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  Research Status and Trend of Maize Planting Density and Yield LI Jiahang, WANG Shaoxin, XU Luo, LI Zhongjian, WANG Baobao, FENG Jianying Journal of Agriculture    2023, 13 (11): 1-11.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2022-0157 Abstract + (354)    HTML (20)    PDF (3278KB) (222)       Knowledge map    To have a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the current situation and development trend of researches on maize planting density and yield at home and abroad, 5150 pieces of literature on maize planting density and yield collected from the CNKI database and Web of Science Core Collection database from 2000 to 2022 were taken as samples for visual analysis based on CiteSpace software. The results showed that the United States ranked first in the total research volume in this field, followed by China, far beyond other countries. In recent years, China had overtaken the United States in the number of research papers in this field, and kept more than 100 articles published every year. Agronomy Journal had the largest number of publications, with a total of 230 papers, and had the largest influence in academic circles. Chinese scholar Liu Peng published the most papers, made the greatest contribution to the research progress in this field, and cooperated closely with other authors. The research institutions were mainly universities, mostly in northern China, and the cooperation among regional institutions needed to be strengthened. In this field, special corn such as fresh food and silage corn, water and nitrogen utilization efficiency, sustainable agriculture, mechanized management, soil properties, yield loss, mathematical model, straw utilization, and so on are the hot research issues in recent years.

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  Allelopathic Effects of Water Extracts from Millet on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Giant Foxtail ZHAO Na, LI Guoyu, LI Guoqing, CONG Xinjun Journal of Agriculture    2024, 14 (4): 1-6.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0078 Abstract + (276)    HTML (8)    PDF (1290KB) (48)       Knowledge map    In order to explore the allelopathy between millet and giant foxtail growth, the effects of different concentrations of water extracts on foxtail millet seed germination and seedling growth were studied by using‘Jinxuan 6’and ‘Setaria viridis’ as experimental materials. The results showed that different concentrations of water extracts have‘low promotion and high inhibition’on seed germination and seedling growth. Compared with the control, the emergence rate was decreased by 13.888%, and the allelopathic index was -0.139 under the treatment of original solution. The comprehensive indexes of root length, bud length, fresh weight and dry weight were -0.070 and -0.034 under the treatment of original solution and 10 times diluted solution, which showed allelopathic inhibition, meanwhile the total length, leaf area, chlorophyll content and SOD of plant were lower than those of the control. The emergence rate was increased by 33.333% and 11.117% under the treatment of 50 and 100 times diluted solution, and the comprehensive indexes of root length, bud length, fresh weight and dry weight were 0.275 and 0.153, which showed allelopathic promotion. Among them, the 50 times diluted solution had the strongest promotion, the total length, leaf area, chlorophyll content and SOD of plant were significantly different from the control. The millet field is often accompanied by a large number of giant foxtail, the results will provide a theoretical basis for removing the giant foxtail at the seedling stage.

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  Preliminary Screening of Soybean Varieties Suitable for Intercropping with Corn in Zibo LIU Weixia, LU Duxu, LU Zhenyu, ZHANG Chao, ZHAI Jiqing, ZHAI Naijia, WANG Guangming Journal of Agriculture    2024, 14 (4): 7-13.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0073 Abstract + (273)    HTML (11)    PDF (1344KB) (57)       Knowledge map    The aim is to promote the healthy and stable development of the corn industry, adjust and optimize the corn planting structure, enrich diversified planting patterns in Zibo City, and achieve the purpose of green, high-quality and efficient production. This study analyzed the comprehensive performance of intercropping between the same corn variety and different soybean varieties, and selected suitable soybean varieties for local intercropping cultivation preliminarily. The results showed that under the same meteorological environment, the incidence of northern leaf blight and smut of maize in intercropping mode was mild, and there was little difference in other characters. The growth period of early maturing and shade tolerant soybean varieties such as ‘Hedou 23’, ‘Hedou 12’, and ‘Qihuang 34’ was 1-3 days shorter than other varieties. They had strong resistance to Riptortuspedestris, moderate and stable main stem height, node number, and bottom pod height. The grain weight per plant was 0.53-1.72 g higher than other varieties, and the yield was 88.81-214.59 kg/hm2 higher than other varieties. Overall, varieties such as ‘Hedou 23’, ‘Hedou 12’, and ‘Qihuang 34’ were suitable for intercropping of corn and soybean in Zibo region.

