Abstract:

Microorganisms are closely related to the growth and development of medicinal plants. To understand the structural differences between the fungal communities of 3-year-old Polygonatum kingianum rhizosphere and bulk soil, Polygonatum kingianum rhizosphere soil (X) and bulk soil (CK) were collected and their fungal communities were analyzed for diversity based on ITS rDNA. The results showed that the top 3 fungi in the rhizosphere soil and bulk soil were Basidiomycota (CK 45.35%, X 34.48%), Ascomycota (CK 25.55%, X 36.35%) and Rozellomycota (CK 25.88%, X 23.34%), respectively. There was no significant difference between treatments Ace and Chao1 in the diversity analysis, but X 0.91 was significantly (P=0.037) higher than CK 0.86 in Simpson. Unweighted Unifrac principal coordinates analysis showed that PCoA1 (31.43% of explanation) separated CK and X treatments, which differed significantly less similar (R²=0.544, P=0.008). Analysis of variance showed that only Mortierellomycota was significantly different (P=0.006), X (4.78%) was significantly higher than that of CK (1.13%). LefSe analysis showed that Mortierellomycota was significantly enriched in the inter-root soil and was the main microorganism responsible for significant differences between treatments. Soil EC, effective N, effective P, etc. and Basidiomycota and Mortierellomycota in the samples were significantly associated (P≤0.05). Among them, the differential fungus Mortierellomycota was significantly positively associated with organic matter and significantly negatively associated with effective N, P, pH and EC values. Planting Dianthus caryophyllus significantly changed the fungal community structure in the soil and promoted significant enrichment of probiotic bacteria such as Mortierellomycota. The results of the study lay the foundation for the screening and excavation of beneficial microorganisms and biotrophic bacteria of Polygonatum kingianum, and provide technical support for the control of soil-borne diseases of Polygonatum kingianum through the regulation of rhizosphere microorganisms, and also provide new ideas for microbial breeding and cultivation of other medicinal plants.

Key words: Polygonatum kingianum, fungal community, diversity, rhizosphere soil, ITS rDNA