-18

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摘要：

为探究不同成熟度烟叶颜色值、SPAD值及烤后烟叶品质的差异，于2023年在云南省红河州泸西县午街铺镇进行试验，以‘云烟87’为供试品种，选取烟叶中部和上部部位为试验材料，研究3个成熟度烟叶采烤时的不同区段颜色参数、SPAD值以及烤后烟叶常规化学成分和感官质量。结果表明，随着中部、上部烟叶采收成熟度的提高，烟叶L*、a*、b*值逐渐增大，SPAD值逐渐减小，叶面颜色均匀度变差；同片烟叶不同区段颜色值和SPAD值有差异，其中靠叶尖的区段颜色值偏大、SPAD值偏小；中部烟叶中偏下的区段（C区）、上部烟叶中偏上的区段（D区）颜色值与叶片整体均值相近，中部、上部烟叶中偏上的区段（D区）SPAD值与叶片整体均值相近。从烤后烟叶质量看，随着成熟度的提高烟叶品质先提升后降低；中部烟叶在叶面黄绿色面积6成左右、主脉变白1/2左右时采烤，上部烟叶在叶面黄绿色面积8成左右、主脉变白2/3左右时采烤，烤后烟叶综合品质相对较好。另外，烟叶颜色参数L*、a*、b*均与SPAD值呈负相关，颜色参数、SPAD值均与烟叶部分常规化学成分指标呈显著或极显著相关。研究旨在为当地烤烟生产、鲜烟叶采收成熟度的智能判别和采收提供技术参考。

关键词: 成熟度, 颜色值, SPAD, 烟叶品质, 相关性分析

Abstract:

In order to explore the differences in color value, SPAD value and quality of cured tobacco leaves with different maturity levels, the color parameters, SPAD values, conventional chemical composition and sensory quality in different sections of the tobacco leaves of three ripening levels were studied using the middle and upper tobacco leaves of ‘Yunyan 87’ as materials. The results showed that with the increase of the harvesting maturity of the middle and upper tobacco leaves, the L*, a* and b* values of tobacco leaves gradually increased, the SPAD values gradually decreased, and the uniformity of leaf color deteriorated. The color value and SPAD value of different sections of the same tobacco leaf were different, and the color value of the section near the tip of the leaf was larger and the SPAD value was smaller. The color value of the lower section (C area) of the middle tobacco leaves and the upper section (D area) of the upper tobacco leaves was similar to the overall mean value of the leaves, and the SPAD value of the upper section (D area) of the middle and upper tobacco leaves was similar to the overall mean value of the leaves. From the perspective of the quality of cured tobacco leaves, with the improvement of maturity, the quality of tobacco leaves first increased and then decreased; the middle tobacco leaves were roasted when the yellow-green area of the leaf surface was about 60% and the main vein became white about 1/2, while the upper tobacco leaves were roasted when the yellow-green area of the leaf surface was about 80% and the main vein became white about 2/3, the comprehensive quality of the cured tobacco leaves was relatively good. In addition, the color parameters L*, a* and b* of tobacco leaves were negatively correlated with SPAD values, and the color parameters and SPAD values were significantly or extremely significantly correlated with some conventional chemical composition indexes of tobacco leaves.

Key words: maturity, color values, SPAD, tobacco quality, correlation analysis