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  Research Progress of Breeding Model, Method and Regionalization of Konjac Seed Taro CAI Yangguang, DUAN Longfei, QIN Jianfeng, GUO Bangli, CHEN Guo’ai, ZHANG Bairen Journal of Agriculture    2023, 13 (10): 1-7.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2022-0147 Abstract + (243)    HTML (11)    PDF (1327KB) (160)       Knowledge map    This paper summarizes the main breeding models, methods and regionalization of konjac seed taro in China, including breeding models of field, understory, facility and courtyard breeding, breeding methods of using rhizomes or corms, cuttings, plant tissue culture and seed breeding, and 4 main regions and 6 sub-regions of Konjac seed breeding. Based on the review, the paper proposes suggestions including reasonable layout of konjac varieties under different climate conditions, innovative development of economic forest, fruit forest and breeding facilities suitable for interplanting konjac; integrates mountain konjac cultivation techniques to prevent drought and waterlogging, biological diversity and multi-dimensional interplanting technology for weed prevention and control, and konjac - soybean - corn strip interplanting technology. The above results improve and innovate the breeding mode and method of konjac seed taro, and expand the suitable planting area of konjac, in order to promote the development of konjac industry in the mountainous area of southwest China.

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  The Current Situation and Challenge of Agricultural Science Popularization in China LI Yinqiu, GUAN Sijia, YANG Jinjin, MA Yixing Journal of Agriculture    2023, 13 (11): 88-94.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0024 Abstract + (190)    HTML (8)    PDF (1155KB) (428)       Knowledge map    Agricultural science popularization is not only an important bridge to realize the effective transformation of agricultural science and technology achievements, but also the key to realize the improvement of national agricultural scientific literacy. The purpose of this study is to explore the modernization development path of agricultural science popularization for different social groups in China, in order to provide feasible suggestions for the development of agricultural science popularization to meet multiple demands at the present stage. Based on the statistical data of China's science popularization in 2021, this paper analyzes the current status and problems of China's agricultural science popularization through horizontal and vertical comparison of science popularization data from the perspectives of talent team, communication channels, bases and funds. Generally, the development of agricultural science popularization in China is in a good direction on the whole. The teams, channels and bases have been greatly developed, but there are still deficiencies in the supply of science popularization content, interest, special facilities and the participation of multiple subjects. Therefore, to promote the development of agricultural science popularization in China, it is necessary to fully optimize the allocation of existing resources, improve the application of new media, and realize the multiple inputs of market entities and multi-party participation of agricultural science popularization talents.

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  Research Status of Resource Treatment of Fruit Trees Discarded Branches LI Jinghua, SUN Yidan, LIANG Jiayi, LI Meifang Journal of Agriculture    2023, 13 (10): 31-36.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2022-0138 Abstract + (175)    HTML (6)    PDF (1190KB) (208)       Knowledge map    With the continuous expansion of orchard planting area in China, the amount of discarded branches of fruit trees is increasing. Discarded branches of fruit trees are rich in minerals and are valuable biological resources, but current improper use of them has caused the waste of resources. This study reviews the utilization and treatment status of fruit tree branches, summarizes the existing problems in the resource treatment of discarded branches of fruit trees, and puts forward suggestions on the problems.The study could provide reference for the in-depth exploration and promotion and application ofdiscarded branch treatment of fruit trees in the future.

