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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (8): 64-68.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0015

• 林学 园艺 园林 食用菌 • 上一篇    下一篇

畜禽粪肥对越冬茬茄子农艺性状和产量的影响

赵士花1(), 杨宁2(), 郝冉冉1, 韩晴1, 赵会侠3, 褚衍仕4, 孙炜翔2, 赵作胜5, 龙启源6, 龙启健7   

  1. 1 枣庄市台儿庄区农业技术推广中心，山东台儿庄 277400
    2 枣庄市农业农机技术推广中心，山东枣庄 277800
    3 枣庄市台儿庄区乡村振兴服务中心，山东枣庄 277400
    4 枣庄市薛城区乡村振兴服务中心，山东薛城 277000
    5 枣庄市台儿庄区邳庄镇农业综合服务中心，山东台儿庄 277400
    6 枣庄市台儿庄区马兰屯镇农业综合服务中心，山东台儿庄 277400
    7 台儿庄区龙府家庭农场，山东台儿庄 277400
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-24 修回日期:2024-08-08 出版日期:2025-08-18 发布日期:2025-08-18
  • 通讯作者:
    杨宁，男，1986年出生，高级农艺师，本科，主要从事农业技术研究与推广工作。Tel：0632-3321038，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    赵士花，女，1981年出生，农艺师，本科，主要从事基层土肥技术研究与推广工作。E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    2020年中央农业生产发展资金扶持项目“台儿庄区2020年化肥减量增效试点县”(鲁农财字[2020]47号); 2021年枣庄市科技发展计划项目“越冬茬茄子‘畜禽粪便+微生物菌剂+微喷式水肥一体化’水肥高效利用科学栽培模式研究”(2021NS08); 2023年度枣庄市科技创新智库课题研究一般项目“台儿庄长茄特色产业高质量发展研究”(ZZKC2023017)

Effect of Animal Manure on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Overwintering Eggplant

ZHAO Shihua1(), YANG Ning2(), HAO Ranran1, HAN Qing1, ZHAO Huixia3, CHU Yanshi4, SUN Weixiang2, ZHAO Zuosheng5, LONG Qiyuan6, LONG Qijian7   

  1. 1 Zaozhuang Tai'erzhuang District Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Zaozhuang Shandong 277400
    2 Zaozhuang Agricultural Machinery Technology Extension Center, Zaozhuang Shandong 277800
    3 Zaozhuang Tai'erzhuang District Rural Renewal Service Centre, Zaozhuang Shandong 277400
    4 Zaozhuang Xuecheng District Rural Revitalization Service Center, Xuecheng Shandong 277000
    5 Pizhuang Town Agricultural Integrated Service Center of Tai’erzhuang District, Zaozhuang Shandong 277400
    6 Malantun Town Agricultural Integrated Services Centre of Tai’erzhuang District, Zaozhuang Shandong 277400
    7 Longfu Family Farm, Tai’erzhuang District, Zaozhuang Shandong 277400
  • Received:2024-01-24 Revised:2024-08-08 Online:2025-08-18 Published:2025-08-18

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摘要： 本研究旨在摸索出适合台儿庄区砂姜黑土种植茄子的畜禽粪便施用模式，以促进茄子绿色、高质、高效生产。以当地砂姜黑土上种植的越冬茬茄子为对象，设计3种不同施肥处理：纯猪粪（0:2）、猪粪与稻壳鸡粪等比例混合（1:1）以及纯稻壳鸡粪（2:0）。对茄子植株茎粗、根系生长和产量等关键指标进行评估。结果表明，施用纯稻壳鸡粪茄子的茎粗、根系生长和产量表现最好，植株主枝粗度、根系鲜重、根毛总数和产量分别为1.92 cm、63.44 g、130条和392985 kg/hm2；猪粪、稻壳鸡粪等比例施用表现居中，植株主枝粗度、根系鲜重、根毛总数和产量分别为1.90 cm、61.56 g、125条和335670 kg/hm2；表现最差的是施用纯猪粪，植株主枝粗度、根系鲜重、根毛总数和产量分别为1.72 cm、42.10 g、86条和331410 kg/hm2。对于通体质地粘重、结构不良的砂姜黑土，施用稻壳鸡粪可适当疏松土壤，改善越冬茬茄子根系土壤水肥气热状况，提供越冬茬茄子根系生长的优良环境，从而促进茄子植株的粗壮和产量的提升。

关键词: 砂姜黑土, 越冬茬茄子, 猪粪, 稻壳鸡粪, 根系, 产量, 施肥模式

Abstract:

The paper aims to find out a scientific application model of livestock and poultry manure which is more suitable for growing over-wintering eggplant on lime concretion black soil in Tai’erzhuang District, and to realize the green, high-quality and efficient development of eggplant. The over-wintering eggplant planted on lime concretion black soil was taken as the experimental research object, the effects of pig manure and pure rice husk and chicken manure (0:2, 1:1, 2:0) on plant diameter, root system and yield of eggplant were compared. The results showed that the plant coarseness, root system and yield of eggplant treated with pure rice husk and chicken manure were the best, the diameter of main branch, fresh weight of root system, total number of root hairs and yield were 1.92 cm, 63.44 g, 130 bars and 392985 kg/hm2, respectively; the application performance of pig manure, rice husk chicken manure and other proportions was moderate, the main branch diameter, root fresh weight, total root hair and yield were 1.90 cm, 61.56 g, 125 bars and 335670 kg/hm2, respectively; the worst performing one was the application of pure pig manure, the main branch diameter, root fresh weight, total root hair and yield were 1.72 cm, 42.10 g, 86 bars and 331410 kg/hm2, respectively. For the lime concretion black soil with heavy texture and bad structure, the application of rice shell and chicken manure could loosen the soil appropriately, improve the water, fertilizer, air and heat condition of eggplant root system, and provide a good environment for the growth of eggplant root system in overwintering stubble, thus make the eggplant plant become stout and the yield promotion.

Key words: lime concretion black soil, over-wintering eggplant, pig manure, rice husk and chicken manure, root system, yield, fertilization regime