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农学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (10): 16-22.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20200300059

所属专题: 小麦

• 农艺科学/生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

冀北荞麦品种多年定点高产试验分析

赵世锋(), 曹丽霞(), 刘文婷, 石碧红, 刘君馨, 赵雪峰   

  1. 张家口市农业科学院,河北张家口 075000
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-11 修回日期:2020-08-06 出版日期:2021-10-20 发布日期:2021-10-28
  • 通讯作者: 曹丽霞 E-mail:zsf1886@163.com;hhclx@126.com
  • 作者简介:赵世锋,男,1963年出生,河北张北人,推广研究员,主要从事燕麦荞麦科研与推广工作,通信地址:075000 张家口市经开区清水河南路惠通街张家口市农业科学院,E-mail: zsf1886@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    农业部、财政部现代农业产业技术体系项目“国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系”(CARS—07)

Multiyear High-yield Analysis of Buckwheat Varieties in Northern Hebei

Zhao Shifeng(), Cao Lixia(), Liu Wenting, Shi Bihong, Liu Junxin, Zhao Xuefeng   

  1. Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei, China
  • Received:2020-03-11 Revised:2020-08-06 Online:2021-10-20 Published:2021-10-28
  • Contact: Cao Lixia E-mail:zsf1886@163.com;hhclx@126.com

摘要:

为了探明适应于冀北坝上地区种植荞麦品种的高产性和适应性,以4个苦荞麦和2个甜荞麦品种为试验材料,连续5年进行定点高产试验,研究6个荞麦品种的产量、主要经济性状和区域适应能力。结果表明:参加试验的6个荞麦品种抗逆性均极强,耐旱、耐瘠薄、喜水肥,产量较为稳定;‘美国甜荞麦’是最适宜冀北种植的甜荞品种,产量1078.5 kg/hm2左右,其次为‘日本大粒’970.5 kg/hm2,甜荞麦需辅助授粉提高产量;‘冀苦荞2号’是最适宜冀北种植的苦荞麦品种,产量在2745 kg/hm2左右,其次为‘冀苦荞1号’2442.0 kg/hm2和‘川荞1号’2395.5 kg/hm2;甜荞麦生育期短,是较好的备荒作物,在冀北地区不适宜过早播种;中熟苦荞麦品种在冀北有特殊适应性,‘黑丰1号’因生育期较长,肥力较好的地块易徒长、不结实,种植风险较大。本试验结果得出结论:改进栽培措施可以进一步提高甜荞麦产量,苦荞麦同甜荞麦一样在冀北有更好的适应性。

关键词: 荞麦, 产量, 一点多年, 平均值, 变异系数

Abstract:

To explore the fertility and adaptability of main application buckwheat varieties in Bashang area of northern Hebei, 4 tartary buckwheat varieties and 2 common buckwheat varieties were used as materials to study for 5 consecutive years. The results showed that all the 6 buckwheat varieties were considered to have good resistance (to drought and barren), water and fertilizer tolerance, and relatively stable yield. ‘American common buckwheat’ was considered to be the most suitable variety of common buckwheat for planting in northern Hebei, with the yield of about 1078.5 kg/hm2, followed by ‘Japanese big grain’ about 970.5 kg/hm2, and common buckwheat required supplementary pollination for yield increase. ‘Jikuqiao No. 2’ was considered to be the most suitable variety of tartary buckwheat for planting in northern Hebei, with the yield of about 2745 kg/hm2, followed by ‘Jikuqiao No. 1’ about 2442.0 kg/hm2 and ‘Chuanqiao No. 1’ about 2395.5 kg/hm2. It can be concluded that the common buckwheat should be used as a reserve crop because of its short growth period, and it is not suitable for early sowing in northern Hebei. The medium ripe tartary buckwheat variety has special adaptability in northern Hebei, with the relatively long growth period, ‘Heifeng No.1’ has high planting risk in better fertility soil. In general, the improvement of cultivation measures could increase the yield of common buckwheat, and both tartary buckwheat and common buckwheat have better adaptability in northern Hebei.

Key words: Buckwheat, Grain Yield, Multiyear in the Same Site, Average, Coefficient of Variation

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