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  Effects of Sowing Date, Density and Nitrogen Application on Yield and Component Factors of Dry Cultivation of Hybrid Rice LI Yanlan, YANG Jincheng, LI Hongyang, SHEN Xianghong, ZHANG Zhong, LI Xiang, ZHU Zifen, LI Zaofu, LI Hongyun, LIU Jianjian, HU Xinzhou, SHI Lanfen, DENG Zheng Journal of Agriculture    2023, 13 (12): 1-7.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0026 Abstract + (172)    HTML (5)    PDF (1330KB) (74)       Knowledge map    To screen the best dry land cultivation method of hybrid rice, a three factors and three levels orthogonal experiment was conducted to study the effects of sowing date, density, and nitrogen fertilizer application on the yield of transplanting hybrid rice with plastic film mulching after dry seedling cultivation, as well as the correlation analysis between main traits and yield. The results showed that as the sowing date was postponed from March 30th to April 20th, the total growth period of hybrid rice was shortened from 155 days to 148 days; there was a positive correlation between ear length, grain number per ear, actual grain number, seed setting rate, thousand grain weight, and yield, the correlation degree was as followed: seed setting rate>full grain number>ear length>grain number per ear>1000-grain weight; the direct path positive effects of main traits on yield was as followed: ear length>seed setting rate>effective ears>1000-grain weight>ear rate, while the negative effect of direct path was as followed: plant height>grain number per ear. Dry cultivation of hybrid rice could increase yield by increasing seed setting rate and panicle length, while controlling plant height. The order of influence of experimental factors on yield was as followed: sowing date>nitrogen application rate>density. The optimal high-yield cultivation combination for hybrid rice transplanted with film mulching in dry cultivation was: sowing on March 30th, 900000 basic seedlings per hectare, and tillering fertilizer of pure N 90 kg.

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  Research on Rural Human Settlements at Home and Abroad Based on CiteSpace: A Review LI Jiaying, WANG Yanwei, ZHENG Shanfeng, LI Xin, HUANG Yi Journal of Agriculture    2024, 14 (2): 83-93.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0045 Abstract + (170)    HTML (6)    PDF (3017KB) (148)       Knowledge map    In order to understand current status and hot issues of rural habitat environment at home and abroad, using CiteSpace literature analysis software, an analysis of those research literatures about rural habitat environment selected from 2002 to 2022 China Knowledge Network (CNKI) and Web of Science core collection database was carried out, and a knowledge map of rural habitat environment research at home and abroad was drawn. The results show that: (1) the number of publications abroad is more than that in China, and the research theories are richer; the cooperation network of research between authors abroad is closer than that in China, indicating more interdisciplinary exchanges; the main publishing institutions at home and abroad are concentrated in universities; the US and China are the main publishing countries. (2) The domestic researches mainly focus on the hard and soft environment of rural areas, including those topics around "rural revitalization", "new rural areas", "rural governance" and "rural development". While the researches abroad focus on the impact of rural habitat on villagers, the topics are mainly around "climate change", "mental health", "physical activity" and "infectious diseases". In the future, the combination of theory and practice in rural habitat research should be further strengthened, and both qualitative and quantitative research methods should be emphasized. Moreover, the depth and breadth of rural habitat research will be expanded based on a multidisciplinary perspective.

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  The Strigolactones Inhibitory Factor D53/SMXLs: A Review WANG Xueling, WANG Ruyue, LI Jihong, WANG Jinnan, WANG Dongyue, NIU Muge, SUN Maotong Journal of Agriculture    2023, 13 (10): 37-43.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2022-0070 Abstract + (169)    HTML (8)    PDF (1440KB) (181)       Knowledge map    Strigolactones (SLs) is a new type of plant hormone, which is involved in regulating plant branching, reproductive development, leaf senescence and other biological processes. D53/SMXLs is an inhibitor of monolactone signal transduction pathway, and plays an important role in monolactone signal transduction. The previous studies about strigolactones inhibitory factor D53/SMXLs at home and abroad were reviewed. The discovery, structure, signal transduction mechanism, molecular biological functions and other functions of D53/SMXLs were summarized. At last, it was pointed out that the three aspects of strigolactones signal transduction pathway should be further improved and studied.

