Current issue

• 2013 Vol.3 No.3 Published:20 March 2013

  Effect of Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer on Plant Growth and Yield of Cold Rice 2013, 3 (3):  1-3.  Abstract + ( 1102 )   PDF ( 992KB )   ( 1247 ) For the purpose of application of controlled release nitrogen best dosage, set five treatments, researched on rice controlled release nitrogen cold rice plant growth and yield influence. The results showed that, the growth of controlled release nitrogen treatment improved the rice plant height, tiller number, and T4 treatment (controlled release nitrogen 90%) applied to common urea application. Promote the dry matter accumulation, mature controlled release nitrogen treatment dry matter accumulation and T2 treatment compared with increased by 4.82%-10.78%, compared with T1 treatment increased by 12.45%-18.41%. Controlled release nitrogen treatment yield higher than conventional fertilization treatment, and T4 treatment, the highest yield reached 7944.44 kg/hm2, compared with T2 treatment increased by 7.3%, compared with the T1 treatment increased by 19.0%, the differences were significant. Therefore, from production and agronomic characters analysis, controlled release urea 90% processing is an ideal choice fertilizer use.

  Cloning and Expression Analysis of Ran Gene in Sweet Potato 2013, 3 (3):  4-9.  Abstract + ( 1154 )   PDF ( 2946KB )   ( 1213 ) Ran protein is a member of small GTP-binding protein family controlling the transport of protein and RNA, some of them are found to be responsive to different environmental stresses. In order to obtain Ran gene in sweet potato, according to the spliced EST sequences, a pair of specific primer was designed, and Ran gene from peanut (IbRan) was amplified successfully by RT-PCR. After T-A cloning, sequencing result indicated that the cloned cDNA contained a continuous complete open reading frame (ORF) of 666 bp encoding a polypeptide of 221 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 25.15 kDa. Sequence comparison of the IbRan showed very high homology to the Ran subfamily from other species, with over 90% homology.Transcription of IbRan gene was differentially regulated by different environmental stimuli such as cold, PEG, NaCl and the plant hormone ABA using real-time PCR. This gene can be used to regulate stresses resistance of sweet potato by genetic engineering.

  Study on Chemical Control and Optimum Control Period to Soft Rot of Cymbidium 2013, 3 (3):  10-12.  Abstract + ( 1111 )   PDF ( 1030KB )   ( 1319 ) In order to find a new potion and efficient environmental protection against soft rot of Cymbidium, pharmaceutical screening test method to adopt irrigating and spray of Cymbidium soft rot, also conducted a study of the control period. The study results showed: neomycin prevention was better than the other control chemicals. The best control effect before irrigating change a basin. The prevention effect of 10 d and 20 d control effect of 92.1% and 88.6%, the 30 d control effect of 87.1%. Significant differences with other processing compared, Showing neomycin good application prospects in the agriculture, laid a certain foundation developed into a new type of agricultural antibiotic neomycin.

  Acaricidal Activity of Radix Stemonae Extracts against Tetranychus cinnabarinus 2013, 3 (3):  13-17.  Abstract + ( 1202 )   PDF ( 1116KB )   ( 1499 ) Abstract: [Aim] The aim of this study is to determine the acaricidal mechanism of fraction 9 of radix stemonae extracts against T. cinnabarinus. [Method] The glass slide-dipping method was used to determine acaricidal activity of the fraction 9 of radix stemonae extracts against T. cinnabarinus. The effects of the fraction 9 of radix stemonae extracts on four important enzyme activities including AChE, Ca2+-ATPase, SOD and MAO were determined by biochemistry method. [Result] Our studies showed that the fraction 9 of radix stemonae extracts had high toxicity to T. cinnabarinus with a LC50 value of 0.6339 mg?mL-1. After exposure to fraction 9 of radix stemonae extracts, the activity of SOD was activated, while the activities of AChE, Ca2+-ATPase, and MAO in T.cinnabarinus were inhibited at different degrees. The main enzyme activities of the mites were changed by fraction 9 of radix stemonae extracts, which may kill the mites. [Conclusion] The results showed that radix stemonae extracts had high acaricidal activities to T. cinnabarinus, and radix stemonae can be a novel resource of botanical acaricides.

