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农学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (9): 36-39.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18120014

所属专题: 油料作物

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

可降解地膜对花生生长发育影响及残留情况研究

张相松1, 房晓燕1, 张凯2, 滕世辉3, 李晓霞3, 王献杰1   

  1. 1.临沂市农业环境保护监测站;2.山东省农业环境保护和农村能源总站;3.临沂市河东区农业局
  • 收稿日期:2018-12-12 修回日期:2019-02-28 接受日期:2019-03-18 出版日期:2019-09-16 发布日期:2019-09-16
  • 通讯作者: 王献杰 E-mail:hdnyhb
  • 基金资助:
    农业农村部农业生态环境保护项目“可降解地膜对比试验”(2110402)。

Degradable Plastic Film: Effects on Growth and Development of Peanut and Its Residues

  • Received:2018-12-12 Revised:2019-02-28 Accepted:2019-03-18 Online:2019-09-16 Published:2019-09-16

摘要: 近年来,作为治理白色污染主要手段之一的可降解地膜虽然推广面积逐年扩大,但是各种类型可降解地膜性能参差不齐,针对可降解地膜对作物生长发育及残留情况的系统研究更可谓是凤毛麟角。笔者采用对比试验和全生育期跟踪监测的方法,在花生上开展了不同类型可降解地膜对比试验,初步掌握了不同可降解地膜对花生生长发育的影响以及地膜残留情况。结果表明:普通地膜和氧化生物双降解地膜在保墒性能上表现更优异,可降解地膜在诱导期内的保温效果略优于普通地膜,产量有不同程度提升,残留率明显偏低,但降解特性差别较大,诱导期长短不一,氧化生物双降解地膜降解不稳定、速度不一致,个别全降解地膜诱导期较短作用不明显,四种降解地膜统一呈现出诱导期越长花生产量越高和畦面部分降解较快、覆土部分降解很慢的现象。

关键词: 农业气象, 农业气象, 自动观测, 人工观测, 数据, 对比, 分析

Abstract: In recent years, degradable plastic film, as one of the main means to control white pollution, has enlarged its popularization area year by year, but the performance of various types of degradable plastic film is uneven. The systematic study of degradable plastic film on crop growth, development and residues is rare. The comparative experiments of different types of degradable plastic film on peanut were carried out by means of comparative test and whole growth period monitoring. The effects of different degradable plastic film on the growth and development of spring peanut and the residual situation of plastic film were preliminarily grasped. The results showed that the performance of ordinary plastic film and oxidized biodegradable plastic film was better than that of ordinary plastic film in soil moisture conservation. The thermal insulation effect of degradable plastic film was slightly better than that of ordinary plastic film in the induction period. The yield of degradable plastic film was increased in varying degrees and the residue rate was obviously lower, but the degradation characteristics were different, the induction period was different, the degradation rate of oxidized biodegradable plastic film was unstable, the rate was different, and individual total degradation was different. The induction period of plastic film was shorter and the effect was not obvious. The four degradable plastic films showed that the longer the induction period, the higher the peanut yield, the faster the degradation of the border part, and the slower the degradation of the covering part.

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