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  Research on the Rural Revitalization Pathof Homestay Operation Based on Symbiosis WEI Simeng, LIAO Dongsheng Journal of Agriculture    2023, 13 (11): 95-100.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0060 Abstract + (167)    HTML (7)    PDF (1625KB) (143)       Knowledge map    Under the background of promoting rural revitalization, according to the existing problems in the development of homestay, the research introduced the solution of cultural tourism industry operator - Living in Seclusion. Based on the symbiotic relationship, this paper refined the operation model with village collective cooperation, introducing investorsto realize value co-creation. Through the participation and cooperation of multiple subjects, the employment, income increase and the development of rural tourism of local villagers can be promoted, and the protection and publicity of rural culture will be realized. The comprehensive development of local agriculture, culture and tourism through the operation of homestay has laid a solid foundation for the deep integration of agriculture, culture and tourism industry, and provides theoretical basis and practical reference for rural revitalization.

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  Research Progress of Breeding and Spawn Propagation of Auricularia cornea YE Lei, LI Xiaolin, ZHANG Bo, YANG Xuezhen, TAN Wei, ZHANG Xiaoping Journal of Agriculture    2023, 13 (10): 13-22.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2022-0130 Abstract + (166)    HTML (9)    PDF (1475KB) (92)       Knowledge map    The research methods and recent progress of domestication breeding (systematic breeding), crossbreeding including single-single hybridization, single-double hybridization, multi-spore hybridization (self-crossing) and protoplast fusion breeding, mutation breeding and molecular breeding technologies of Auricularia cornea in China were summarized. Some newly bred cultivars and their characteristics were introduced, and the research methods for the propagation of A. cornea in solid and liquid strains were summed up. Molecular marker-assisted breeding, genome editing, genomic selection and other molecular breeding methods are proposed for future crossbreeding of A. cornea in China. The high-efficiency breeding technology will be rapidly applied, the commercial breeding of A. cornea will be actively promoted, and the ‘breeding- propagation- promotion’ system will be gradually improved.

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  The Application of Fermented Chinese Herbal Medicine in Animal Production During the Post-Antibiotic Era YIN Hong, ZHANG Hongyan, ZHANG Qiang, HAN Shanshan Journal of Agriculture    2023, 13 (11): 67-72.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2022-0170 Abstract + (161)    HTML (4)    PDF (1013KB) (113)       Knowledge map    As a feed additive, fermented Chinese herbal medicine has the advantages of enhancing immunity, preventing disease, and having no antibiotic resistance. Especially in the cases of feed prohibition of antibiotics, fermented Chinese herbal medicine has broad prospects as a feed additive. After fermentation, the Chinese herbal liquid and residue provide a dual health benefit by preserving the traditional efficacy of Chinese medicine and containing beneficial probiotics that animals can easily absorb and use. The use of fermented Chinese herbal medicine can not only expand the utilization of Chinese herbal resources, but also help improve the breeding environment, promote the healthy growth of animals, reduce occurrence of disease incidence, and save the breeding costs. In the post-antibiotic era, using plant extract nutrition to intervene in livestock and poultry breeding, prevent disease and realize animal’s health is one of the most effective ways to replace and prohibit antibiotics. In this regard, the functional feed additives made from traditional Chinese herbal medicine are in line with the national green development concept by improving the body immunity from inside out and improving the production performance of farming animals. This article reviews the current application status of fermented Chinese herbal medicine as a feed additive in livestock and poultry farming, providing a reference for further research on the application of fermented Chinese herbal medicine in animal husbandry.