  Effects of soil matrix and soil moistures on growth of Hepialus Larvae 2013, 3 (3):  18-21.  Abstract + ( 1157 )   PDF ( 1048KB )   ( 1579 ) objective: We study the effects of soil matrix and soil moisture on growth of Hepialus larvae for perfect artificial breeding Hepialus larvae technology provides the reference. Methods: The experiment used different soil matrix and different soil moisture feeding larvae respectively, and then survey regularly head shell, length, weight,survival rate of the larvae. Results: The different soil matrix have a little influence on growth of larvae. The larvae’s growth and survival rate in the oil matrix contain humus is better than in the pure sand in the earlier stage. The different soil matrix have no significant influence to the larvae’s growth and survival rate in the middle period. there was no significant influence to the larvae’s growth ,but it was significant influence to the survival rate and the pure sand was the best in the later period; The soil moisture content has no significant influence to the larvae’s growth, but it is significant to the larvae’s survival rate and the optimal soil moisture content was 40%-60%.Conclusion: it is recommended that feeding Hepialus larvae can be considered humus soil and sand mixture to be the matrix in the prophase and interim, and use sand matrix to be the matrix in the later period, and control soil moisture content between 40% and 60%.

  Trapping Effects of Different Sex Pheromone Traps and Lures on Diamondback Moth, Plutella Xylotessa L. CHEN LINA 2013, 3 (3):  22-25.  Abstract + ( 1450 )   PDF ( 1073KB )   ( 1290 ) In order to find the best combination of sex pheromone traps and lures on Plutella xylotessa L., the trapping efficiency of 4 traps and 2 lures were compared. The results showed that, there were significant difference among 4 traps (P<0.05). The amount of insect trapped were in the order of ridge type trap> funnel type trap> triangle trap> dry cylinder trap, and the two former were much suitable for Plutella xylotessa L. control. The trapping effect of sex pheromone lures was affected by traps. The 2 lures were no significant difference in the ridge type traps(P<0.05), however, plastic capillary lure was significant better than rubber plug in other three traps(P>0.05). These data reveal that three treatments, ridge type trap comminuted with rubber plug or plastic capillary, and funnel type trap comminuted with rubber plug, were the best combination to control Plutella xylostella.

  Current Research Status and Prospect of Microbial Fertilizer in China 2013, 3 (3):  26-31.  Abstract + ( 2206 )   PDF ( 944KB )   ( 5748 ) The history of microbial fertilizer in China was reviewed in this article, and the main classification, efficacy, mechanism of action, application in different crops and the problems in the development of this industry were briefly described. Pointing out the microbial fertilizers can improve the environment and the fertility of soil, control the soil-born diseases, increase crop production and reduce the dosage of chemical fertilizers. And it’s the need of developing the "green agriculture" and "ecological agriculture". At present, it still has many problems like whole level is low, lacking of technological innovation, instable of effect and confusion of market management. Therefore, its needs to strengthen the basic research, improve the process, strengthen the supervision and management, increase the capital investment and collaborative innovation. These can promote the microbial fertilizer developing healthy and rapidly.

  The Patch Characteristics of Landscape Elements in Typical Damaged Catchment of Wenchuan Earthquake Affected Area: A Case Study in Subaohe Catchment of Beichuan 2013, 3 (3):  32-38.  Abstract + ( 1250 )   PDF ( 1733KB )   ( 1258 ) In order to promote the ecological restoration and the more reasonable designing of landscapes in Subaohe catchment, based on the technology of RS and GIS, the ecology principle of landscape was applied to the preliminary analysis of landscape pattern and fragmentation in Subaohe catchment from the angle of patch characteristics of landscape elements there. The results showed that: coniferous forest, broad-leaved forest, shrub, grass and farmland were five main components in Subaohe catchment. The total area and perimeter proportion of the five landscapes accounted for 84.51% and 73.98% of the total in the district, respectively. Of all the different kinds of landscapes, the order of the area was consistent with the perimeter order, while the distribution of the area and the perimeter elements were very uneven in each landscape especially in broad-leaved forest, road and channel. The fragmentation of the landscape which suffered from natural disasters or human disturbance was higher than that covered with vegetation. Different landscapes have different shape, as road and channel were irregular mostly while back scarp was close to square.

