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农学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (7): 8-14.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0084

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

棉隆熏蒸和噻唑膦穴施对马铃薯孢囊线虫的防效及对马铃薯产量的影响

符慧娟1(), 易军1, 邵宝林2, 曾铄程1, 张海婷1, 李其勇1, 张鸿3, 李星月1()   

  1. 1 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部西南作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,成都 610066
    2 成都海关技术中心,成都 610041
    3 四川省农业科学院,成都 610066
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-08 修回日期:2024-08-15 出版日期:2025-07-20 发布日期:2025-07-18
  • 通讯作者:
    李星月,女,研究员,博士。通信地址:610066 成都市锦江区净居寺路20号 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所,Tel:028-84504801,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    符慧娟,女,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事有害生物综合防治研究。通信地址:610066 成都市锦江区净居寺路20号 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所,Tel:028-84504801,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    四川省科技计划项目“马铃薯孢囊线虫疫情监测及防控关键技术研究”(2021YFN0009); 四川省农业科学院科技成果中试熟化与示范转化项目“中国-以色列应对成渝极端气候适应的草地贪夜蛾生物防治技术研究”(2024ZSSFGH06)

Impact of Dazomet Fumigation and Fosthiazate Hole Application on Potato Cyst Nematode Infestation and Potato Yield

FU Huijuan1(), YI Jun1, SHAO Baolin2, ZENG Shuocheng1, ZHANG Haiting1, LI Qiyong1, ZHANG Hong3, LI Xingyue1()   

  1. 1 Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610066
    2 Technical Center of Chengdu Customs, Chengdu 610041
    3 Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066
  • Received:2024-05-08 Revised:2024-08-15 Online:2025-07-20 Published:2025-07-18

摘要:

为了控制马铃薯孢囊线虫对马铃薯的侵染为害,开展马铃薯孢囊线虫田间防治措施研究。试验采用了棉隆熏蒸和噻唑膦穴施2种防治措施,通过测定马铃薯的叶片SPAD值与氮含量、株高、植株重量、成熟期产量及播种前、开花期、成熟期的马铃薯孢囊线虫数量,分析了不同防治措施对马铃薯生产指标的影响及马铃薯孢囊线虫的防治效果。研究表明,噻唑膦穴施处理和棉隆熏蒸处理对植株株高有显著促进作用,对叶片光合作用均有增强效果。同时,防治措施减轻了马铃薯孢囊线虫对根系的侵染,其中,棉隆土壤熏蒸处理新生孢囊平均防效为91.07%,显著高于噻唑膦穴施和对照处理。与对照相比,棉隆熏蒸处理平均增产20.13%,噻唑膦穴施处理平均增产9.69%。棉隆土壤熏蒸较噻唑膦穴施更能有效抑制马铃薯孢囊线虫对马铃薯根系的侵染,且显著提高了马铃薯大薯率和产量。

关键词: 马铃薯孢囊线虫, 棉隆, 棉隆熏蒸, 噻唑膦, 噻唑膦穴施, 防效, 防治措施, 产量

Abstract:

To prevent and control the spread of potato cyst nematode, a research on field control methods for this pest was carried out. In the experiment, dazomet fumigation and fosthiazate hole application were adopted. The effects of these measures on potato production were analyzed through various indicators, such as the SPAD value and nitrogen content of the leaves, plant height, plant weight, yield at maturity, and the number of potato cyst nematodes at the pre-sowing, flowering, and maturity stages of the potatoes, and the control effect of potato cyst nematode. The results revealed that both of the treatments significantly improved the plant height and enhanced photosynthesis of leaves. At the same time, the control measures reduced the infection of potato roots by cyst nematode. The average control efficacy of dazomet fumigation for potato new cysts nematode was 91.07%, which was significantly higher than that of fosthiazate hole application and control treatment. Compared with the control, dazomet fumigation and fosthiazate hole application increased the average yield by 20.13% and 9.69%, respectively. Dazomet fumigation was notably more effective in suppressing the potato’s infection of potato cyst nematode than fosthiazate hole application, and it also substantially increased the rate of big tuber and potato yield.

Key words: potato cyst nematode, dazomet, dazomet fumigation, fosthiazate, fosthiazate hole application, control efficacy, control measures, yield