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  A Comparative Study on New Combination Traits in Different Maize Varieties XIAO Guozhong, SHI Xiaojiang, ZHAO Zhijian, ZHANG Qiong, XIAO Feng, LIU Yan, PANG Zhaoliang, PENG Chun, YANG Xiaoming, XU Cheng, WANG Hengzhen, ZENG Jianqiang, ZHANG Jianbo, JIANG Yongjun, TANG Lingling, QIN Wei Journal of Agriculture    2023, 13 (11): 12-16.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0135 Abstract + (158)    HTML (7)    PDF (1128KB) (65)       Knowledge map    In order to screen out the maize varieties suitable for production, demonstration and promotion in Hunan area, the growth period, field resistance and yield traits of five varieties, including ‘Xiangnong Yu No. 36’, ‘Xiangnong Yu No. 40’, ‘Xiangnong Yu No. 42’, ‘Xiangnong Yu Liangyou No. 1’ and ‘Xiangnong Yu Liangyou No. 2’, were investigated and analyzed in this experiment. The optimal varieties were screened out, which laid the foundation for the next regional experiment. Through the correlation analysis of agronomic traits and yield, significant factors affecting yield were obtained. The test results showed that the growth period of all varieties was between 107-110 d. The incidence of diseases and pests in ‘Xiangnongyu No. 36’ was low, with no obvious lodging. The yield was 9.9 t/hm2, and 51% higher than that of the control variety, which was the highest among the tested varieties. It was considered as the optimal variety after comprehensive analysis, which could be used for the next regional test. In the correlation analysis between agronomic traits and yield, the factors affecting yield were sorted from strong to weak: panicle length> 100-grain weight> high-panicle position, among which panicle length was extremely positively correlated with yield, 100-grain weight was significantly positively correlated with yield, and panicle row number had a weak negative correlation with yield. Therefore, in the process of breeding new maize varieties, varieties with long panicle length, high 100-grain weight and low panicle row number should be comprehensively selected.

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  Research on Green Prevention and Control Technology of Tobacco Root-Knot Nematode Disease GUO Shanhu, ZHANG Jintao, ZHANG Zhihong, XIAO Yongfei, DENG Zhixiong, HE Zhiming, XU Sai, ZHU Yongli, XIANG Rongrong Journal of Agriculture    2023, 13 (11): 29-34.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2022-0175 Abstract + (155)    HTML (3)    PDF (1234KB) (62)       Knowledge map    To explore the technology of green control of tobacco root knot nematode, in areas where root-knot nematode disease is frequent, chemical pesticides, biological pesticides and functional microbial agents are used to carry out comprehensive control research on tobacco root-knot nematode disease. After comparative analysis, the prevention and control measures with obvious disease prevention effect were screened. The rational application of bio-organic fertilizer, chemical pesticide, biopesticide and biofungicide can promote the growth of tobacco plants, improve the economic characteristics of tobacco and improve the quality of tobacco leaves. Different treatments had a certain effect on the control of root-knot nematodes, and the prevention and control effect of “Bio-organic fertilizer+Thiazolphosphine content 10%+Biocontrol agent No. 6” was the best, and the prevention and control effect was 96.96%. The prevention and control effects of the two modes of “Bio-organic fertilizer+Purpureocillium lilacinum+Biocontrol agent No. 6” and “Bio-organic fertilizer+Thiazolphosphine content 10%” were similar, which were 85.43% and 84.11% respectively. Compared with other three treatments, the prevention and control effect of “Bio-organic fertilizer+Purpureocillium lilacinum” was poor,which was only 72.85%. The fertilization mode of “Bio-organic fertilizer+Thiazolphosphine content 10%+Biocontrol agent No. 6” can effectively improve the quality of tobacco leaves, and has the best effect on the prevention and control of tobacco root knot nematode disease.