  Study on Invasive Plant Species 2013, 3 (3):  39-43.  Abstract + ( 1117 )   PDF ( 1212KB )   ( 1809 ) Biological invasion has received widespread attention as a serious problem to the whole world, In this paper its definition and traits were introduced however, invasive plant species which is the most common phenomenon accounted for the largest proportion of invasive species. The research on present situation, approach ,damage of invasive plant species and the community characteristics, Invasion mechanisms and control measures of invasive plant species in different regions has got some consequent, then the achievement on the study of Biological invasion in the whole world were integrated in order to explore the useful ways of controlling plant species invasion. Garden workers must realize the harmness of biological invasions when riching landscape and enhance awareness of preventting and controlling plant invasions.

  Study on Filial Generation of Cymbidium goeringii ‘Jinheding’ in in vitro Propagation 2013, 3 (3):  44-46.  Abstract + ( 1136 )   PDF ( 1034KB )   ( 1607 ) Taking ‘Jinheding’ and ‘Chihui’ as parents, rootstocks were used as materials for studying the multiplication of rootstocks. There were including choices of basic medium, the effects of 6-BA and NAA on the multiplication. The result showed that the growth state was affected evidently by medium. 1/2MS medium was the basic medium for rootstocks of Cymbidium goeringii. 1/2MS+ NAA 1 mg/L+6-BA 0.5 mg/L was the best medium for multiplication. proliferation rate was 3.00. Cross breeding technology combining with tissue culture was the effective way for the new species breeding of Cymbidium.

  Study on the Lagerstroemia indica Cultivars in Shaoyang City Ⅰ 2013, 3 (3):  47-53.  Abstract + ( 1222 )   PDF ( 5343KB )   ( 1289 ) The Lagerstroemia indica varieties were investigated in Shaoyang City. 100 L. indica varieties were found that belong to L. indica Amabilis Group, L. indica Rubra Group, L. indica Alba Group and L. indica Bicolor Group. The information of 69 L. indica varieties was collected in details which are newly found. Because of the limited length of a paper, the details were reported in three papers. 24 new varieties of L. indica Amabilis Group were reported in the paper.

  The Advance of Passiflora L. Seeds 2013, 3 (3):  54-59.  Abstract + ( 1348 )   PDF ( 1038KB )   ( 1554 ) Because the seed weight for the entire passion fruit be around 8%-15%, seeds contain much of protein and fat, and the research of Passion fruit’ seeds is mainly focused on the nutritional contents, edible value, vigor and so on at home and abroad. Therefore, the author gives an overview of the research about biological characteristics, nutritional components, edible value, breeding technology and vigor of Passion fruit’ seeds. It is the author's opinion that it may be profound significance of development and exploitation of Passiflora seeds, and the current related basic research and utilization about Passiflora seeds is insufficient, needs to be further studied.

  Study on the disinfection method for tissue culture of Zostera marina 2013, 3 (3):  54-56.  Abstract + ( 1234 )   In order to establish the suitable disinfection method for tissue culture of Zoster marina. 75% ethanol, 1.5% potassium iodide, 4% sodium hypochlorite and 10% hydrogen peroxide as well as different disinfection time were used for seeds and seedlings sterilization treatment. The results indicated that for seedlings, sterile sea water rinsed for 3-4 times, 75% ethanol sterilized for 20 s, then sterile sea water rinsed for 3-4 times, which achieved good sterilizing effects. The efficient disinfection method for seeds was that, 75% ethanol rinsed for 10 min, 1.5% potassium iodide immersed for 10 min and then sterile sea water rinsed for 3-4 times, which showed the optimal disinfection effects and did not affect seed germination rate.

  Comparison of Several Physiological Indicators on Leaves of Two Loquat Cultivars 2013, 3 (3):  60-63.  Abstract + ( 1148 )   PDF ( 1629KB )   ( 1401 ) The physiological indicators on leaves of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica ‘Zaozhong 6’ and ‘Donghuzao’) were compared, and the physiological rules of leaves were probed. The results showed that the contents of chlorophyll and carotenoids of loquat leaves on spring shoots in variety ‘Donghuzao’ were all significantly higher than in variety ‘Zaozhong 6’. However, there were no significant difference of leaves on summer, autumn and winter shoots between two loquat varieties. The activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase (CAT) and polyphenol oxidase(PPO) of loquat leaves on spring shoots in variety ‘Donghuzao’ were all significantly higher than in variety ‘Zaozhong 6’, while the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly lower. And there were no significant difference of leaves on summer, autumn and winter shoots between two loquat varieties. The laboratory experimental data had consistency with what we observed in the field that spring shoots in variety ‘Donghuzao’ grew stronger than the others.