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  Analysis of Persistent High Temperature and Drought in Summer of 2022 and Its Impacts on Crops in Guanzhong of Shaanxi Province QIAO Danyang, GAO Meng, LU Ye, WANG Jinting, WANG Jin, LIU Fan Journal of Agriculture    2023, 13 (12): 60-67.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0020 Abstract + (153)    HTML (7)    PDF (2177KB) (264)       Knowledge map    Persistent high temperature and drought occurred in Guanzhong of Shaanxi Province in summer of 2022, causing serious impacts on the growth and development of crops such as maize, apple and kiwifruit. To study the mechanisms of the occurrence of heat and drought, observations from 46 automatic meteorological stations in Guanzhong area, and ERA-5 hourly and monthly mean reanalysis data were used to study the characteristics and causes of atmospheric circulation during the main high temperature periods. The results showed that (1) the main high temperature periods were mid-late June and early-mid August, with moderate to severe drought in most parts of Guanzhong. (2) Both high-temperature periods were characterised by strong sinking currents, but the causes were different. In June, strong sinking movements were maintained by anomalous pre-ridge negative vorticity advective, while in August, the superposition of the subtropical high and South Asian high caused the positive climate state anomalies and strong sinking movements over Shaanxi. (3) The strong northwesterly airflow in June and the abnormally westerly and strong subtropical high in August weakened the southerly airflow and blocked the source of water vapour, both showing positive anomalies of water vapour flux dispersion, which were not conducive to the occurrence of precipitation. (4) High temperatures and drought had an impact on the yield and quality of food and cash crops. It was recommended that effective measures should be taken before high temperatures to lower field temperatures, replenish plant water, enhance plant transpiration and reduce the degree of crop heat stress.

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  Diversity and Color Regulation of Carotenoids Composition in Ornamental Plants LI Xi, YUE Zhiqiang Journal of Agriculture    2023, 13 (11): 60-66.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0117 Abstract + (150)    HTML (6)    PDF (1174KB) (89)       Knowledge map    In this review, we listed the types, structures and colors of common carotenoids in nature, and focused on the ornamental plants with carotenoids as the main pigment components. The differences in composition and content of carotenoids in petals of different ornamental plant species and different color varieties were illustrated with examples, and the relationship between flower color and carotenoid components were discussed. Moreover, the effect of genes expression level related to carotenoid biosynthesis pathway on flower color were analyzed, and the cases that changing flower color by regulating the synthesis and degradation of carotenoids through genetic engineering were reviewed. Overall, we provided ideas of regulating carotenoid components and contents to accurately and directionally change plant flower colors to obtain new flower varieties with high ornamental value.

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  Cotton Seed Priming: A Review FENG Chengling, ZHOU Yongping, TIAN Haiyan, LIU Xu, ZHANG Haina Journal of Agriculture    2023, 13 (11): 17-22.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2022-0158 Abstract + (147)    HTML (3)    PDF (1412KB) (86)       Knowledge map    Seed priming is an important method to promote seed germination, seedling growth, and stress resistance of cotton. This paper summarized the application effect of seed priming on the improvement of drought tolerance, cold tolerance, salt tolerance, and disease tolerance of cotton and the promotion of yield in recent years. And the action mechanisms of different priming technologies to cotton were concluded from the aspects of cotton form, physiology, and molecule. Finally, the development of cotton seed priming was discussed and prospected.

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  Organic Carbon and Acidity and Alkalinity of Orchard Soils in Typical Geomorphic Areas of Zhejiang and Countermeasures for Improving Soil Quality WANG Jingwen, CHEN Zhiliang, XIE Guoxiong Journal of Agriculture    2023, 13 (10): 8-12.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190800168 Abstract + (146)    HTML (3)    PDF (1135KB) (147)       Knowledge map    To understand the quality status of orchard soils in typical regions of Zhejiang Province, 148 representative orchards were selected from four geomorphic areas of hilly, valley, water-network and coastal plains of Zhejiang, and the status and variation regularity of soil organic carbon and acidity and alkalinity in orchard soils in different geomorphic areas were evaluated. The results showed that the soil organic carbon and pH of orchards in Zhejiang ranged from 2.64-16.58 g/kg and pH 4.15-8.42, soil organic carbon content decreased in the order of water-network plain (11.81 g/kg) > valley plain (10.24 g/kg) > hilly area (8.04 g/kg) > coastal plain (7.62 g/kg), while soil pH decreased in the order of coastal plain (6.90) > water-network plain (5.76) > valley plain (5.83) > hilly area (5.14). The soil acidification of the orchards was obvious. The soil pH decreased with planting years in valley plain, water-network plain and coastal plain, while soil organic carbon in hilly and coastal plain increased. It is suggested that attention should be paid to the input of organic materials in orchards in hilly and coastal plain areas, and lime application should be strengthened for regulating soil acidity in orchards of hilly areas.