  The Influence Between Leaf Morphology, Chlorophyll and Water Characteristics of Taxus chinensis var. mairei Saplings to Artificial Light Environment 2013, 3 (3):  64-66.  Abstract + ( 1150 )   PDF ( 1030KB )   ( 1447 ) In order to explore the use of artificial methods to reshape landscape type Taxus chinensis var. mairei. The leaf morphology, chlorophyll and water characteristics of landscape type Taxus chinensis var. mairei under different artificial light environment were studied in Mingxi, Fujian. The author analyzed and compared leaf morphology, chlorophyll and water characteristics. The results showed that: the leaf morphology, chlorophyll and water characteristics were modified plastically in response to different artificial light conditions. The full sunlight condition than the long-term shade condition significantly increased leaf length, leaf width, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, WSD, significantly reduced leaf thickness, specific leaf weight, TD, RWC, RDF, chlorophyll a/b. These indicated that: Taxus chinensis var. mairei made some necessary changes in morphological aspects in order to accommodate it to the change of light environment. Anthropogenic changes plant growth light environment could change plant morphology, was an important measure of artificial reshaping landscape type Taxus chinensis var. mairei.

  Analysis on Main Chemical Components of Four Flue-cured Tobaccos in Qujing of Yunnan 2013, 3 (3):  67-70.  Abstract + ( 1073 )   PDF ( 1259KB )   ( 1396 ) In order to study the quality of tobaccos produced in Qujing tobacco producing areas of Yunan, ‘Honghua Dajinyuan’, ‘Yunyan 87’, ‘K326’, ‘Zhongyan 100’four varies of flue-cured tobaccos were selected for study. We measured the contents of total sugar, reducing sugar, total nitrogen, nicotine, K element and Cl element in different parts of the tobaccos. The results showed that ‘Yunyan 87’ was best in chemical quality. And the best part was the middle leaves. Moreover, the total nitrogen content of leaves had positive correlationship with the nicotine content. So, the use of nitrogen fertilizer should be paid attention to control nicotine content synchronously.

  The research of mycelium growth of stropharia rugosoannulata farlow under different ratio of nitrogen source 2013, 3 (3):  71-74.  Abstract + ( 1197 )   PDF ( 1067KB )   ( 1698 ) Abstract :In order to Looking for a proper mother culture medium formula that made mycelium grow fast and strong , test was carried out in laboratory to study the effect of different wheat bran content as nitrogen source in mother culture medium on the mycelium of stropharia rugosoannulata farlow. The results showed that the ratio of nitrogen in mother culture medium affect the density, uniformity, growth potential, average growth rate of mycelium, and 15% and 20% wheat bran in mother culture medium were the best, and as nitrogen source wheat bran was better than peptone. the results also showed that stropharia rugosoannulata farlow mycelium growth trend is a “S “type curve , with wheat bran content of 15% and 20% in mother culture medium mycelium extended longer than others in the period of 12 to 24 days;mycelium stage growth rate trend was “fast→ slow→fast → slow”, In 0 to 3 days, 3-6 days, 9-12 days, 12 to 15 days, mycelium grew faster, in 6-9 days and 18 - 30 days grew relatively slow, and each stage in 0 – 18 days , growth rate were highest in condition of 20% wheat bran addition.

  Study on the Loose-leaf Bulk Curing Barn of Flue-cured Tobacco 2013, 3 (3):  75-78.  Abstract + ( 1149 )   PDF ( 1547KB )   ( 1279 ) In order to resolve the flue-cured tobacco production in baking stage large amount of labor and a lot of space not to use the problem of the bulk curing barn. With the large down-draft bulk curing barn for test materials, used loose leaf inserted sign baking method to research baking effect of the down-draft bulk curing barn of the loose-leaf insert sign. The results showed that: the energy consumption of average baking 1 kg dry tobacco and the labor cost of loose-leaf bulk curing barn was 1.02 Yuan lower than the curing barn of hang pole, and the capacity increased 71%, the superior flue-cured tobacco proportion increased 0.36%. Then, the total sugar and reducing sugar of down-draft bulk curing barn of the loose-leaf were higher, the main chemical components were better. The down-draft bulk curing barn of the loose-leaf and the down-draft bulk curing barn of hang pole sensory evaluation in the same.