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  Effects of Sowing Dates and Foliar-applied Fertilizers on Grain Yield and Mineral Concentrations of Different Maize Varieties YAN Wei, LI Xiaojing, JIANG Yuwei, HUANG Meng, LIU Bo, ZHANG Chunyan, CUI Zhenling, XUE Yanfang Journal of Agriculture    2024, 14 (1): 1-9.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0017 Abstract + (145)    HTML (9)    PDF (1613KB) (102)       Knowledge map    To investigate the effects of sowing date and foliar-applied fertilizers on grain yield and mineral concentrations of the two maize varieties, field experiment was conducted in Linyi City, Shandong Province from May to October in 2019. A three-factor split plot experimental design was adopted, the main plots consisted of five maize sowing dates (May 31, June 6, June 13, June 21 and June 28, marked as B1-B5), and the sub-plots consisted of two maize varieties including ‘Denghai 605’ and ‘Zhengdan 309’. The slit-split plots consisted of five foliar-applied fertilizers, including deionized water (Water), calcium chloride (Ca), zinc sulfate (Zn), glutamine (N) and mixed solution of glutamine and zinc sulfate (N+Zn). Samples were collected at maturity. The results showed that both ‘Denghai605’ and ‘Zhengdan309’ had the highest grain yield at B3 date (June 13), and the average maximum yield was 11.9 and 10.9 t/hm2, respectively, mainly due to the higher number of grains per ear at this sowing date. The result indicated that B3 was the best sowing stage in this region, and both early and late sowing dates decreased the grain yield of the two maize varieties. For ‘Denghai605’, foliar spraying with N solution could slightly increase grain yield under early sowing conditions (e.g. B1 and B2), while foliar spraying with Ca, Zn, N and N+Zn solutions could increase grain yield under late sowing conditions (e.g. B4 and B5). Among them, foliar spraying of N + Zn solution had the best yield increase effect, and the grain yield under B4 and B5 sowing dates increased by 45.5 % and 16.0 %, respectively, compared with the control. For ‘Zhengdan309’, foliar spraying of N solution or Zn solution could improve the grain yield at B4 and foliar spraying of Ca solution could also improve the grain yield at B5. In addition, foliar applications of Zn solution alone or the mixture of N+Zn solution could significantly increase grain Zn concentration of the two maize varieties sown at B2 and B3 dates. Furthermore, foliar application of Zn solution could also significantly increase the concentrations of Fe, Mn, Cu, N and Mg in grain of ‘Zhengdan309’ sown at B2 and B3. The results provided theoretical basis for realizing high yield and quality cultivation of maize and improving fertilizer utilization efficiency.

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  Effect of Seed Dressing and Spraying with Iron Chlorin on Peanut Growth and Yield ZHANG Xinfeng, ZHANG Guo, YU Julong, SHU Zhaolin Journal of Agriculture    2023, 13 (11): 35-42.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0006 Abstract + (142)    HTML (2)    PDF (1331KB) (290)       Knowledge map    To clearly define the dosage and investigate the effect of seed dressing and spray with iron chlorin on the growth and yield of peanut, seed dressing with different concentrations of iron chlorin and spray treatment at different growth stages were used in this research. The results show that both seed dressing and spray of iron chlorin would promote peanut growth and branching, increase the number of corner fruit per plant and kernel weight, and increase peanut yields by 12.38%-14.29% with seed treatment method and 33.33%-55.87% with spray method. From the perspective of economy, the appropriate amount of seed treatment is 0.02% chlorin SP 0.20-1.00 g per kg peanut, and the appropriate concentration of spray is 0.02% chlorin SP 1000 to 5000 times.